Transcript HISTORY OF INTERNET

HISTORY OF INTERNET
THE BEGINNING OF THE INTERNET
It will help in discussing the beginnings of the Internet to define what the Internet is. Now, you can
get as many different definitions of what the Internet is as dictionaries you have. But for most of us,
the simple description, a "worldwide system of interconnected networks and computers" is pretty good
and adequate.
But when people get more technical, they tend to add to the definition terms such as "a network that
uses the Transmission Control Protocol - Internet protocol" (or TCP/IP).
Many people have heard that the Internet began with some military computers in the Pentagon
called Arpanet in 1969. The theory goes on to suggest that the network was designed to survive a
nuclear attack. However, whichever definition of what the Internet is we use, neither the Pentagon
nor 1969 hold up as the time and place the Internet was invented. A project which began in the
Pentagon that year, called Arpanet, gave birth to the Internet protocols sometime later (during the
1970's), but 1969 was not the Internet's beginnings. Surviving a nuclear attack was not Arpanet's
motivation, nor was building a global communications network.
Bob Taylor, the Pentagon official who was in charge of the Pentagon's Advanced Research Projects Agency
Network (or Arpanet) program, insists that the purpose was not military, but scientific. The nuclear attack
theory was never part of the design. Nor was an Internet in the sense we know it part of the Pentagon's 1969
thinking. Larry Roberts, who was employed by Bob Taylor to build the Arpanet network, states that Arpanet
was never intended to link people or be a communications and information facility.
Arpanet was about time-sharing. Time sharing tried to make it possible for research institutions to use the
processing power of other institutions computers when they had large calculations to do that required more power,
or when someone else's facility might do the job better.
What Arpanet did in 1969 that was important was to develop a variation of a technique called packet switching.
In 1965, before Arpanet came into existence, an Englishman called Donald Davies had proposed a similar
facility to Arpanet in the United Kingdom, the NPL Data Communications Network. It never got funded; but
Donald Davies did develop the concept of packet switching, a means by which messages can travel from point to
point across a network. Although others in the USA were working on packet switching techniques at the same
time (notably Leonard Kleinrock and Paul Baran), it was the UK version that Arpanet first adopted.
CHANGES ON THE INTERNET & GADGETS
IMPORTANT INTERNET PEOPLE
Bill Gates
Entrepreneur Bill Gates founded the world's largest
software business, Microsoft, with Paul Allen, and
subsequently became one of the richest men in the
world.
Bill Gates was born William Henry Gates III on
October 28, 1955, in Seattle, Washington. Gates
began to show an interest in computer
programming at the age of 13 at the Lakeside
School. He pursued his passion through college.
Striking out on his own with his friend and
business partner Paul Allen, Gates found himself at
the right place at the right time. Through
technological innovation, keen business strategy
and aggressive business tactics, he built the world's
largest software business, Microsoft. In the
process, Gates became one of the richest men in the
world.
Tim Berners-Lee
Tim Berners Lee is a British computer
scientist who is credited with
inventing the World Wide Web
(WWW). Berners-Lee enabled a
system to be able to view web pages
(hypertext documents) through the
internet. He also serves as a director
fo the World Wide Web Consortium
(W3C) which overseas standards for
the internet and world wide web.
Berners-Lee has also been concerned
about issues relating to freedom of
information and censorship on the
internet.
Leonard Kleinrock
ºDr. Leonard Kleinrock pioneered the
mathematical theory of packet networks, the
technology underpinning the Internet. For his
enormous contribution to understanding the
power of packet networks he was honored
with the Charles Stark Draper Award as one
of the fathers of the Internet, along with
Vinton Cerf, Robert Kahn, and Larry Roberts.
He is a developer of ARPANET, the seedling
that grew into today’s global Internet, and his
laboratory’s UCLA Host computer became the
first ARPANET node in September 1969. A
month later, he directed the first transmission
to pass over the blossoming network.
How do we use internet?
We use internet every day for do diferent things´,for example:
∞ Look for information for do our homework.
∞ Chat with friends and family.
∞ Download photos and music.
∞ Post comments and images in many webpages.
∞ Play games online with other people.