Transcript Designed for Change

March 2, 2010
Internet Gone Mobile:
Technology and Policy Issues in the
Mobile Internet
Presenter:
Richard Bennett, Research Fellow, ITIF
Disclaimer:
Views expressed are mine alone and not those of ITIF or its
sponsors.
About me
 Protocol Engineer
 Ethernet over Twisted Pair
 Wi-Fi MAC, QoS, and MPDU Aggregation
 UWB Distributed Reservation Protocol
 Real-Time TCP
 Consult with Industry
 Policy Engineer
 Research Fellow with Washington Think Tank
 Testified before FCC in the Comcast complaint
 Testified before Congress
 Consult with regulators in Europe and the US
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Internet’s Historical Arc
 Original Internet
 Built for Three Networks: ARPANET, PRNET, SATNET
 Design based on CYCLADES
 Became the world standard because of research deployment
 Internet today
 1.6 Billion users, Web-oriented
 Internet ten years from now
 7 Billion Users.
 20 Billion Devices.
 Mobile last mile
 Augmented Reality, Social Networks, Two-Way Video, M2M
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Internet’s Problems
 Huge Backlog of Incomplete and Undeployed standards:
 DiffServ, IntServ, RSVP, Mobile IP, DNSSEC
 Operationally stagnant since 1993, if not longer
 Addressing Model is Wrong
 No host address, two point of attachment addresses
 No meaningful support for multi-homing and mobility
 Routing table overflow
 No Meaningful Security
 Public networks need attribution
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Internet’s Problems - 2
 Congestion Control is poorly implemented
 Keeps utilization of core links at 30%
 Reacts too slowly
 Doesn’t connect congestion with value of communications
 Quality of Service not connected with congestion
 Layered Architectures are Arguably Wrong in Principle
 Networks are recursive.
 “Networking is IPC and only IPC” – John Day
 Addresses don’t need to be global, names do
 NATs are not the exception, they’re the norm
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Mobile’s Historical Arc
 Voice +
 Voice + Data
 Voice + Data + Location
 Voice + Data + Location + Sensors
 Fascination with IP
 Grass is always Greener
 Naïve with respect to Internet’s design problems
 Real-time focus is very important
 The Internet has a lot to learn from Mobile
 Mobile has three time as many users as Internet
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Top Challenges
 Constructive Bellhead + Nethead engagement
 Bridge the Gap between the Two Network Cultures.
 Develop Interoperable VoIP
 RSVP, IntServ, DiffServ, Pre-ECN, Mobile IP
 Authentication, Payments, Roaming
 Internet Phone Numbers
 Develop New Architecture for Internet of the Future
 John Day’s RINA
 Joe Touch’s RNA
 Something else?
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Internet’s Future
 IPv6 will not take off
 Fails to correct the problems with Addressing, Routing, Quality of
Service, and Security
 TCP will slowly die off
 Hard-wired for limited size and speed
 Interesting New Apps are Real Time
 Recursive Architectures will take over
 Initial Implementations will encapsulate IP as MPLS and IS-IS do
 Economic Solutions to Congestion
 How much is low latency worth to each application?
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Policy Issues
 Law is Backward-Looking
 Technology is paradigm-shattering and forward-looking
 Most policy thinkers stuck in telephony paradigm
 Better policy thinkers tout out-of-date layered models
 Internet is Global
 Regulation is local
 Internet is a Multi-Purpose, Virtual Network
 Regulation Constrains Network to “the application”.
 Need Process-Oriented Models of Regulation
 Rule-Oriented Models always out of date
 Combine Network Stakeholders with Regulators
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Spectrum Controversies
 Licensed and Unlicensed have different roles
 Unlicensed is good for local and experimental
 Licensed is always more efficient
 SDMA, CDMA, MIMO have capacity and function limits
 Wireless is a small part of the Network in any event.
 Big Historical Mistake:
 TV Should be Wired, Telephony Should be Wireless.
 Correcting this Mistake is Technically Easy
 Shared Spectrum for Broadcasting
 Political Challenge is Apparently Greater than Tech Challenge.
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Broadband Controversies
 Clambering for Number One
 Poor way to enact policy
 Number One positions are scare resources
 Where is the U. S. overall?
 Leader in Affordable, low-speed DSL
 Leader in connected Schools
 More FTTH than Europe
 Trailing Europe in Spectrum
 Trailing in broadband subsidies
 What will FCC do about Net Neutrality?
 Find Ancillary Jurisdiction
 Rely on Self-Regulation
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Regulatory Approach
 Mobile Internet Experience the Fruit of Innovation
 Policy has to create the space for fundamental advances.
 Innovation in the Core Enables Innovation at the Edge.
 Non-Discrimination Rule Potentially Troubling
 All packets are not equal
 Discrimination easily confused with Differentiation
 Four Freedoms of Internet Access need to be supplemented:
 Freedom to Improve the Network
 Freedom to Improve Network Economics
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New Freedoms
 Engineering Freedom is Not a License to Steal
 Reasonable Oversight, not Strangling Regulation
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New Freedoms
 Engineering Freedom is Not a License to Steal
 Reasonable Oversight, not Strangling Regulation
 Business Model Innovation is Essential
 Internet Economy Replete with Proprietary Deals
 Peering and Transit Agreements are made under NDA.
 Fundamental Algorithms of Internet Economy are Trade Secret.
 Aligning incentives of users and operators is crucial.
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Co-Regulation
 See Chris Marsden: Net Neutrality: Towards a Co-Regulatory
Solution
 Stakeholders + Regulators Create Framework, enforce rules
 Avoid Outdated Models
 The Internet is not a telecom network
 The Mobile Internet will not look much like the wired Internet
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Thank you.
Please read:
Going Mobile: Technology and Policy Issues in the
Mobile Internet
http://www.itif.org/files/100302_GoingMobile.pdf
Contact me at:
[email protected]
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