Transcript ppt - NCLab, KAIST

Context-Aware Middleware Solutions
for Anytime and Anywhere
Emergency Assistance to Elderly People
Dario Bottazzi, Antonio Corradi, and Rebecca Montanari
University of Bologna
Quality Assurance and Devices In Telemedicine
4조 김병렬, 이승환, 홍창기
Outline
One line comment
Motivation/Problem
Approach
Analysis
Experiments
Critique
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One line comment
Context awareness for anytime and anywhere
assistance manage ad hoc assistance groups
Emergency assistance
Ubiquitous
Ad hoc Network
A
B
Context awareness is a crucial in group management supports
Context awareness can also help to reduce bystander apathy
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Motivation & Problem
Anytime and anywhere outdoor assistance requires
1.
formation of first response groups wherever
emergency events occurs
Not only medical personnel, but also friends, neighbors, and
passer-by can contribute
Potential helpers may suffer from bystander apathy
2.
the interactions among first responders needed to
make rapid decisions in unexpected situations
to coordinate assistance tasks depending on user skills, location,
and device characteristics
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Approach
The Approach
Group feeling
The interaction among assistance team members are facilitated
Context Awareness
crucial in the design of group management supports
reduce bystander apathy if passer-by know who is helping and which
activities are being performed
Challenges
?
Passer -by
Physician
Neighbors
Friends
Elderly patient
Emergency !!
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Analysis
AGAPE model
AGAPE group management is based on the locality concept to establish
well-defined group management boundaries.
In AGAPE each LME identifies one specific locality and supports group
management operations for only the group members placed within its
locality.
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Analysis
AGAPE Architecture
Group management layer provides the services needed to
create/dissolve and manage group
Group communication layer provides services to support asynchronous
message-oriented communication
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Analysis
Group Management support
LME(elderly patient’s device
- Locality Manager Entity
ME(passing users’ device
- Managed Entity
)
)
GID
- group identifier
PID
- personal identifier(unique within group)
PENS
- Proximity Enabled Naming Service
- randomly generates and assigns GIDs and PIDs
- senses advertisements sent at regular times by ME/LME via
PS(proximity service)
- build a table that associates each entity with its GID/PID, IP address,
and role(ME or LME)
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Analysis
Group creation
occurs when the group is first created(by an LME) and
any time an entity(ME/LME) need to join a group
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Analysis
Group Management support
PS
- Proximity service
- exploits a bounded flooding protocol to limit advertisement message
propagation within specific locality
bounded flooding protocol
- LME broadcasts an advertisement containing its GID/PID, IP
address , role, and a counter representing the h parameter
- each entity receiving the message decrements the counter and
rebroadcasts the message until the counter has 0 (a null value)
h
- Maximum radius of locality in network hop
J/LMS
- Join/Leave Manager Service
- allows entities to discover and join/leave groups of their interest
- discovery and joining rely on visibility of group/user/device profiles
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Analysis
Joining
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Analysis
Group Management support
VMS
- View Manager Service
- creates, maintains and disseminates views to group members at
regular times
- view contains the list of co-located group members along with their
profiles(context-dependent view)
- bounded flooding protocol, similarly to PS
view
- group member PID/IP address(obtained from PENS)
- user/device profile(obtained by J/LMS during the joining phase)
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Analysis
LME coordination
To cope with mobility-induced changes in group membership, VMS
coordinates with PENS to obtain the notification of arrival, departure
and disconnection of a group member entity, and updates views
accordingly.
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Analysis
Group Communication support
CS
- Communication Service
- select message receivers of interest and forward messages
- exploits user/device profiles(context-aware message forwarding)
MSS
- Message Scheduler Service
- dynamically assign priority to messages depending on applicationspecific(context-aware message scheduling)
- MSS builds a priority table that associates each user/device/group
profile with priority level.
MPMS
- Message Presentation Manager Service
- message content adaptation according to profile(context-aware
message presentation)
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Experimental Setup
Deployment setting
Mobile Ad hoc Network(MANET) scenario
- IEEE 802.11b(wireless cards)
- static IP
- AODV(Ad hoc On Demanding Distance Vector) routing protocol
Xybernauts MA-V wearable device
-Elderly users and physicians
Pc Expo inJapan 2001.6.29
http://www.watch.impress.co.jp
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Experimental Setup
Deployment setting
ECG Pocket View Holter
- monitors arrhythmia disorders through skin-contact electrodes
Institute Renata
http://www.instituutrenata.com/
iPAQ PDAs
-Linux familiar, Personal Java and a subset of AGAPE service
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Experimental Setup
Deployment setting
Elderly patient/physician/passer-by/group profiles
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Experimental Scenario
Team Creation
Elderly patient device
LME
All other device
Mes
Physicians and ordinary people are located close to the elderly patient
(eye contact proximity)
Devices may be placed at different distances from a few meter to 100m
When an anomalous arrhythmia is detected
- LME
formation of an assistance team
PS: advertise its availability
PENS: generate GID/PID and set up the table for the group
- MEs
sense advertise via their PENS
Upon group detection
- ME
passer-by join the group
- LME
inserts the new group member profile in the view
return the view to new group member
While the elderly patient is waiting for help
- context-dependent views may change
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Experimental Scenario
Intervention plan and user application
to reduce bystander apathy
Emergency notification by sound signal at increasing volume
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Experimental Scenario
Collaboration
Provide to-do and how-to list
(European Resuscitation Council guidelines)
Propagate the to-do list update
All messages require scheduling and format adaptation
- physician can assign higher priority to her message
- directly assist the patient in speech mode
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Evaluation
Measure
Responsiveness
- outdoor
- small area with large number of devices
Battery degradation
Results
Responsiveness in outdoor
- 4 laptops + 16 PDAs
- group creation - patient’s device requires a few hundred millsec
- group joining – trade-off between responsiveness and network
overload
Responsiveness in small area with large number of devices
-2 – 200 passers-by
- IEEE 802.11 network, 2Mb/s, 250m connectivity range
- one patient’s device in a 1km square area
- degrades in presence of 100 nodes due to packet losses
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Evaluation
Results
Battery degradation
-VMS requires continuous IEEE 802l.11 connections
-reasonable choice in range between 10-15s
Comments
Socio-psychological and aesthetic
It is hardly realistic to expect elderly to walk around with heavy
laptops
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Critique
Strong points
Groups are created on demand on the basis of context awareness
Provide online context aware group communication functionality
Modular design
Wider range of usage with sensors
context awareness is a crucial property in the design of group
management supports for anytime and anywhere assistance and
can also help to reduce bystander apathy.
aware that socio-psychological and aesthetic deeply impact on
the success/failure of their prototype adoption.
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Critique
Weak points
Security
trade-off between elder privacy and exposure of monitored,
sensitive, health-related information
Safety critical system. What if there are no nodes in connectivity
range of 250m, What if device is out of battery? This is also
critical problem.
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New idea
As you know…
Reliability concerned with network bandwidth and connectivity
should be considered significantly in emergency assistant system.
Context aware middleware is essential application not only in
telemedicine, but also in all other ubiquitous environments like
home networks.
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New idea
Home networks
Set-top box is nowadays a web server at home
Connect all devices to set-top box include the door lock system
Your PDA has your profile except password
When your PDA is connected to the home server devices know your
profile and customize services
Any server
Home server
Hand held device
Bluetooth, WIFI
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