Transcript B.7 Improved RMTN/RMDCN for RA II (India)

Lecture Note No.5
TRAINING SEMINAR
ON
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY FOR THE GTS
T.K.Ray, RTH, New Delhi,Email:[email protected]
((((Improved
RMTN/RMDCN for RAII
The IMTN (Improved MTN)
The present MTN and the GTS, in general, suffers from the following deficiencies:
a)
The GTS is not really in a network formation and, infact, it is more of a bi-lateral links joined in a loose
network formation;
b)
The links belong to the old concept of telecommunication and so are not in many cases, cost ffective;
c)
Various protocols are followed by various links depending on the availability and, thus, no uniformity is
available throughout the network;
d)
Latest telecommunication techniques and protocols are missing is most of the cases resulting in inefficiency of
the data exchange procedures;
e)
There is no mechanism to exchange information between non-adjacent MTN/RMTN Centres, without
involving neighbouring centres. This is one of the most serious deficiencies of the GTS and the MTN which
attracted the attention of the whole GTS community.
The CBS in its extra-ordinary session XII RAII(1998) emphasized that the GTS in general and the MTN in particular will
have to cope-up with the dual challenge of the changing requirements and the emerging technologies. CBS, therefore,
requested a team of experts (ET-IMTN) to develop a project for an improved MTN including technical and administrative
aspects for submission to CBS-XII (2000).
ET-IMTN developed and submitted a draft project for the improved MTN. The Implementation Coordination Meeting on the
MTN (Geneva, October, 1999) reviewed the ET-IMTN proposals. The experts team (ET-IMTN) recommended an improved
MTN plan based upon “Approach 2” described below:
The improved MTN shall be implemented through network services provided by a small number of providers (“Clouds”). Some MTN Centres would
provide gateway functions between the “Clouds”. The first implementation phase (Phase 2A) would be a mix of clouds and point-to-point circuits. A
second phase (Phase 2B) would provide the full MTN connectivity through the “Clouds”.
The shorthand word “Cloud” used above has the definition:
“three or more centers used a common provider of network services even a contractual frame-work to implement
the required connectivity among the centers concerned”.
The cloud technology has several benefits for the implementation of the GTS and the MTN which is given below:
A. Cost effectiveness:
i) Generally more cost effective than dedicated leased circuits;
ii)
Economy of scale for larger centers;
iii)
Capacity can be selected incrementally
B. Flexibility:
i)
Virtual circuits can be added or removed easily;
ii) Virtual circuit capacity [Committed Information Rate (CRI) in Frame Relay* Network] including asymmetric traffic
can be easily adopted. Virtual circuits can be added or removed easily;
C. Technological support and revision from the network providers
facilitates operation and management.
D. Opportunity for acceleration on TCP-IP implementation and related benefits.
The probable implementation phases (2A and 2B) are given schematically in Fig.1 & 2 respectively.
Improved RMTN (IRMTN)
XII – RAII (Seol, 19-27 September, 2000) endorsed the concept of Improved RMTN using modern costeffective data communication network services. In view of the geographical extent of RAII, it agreed that the
design of the IRMTN could be based on the implementation of several networks grouping RTHs and NMCs
as appropriate. Considering that cost-effective data network services such a Frame Relay and IP-VPN
services were available in parts of the Region and that the administrative mechanisms for implementation
would not be developed shortly. A report prepared by Mr. Ichijo of RTH, Japan and a Member of ET-IMTN is
presented herein. A mixed approach using Frame Relay, Internet and commercial satellite broadcast as
described below may also prove useful and cost-effective for some Regions specially eastern and southern
part of RAII.
*rame Relay (F.R) is a wide-area networking solution that provides connectivity and communication
amongst multiple locations supporting a variety of applications. F.R can refer to an internet standard
protocol, a switching technology and a set of public services.
F.R has the following advantages:

Improves application and/or Network performance

Improves network availability and reliability

Increase network flexibility to help reconfigure the network quickly

Improves network efficiency and use

Simplify network architecture

Relegate maintenance & management of the network to a service provider that has in-depth
networking expertise.

Save on transport, access & equipment costs

Reduce cost of operations and overall ownership

Provides a migration path to other services viz.ATM, IP-based and VPN services.
Status of the Improved RMTN project in RA II
Doc. 3.3 (1) Presentation version
RA II/ICM-GTS 2002 (New Delhi, 7 to 10 January 2002)
Contents
1. Background
2. Progress status
2.1 Migration to TCP/IP
2.2 Seeking cost-effective connections
2.3 Complementary systems
3. Prospect on foundations of the Improved RMTN
3.1 IMTN Network D (a core of the Improved RMTN)
3.2 Asian market of network service providers
4. Considering in further improving
Submitted By Hiroyuki Ichijo (Japan)
1. Background
RA II endorsed the Improved RMTN concept using cost-effective network
services, and agreed the practical design, considering geographical
characteristics.
Improved RMTN
Group IID Network
Zone of
responsibility of
RTH Tashkent
Zone of
responsibility of
RTH Novosibirsk
Moscow
Tashkent
Novosibirsk
Zone of
responsibility of
RTH Khabarovsk
Khabarovsk
Offenbach
Tehran
Zone of
responsibility of
RTH Tokyo
Improved MTN
Network D
Tokyo
Zone of
responsibility of
RTH Tehran
Jeddah
Zone of
responsibility of
RTH Jeddah
Improved RMTN
Group IIC Network
Beijing
Zone of
responsibility
of RTH Beijing
New Delhi
Zone of
responsibility of
RTH New Delhi
Improved RMTN
Group IIB Network
Bangkok
Zone of
responsibility of
RTH Bangkok
Improved RMTN
Group IIA Network
Outcome of feasibility study
• Cost-effective network services are currently available in not a
whole but some parts of the Region.
• Collaborative use of such services requires new mechanisms in
administrative aspect.
• Such mechanisms will not be developed shortly.
RA II agreed a practical step by step approach for the implementation.
We have just stepped into the first stage.
At this stage, the most important strategy is migration to TCP/IP. In
addition, we should try to use cost-effective network services even if it
is on bilateral basis.
Reason why do we need new mechanisms in administrative aspect
Traditional method : bilateral contract/billing
Frame Relay
Network
X
Frame Relay
NNI Network
Y
New method : one-stop concept
(a) one-stop contract/billing
(b) one-stop contract & multi-end billing
2. Progress status
2.1 Migration to TCP/IP
Benefits in introducing TCP/IP :
• Cost-saving, availability of standard protocols/applications, network
flexibility
• It allows us a lot of latitude in selecting a network service.
Achievement rate in RA II :
• about 20% ( as of August 2001)
• The latest estimation : about 40% by the end of 2003.
Remarkable activity for last two years in RA II :
• Eastern part (Group IIA) - upgrading TCP/IP with NNI Frame Relay
• Northern part (Group IID) – a two triangle configuration with
consolidated status monitoring (SNMP) and dynamic routing (RIP)
RMTN configuration (as of December 2001)
RTH in Region II
NMC in Region II
64K
Moscow
Centre in other region
Washington
64K
7.2-28.8K (V.34)
MTN circuit
Regional / Interregional circuit
9.6-19.2K (V.34)
Non-IP link
IP link (near future)
IP link (implemented)
Almaty
7.2-9.6K (V.34)
9.6K(4.8K+4.8K)
9.6-28.8K (V.34)
Bishkek
Offenbach
100
7.2-12.0K (V.34)
Ulaanbaatar
Tashkent
75
75
Baghdad
NI
NI
Tehran
50
NI
Dushanbe
Karachi
Bahrain
1200
Doha
1200
50
9.6K
50
Kathmandu
Moscow
2400
Cairo
Frame Relay
CIR<16/16K>
Hong Kong
NI
100
50
Muscat
200
Hanoi
75
Sanaa
Seoul
75
NI
NI
Frame Relay
CIR<16/16K>
New Delhi
100
9.6K
Cairo
9.6K
50
75
Emirates
Algiers
64K
NI
100
200
100
Offenbach
Kabul
9.6K(4.8K+4.8K)
1200
Jeddah
4.8K
NI
Kuwait
100
Frame Relay
CIR<32/32K>
Beijing
64K
50
75
75
7.2K
2.4K
Tokyo
PyongYang
100
Ashgabad
14.4K
9.6K
9.6K
NI
64K
Khabarovsk
Novosibirsk
Macao
Dhaka
Colombo
200
Internet
Connection
50
Vientiane
200
Male
9.6K
Yangon
9.6K
1200
Frame Relay
CIR<16/16K>
Manila
64K
Melbourne
75
Bangkok
1200
RMTN in Region II (Asia)
NI
Kuala Lumpur
Phnom Penh
Melbourne
2.2 Seeking cost-effective connections
Frame Relay solution :
• In most cases, Frame Relay is a reasonable and easy solution.
• In the 4 examples experienced by Tokyo, 25 to 40 % cost-saving could
be realised.
• However, Frame Relay is not always available with reasonable cost in a
whole Region.
Internet solution :
• There is no guarantee in speed, delay time and security.
• There is no responsible body for accidents and unexpected phenomena.
• Hidden cost for attack protection & recovery and technique updating.
• However, there are various opportunity for cost-saving, gigantic capacity,
flexible connectivity and introducing modern & useful technologies.
• With appropriate security management like VPN, plans to establish
Internet connections instead of dedicated circuits will arise in places.
2.3 Complementary systems
Satellite broadcast/multicast systems :
• Being used for a complement of GTS point-to-point links and a backup
source.
• PCVSAT (2-way) by China, TV-inform-Meteo by Russia, MDD by
EUMETSAT, WAFS (ISCS, SADIS) and UKSF/WWW
Internet data servers :
• One of the most promising complement systems
• A number of RTHs/NMCs operate their own servers and provide WWW
data.
• Internet connectivity of Members is improving.
3 Prospect on foundations of the Improved RMTN
3.1 IMTN Network D (a core of the Improved RMTN)
IMTN is a good model for administrative aspect :
• Early Implementation of the IMTN project may accelerate the
collaborative implementation of the Improved RMTN.
• It is important to hasten to establish the Network D of the IMTN.
Outcome of CBS Expert Team in IMTN (related part) :
• To extend connectivity of the existing RA VI RMTN (RMDCN) to the Asian
part (Network D) and the African part (Network C);
• Based on the existing contractual arrangement of the RMDCN between
the primary customer (ECMWF) and the provider (EQUANT).
• An ad-hoc group comprising the experts from RTHs Offenbach, Toulouse,
Moscow, Nairobi, Beijing and ECMWF will carry out the preparatory
activities in coordination with the other RTHs concerned.
Improved RMTN
Group IID Network
Zone of
responsibility of
RTH Tashkent
Zone of
responsibility of
RTH Novosibirsk
Moscow
Novosibirsk
Tashkent
Relation between
Improved RMTN
and IMTN
Zone of
responsibility of
RTH Khabarovsk
Khabarovsk
Offenbach
Zone of
responsibility of
RTH Tokyo
Improved MTN
Network D
Tehran
Zone of
responsibility of
RTH Tehran
Tokyo
Zone of
responsibility of
RTH Beijing
Beijing
Jeddah
New Delhi
Zone of
responsibility of
RTH Jeddah
Zone of
responsibility of
RTH New Delhi
Improved RMTN
Group IIC Network
Bangkok
Improved RMTN
Group IIB Network
Improved MTN
(Initial possible configuration)
Nairobi
New Delhi
Jeddah
Network D
RA VI RMDCN
Bracknell
Beijing
Cairo
Toulouse
Network C
Dakar
Improved RMTN
Group IIA Network
Moscow
Prague
Sofia
Zone of
responsibility of
RTH Bangkok
Algiers
Tokyo
Washington
Offenbach
Network B
Melbourne
Network A
Buenos Aires
Brasilia
Outcome of ET-IMTN 2001
Moscow joins
Network B
New Delhi
Jeddah
Moscow
Network D
Prague
Sofia
Nairobi
RA VI RMDCN Bracknell
(EQUANT)
Cairo
Toulouse
Tokyo
Washington
Offenbach
Network C
Dakar
Beijing
Algiers
Extension of RAVI RMDCN
to Networks C & D
Network B
Melbourne
Network A
Buenos Aires
Consolidation of
Networks A & B
Brasilia
3.2 Asian market of network service providers
Service coverage :
• In 2000 and 2001, global service providers inclined their investment to
one-side of the eastern Asia such as Hong Kong, Singapore and Japan.
• Their service coverage has not been expanded since 1999.
• Especially most parts of Central Asia and Middle East are still out of the
coverage.
• On the other hand, some major providers such as MCI/WorldCom and
C&W are preparing to rush the potential big markets in China and India.
• Generally, providers have PoPs in international big cities. However over
70% of NMCs are not in such big cities.
Service trend :
• Frame Relay is a steady and major service.
• In global business use, the trend Is gradually moving from Frame Relay
to VPN services.
• It is expected that coverage of VPN services would expand on the
worldwide level.
Typical examples of VPN services
4. Consideration in further improving
Activity of each RTHs :
• A practical implementation approach in a group is not always the same
as others.
• Each RTH should survey technical circumstances of NMCs and available
network services in its responsibility zone.
• Each RTH should develop a draft plan including a target year.
• The plan should include the migration to TCP/IP with a first priority and
technical support to NMCs.
Cooperation with WMO Secretariat :
• Financial support (e.g. through VCP) is necessary.
• Updating the on-line DCST resources is necessary.
Collaboration mechanisms in administrative aspect:
• Higher level than each group should develop the mechanisms.
• Experiences from IMTN project should be shared by each group.
• Questionnaire to all RA II Members could be effective to survey
administrative conditions of each NMCs.
Alternative mixed approach for improvement of South-Asian segment of the GTS
South Asian segment of GTS in RA II traditionally uses a three tier
architecture – (i) MTN to Main Regional Circuits/inter-regional circuits
(ii) Bi-lateral circuits (iii) National Circuits. Additionally, HF broadcasts
of RTT and facsimile are also done.
1. Use of Frame-Relay
A possible configuration of MTN/Regional/bilateral links connected to
RTH, New Delhi and adjacent RTHs Tokyo, Moscow, Beijing and
Bangkok using a common Frame Relay Service provider e.g. Equant
who is also the service provider for RMDCN in RA-VI.
The FR service from Equant not only enables RTH New Delhi to
implement ICMMTN2001 Recommendations to form cloud D either as
an extension of RMDCN of RA-VI or as a bi-lateral implementation
amongst RTHs New Delhi, Tokyo, Moscow, Beijing and Bangkok
replacing the existing analogue circuits. The cost-effectiveness of the
Frame Relay service, however, have to be worked out for the whole
2. Use of Internet
Internet can be used for MTN/Regional/Bi-lateral/National links in the following manner:
(a) Secondary/back-up in case of failure of FR/leased line access
(b) Primary link as replacement of low speed regional/inter-regional/bi-lateral links
In both the above cases implementation needs fire-world router/ hosts which involve
one time cost but provides the advantage of using existing internet connection without
additional recurring cost. Usual internet utilities viz. FTP and email can be used for full
duplex communication.
3. Use of commercial Satellite broadcast
RTT and Facsimile broadcast through HF media are being replaced world-wide by
commercial digital radio for entertainment and data casting. Commercial data-casting
services from providers such as M/s World Space can be used as a cost-effective and
reliable replacement of the HF broadcast system. Uploading of the data (Alphanumeric, binary and graphics) can be done using Internet. For the end user, requirement
is only a commercial radio-receiver with a small L-band antenna and a PC-card
adopter, the total cost of which does not exceed US$ 200. The downlink speed of data
is 128 kbps. The whole arrangement works automatically without any human
intervention. Since the L-band antenna is near-omni-directional, even moving platforms
such as, ships/trawlers and even motor cars can receive the broadcast.
A detailed description of the system was presented in Lecture Note No.4.