Transcript Large – Scale Sensor network

Large – Scale
Sensor network
2006년 11월 22일
정광본
Index
Ubiquitous Sensor Network (USN)
 Motivation
 Technologies of USN
 Applications & Real Case
 References
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Ubiquitous Sensor Network(1)
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Inexpensive, smaller, low-power communication
devices
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Provide dense sensing close to physical phenomena

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Monitoring & controlling target environment
Process & Communicate data

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A many number of nodes are deployed through physical
space
Exponential growth in the underlying semiconductor
technology
Limited capability of processing data
smaller distance
Coordinate actions with other nodes
Ubiquitous Sensor Network(2)
Wireless sensor node for environmental monitoring [2]
Motivation

아직은 초보단계이지만 인간의 5감보다 더 우수한 성능의
센서가 속속 등장하고 있는데다 무선 네트워크화가 진행
되고 있어 센서 네트워크는 또 한번의 IT 혁명을 예고한다.
유비쿼터스 환경을 구현하는 중심 수단으로서 센서 네트
워크가 가장 먼저 꼽힌다. [삼성 종합기술연구소, 2005]
[5]
Technologies of USN

Autonomous cluster building technology [1]
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To conduct scalable management by dividing the network into
clusters.
How these clusters are formed
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
How to select the CHs dynamically according to the remaining
battery power at each node and power supply status.
To improve energy conservation effect.
Technologies of USN

Autonomous control technology for communication
timing (1) [1]

The TDMA makes static assignments of communication slots
and thus offers more efficient communication.


Require centralized management making advance settings a
complex task for large-scale networks.
The CSMA-CA acquires communication slots in an
autonomous yet dynamic manner, while preventing collisions.

Optimized allocation is difficult due to the overhead collision
avoidance process
Technologies of USN

Autonomous control technology for communication
timing (2) [1]

Autonomous communication slot allocation method
(Phase Diffusion Time division method)

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Adaptable for large-scale network by applying the nonlinear
oscillator theory
An efficient communication timing pattern is self-organized to
reduce collision frequency
r : Conventional data transmission
2r : timing control of communication
Technologies of USN

Autonomous control technology for communication
timing (2) [3]

Each node can transmit the data only in the phase interval of
0 < θi < Ǿc

In other phase interval, the node can receive the signal
anytime as long as no collisions are detected.
Technologies of USN
 The dynamics of PDTD self-organizes an efficient phase
difference pattern to eliminate potential collisional states from
randomly assigned phase distribution in the network.
Apart from each other

Node1 can communicate with node {0, 5, 6, 10}, but the collision
may occur unless the phase difference is less than the phase margin
of Ǿc.

A set of independent phases of node, which will not collide with
each other is desired to be clustered and these clusters of phase is
efficiently divided to improve throughput reservations.
Technologies of USN
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Positional detection technology [1]

To identify a location in which detected data originates or to
trace moving objects

To control the transmission power by reducing the radio
interference based on the position of wireless nodes.

radio waves

In order to lower costs, miniaturize and conserve the energy of
wireless nodes.
Technologies of USN

Software updating technology [1]

in order to correct problems with the numerous wireless
nodes that have been established or to add on functions

an enormous task for large-scale networks, if the software
needs to be rewritten for each node.

It will become possible to download various programs
according to a particular location or situation, to realize
wireless nodes with various required function.
Technologies of USN
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Security technology [1]

To protect the data that has been gathered on the server in a
global manner


The mechanism for authenticating nodes is important


rather than concentrating on protecting local communications
between individual nodes
Relatively easy for a malicious node to participate in the data
transfer as one of the relaying nodes and tamper with the data.
Study on a method of local authentication without the use of a
server

Peripheral nodes cannot be trusted during the authenticating
process when use of a server to perform authentication.
Applications & Real Case
Forecast Ecosystem – 1 [4]
Applications & Real Case
Forecast Ecosystem – 2 [4]
Applications & Real Case
Forecast Ecosystem - 3 [4]
Applications & Real Case
Forecast Ecosystem – 4 [2]
Applications & Real Case
Counter Sniper System [4]
Applications & Real Case
Structure Health Monitoring – Golden Gate Bridge Monitoring [4]
Applications & Real Case
Agriculture Solution [4]
Applications & Real Case
Habitat Monitoring : Great Duck Island – 1 [4]
Applications & Real Case
Habitat Monitoring : Great Duck Island – 2 [4]
Applications & Real Case
Habitat Monitoring : Great Duck Island – 3 [4]
Applications & Real Case
Habitat Monitoring : Great Duck Island – 4 [4]
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Size

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Power

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
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Low power consumption on the device
High capacity battery
Stable supply
Packaging


Motes need to fit in burrows
Provide adequate protection for electronics or proper
conditions for sensors
Node reliability
Applications & Real Case
Smart Dust : mote - 1 [4]
Applications & Real Case
Smart Dust : mote – 2 [4]
Related Company [4]
Reference
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[1] Shigeru Fukunaga, Tadamichi Tagawa, kiyoshi Fukui, Koichi
Tanimoto, Hideaki Kanno : “Development of Ubiquitous Sensor Network”,
Oki Technical Review October 2004/Issue 200 Vol.71 No.4
[2] David Culler, Deborab Estrin, Mani Srivastava : “Overview of Sensor
Networks”, IEEE computer society August 2004
[3] Kosuke Sekiyama, Yuki Kubo, Shigeru Fukunaga, Masaaki Date :
“Phase Diffusion Time Division method for Wireless Communication
Network”, IEEE IECON 2004, November 2004
[4] Daeyoung Kim : “Ubiquitous Sensor Network –ANTS : An evolvable
Network of Timy Sensors – ,“ http://ip.icat.or.kr/paper/upload/2006-0420444707333d_USN.pdf
[5] 박현식 : “WSN(Wireless Sensor Network)기술 동향”, HN FOCUS
vol.11
[6] Y. Matsumura, K. Endo and S. Nakagawa : “Efficient Dispersion
Calculation Method Using A Secret Lamp-type Dispersion Method”,
Shingaku Giho, ISEC-2002-105, March 2003.