Transcript ITI 510 – Computer Networks Meeting 1

ITI-510
Computer
Networks
ITI 510 – Computer Networks
Meeting 6
Rutgers University Center for Applied
Computer Technologies
Instructor: Chris Uriarte
Agenda
ITI-510
Computer
Networks
• Network Computing with Microsoft
Operating Systems
• Popular Internet Protocols
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HTTP
SHTTP/SSL
SMTP
FTP
Telnet
SSH
• Project Overview
• Questions
Network Computing with
Microsoft Operating Systems
ITI-510
Computer
Networks
• Microsoft Operating Systems make up the
majority of the operating systems install
base in the world today.
• There are a number of different types of
MS Operating systems:
Home
Business
Server
Windows 3.1 (o)
(o) –
obsolete
Windows For
Workgroups 3.11 (o)
Windows NT Server
3.5.1 (o)
Windows 95 (eol)
(eol) – end
of life
Windows NT
Workstation 4.0
Windows NT Server
4.0
Windows 98/98SE
Windows 2000
Professional
Windows 2000
Server
Windows ME
Windows XP
Professional
Windows .NET Server
(coming soon)
Windows XP
Networking Support in MS
Operating Systems
ITI-510
Computer
Networks
• Since the release of Windows for
Workgroups 3.11, MS Operating systems
have supported networking as a core
operating system feature.
• All modern Microsoft OS’s support a
number of network protocols – most
importantly, they support TCP/IP
• TCP/IP now forms the foundation for
network-based computing environments
running Microsoft technologies.
Networking Support, con’t
ITI-510
Computer
Networks
• We can say that Microsoft OS’s support
three classes of network protocols:
– Standard Protocols – such as TCP/IP
– Third Party Vendor Protocols – such as Novell’s
IPX
– Microsoft-Specific Protocols – such as Netbios
• All modern Microsoft OS’s support a
modular network kernel architecture,
which allows the operating system to
support new protocols as they are
introduced and developed.
OSI Layer Responsibilities in Relation
to MS Operating Systems
Application Layer
Handled by the application itself (web
browser, mail client, etc.). May be
distributed with the operating system or
by a third party.
Transport Layer
Handled by a “Protocol Driver” in the
operating system. Windows includes a
number of supported transport protocols.
Network Layer
Handled by a “Protocol Driver” in the
operating system. Note: A single
protocol driver may handle both Transport
and network layer protocols, as in TCP/IP
Data Link Layer
Handled by the network device driver. For
example, an Ethernet driver tells the OS
how to form Ethernet packets and pass
then to the Ethernet card (NIC)
ITI-510
Computer
Networks
Physical Layer
Represents the physical hardware (NIC,
cables, etc.)
Network Configuration in
Windows
ITI-510
Computer
Networks
• Windows provides a graphical interface to
manage basic network related settings.
Windows allows a user to:
– Install drivers for NICs
– Install protocol drivers for specific Protocols
(TCP/IP)
– Configure individual protocols (Such as IP
Address and Network Settings)
• The starting point for Network
configuration is Start->Settings->Control
Panel->Networks
– Specific verbiage may vary. For example, the
Windows 2000 control panel applet is called
“Networking and Dial-up Connections”
Network Properties
ITI-510
• The general network properties dialog box
looks like this:
Computer
Networks
NIC
Installed
Protocols and
Network
Components
Installed
Configuring Protocols Properties
ITI-510
Computer
• Protocols can be configured by highlighting
a protocol and choosing “Properties”:
TCP/IP Properties
Networks
Tells your
computer to use
DHCP
Used to specify
IP address Info
Address of DNS
Servers
Microsoft Networking
ITI-510
Computer
Networks
• There are three models that can be used for
Windows based computers related to Microsoftspecific networking:
– Standalone – a computer that does not use any
networking components or a computer that does not
have any interaction or dependency on other
computers on a network.
– Workgroup Environment – a peer-to-peer environment
that where computers are segmented into
“Workgroups”, mainly used to organize and efficiently
catalog computing resources on a network.
– Domain Environment – a highly-advanced network
computing infrastructure that utilizes a centralized
user database and authentication methodology. Users
must authenticate onto to the domain to get access to
computing resources.
– Note: A Windows computer must be one and
only one of the above.
Microsoft Windows Domains
ITI-510
Computer
Networks
• A Windows domain environment utilizes a central
user database, which contains user information,
including access rights and passwords.
• Computers are configured to “join” the domain.
• The central user database is contained on a
domain controller (must be a Windows NT Server
or Windows 2000 server machine).
• When a user logs into a local PC or attempts to
access network resources, credential information is
passed to the domain control, which authorizes or
denies access to a requested resource.
• The standard in corporate computing environments.
• Allows for central administration of user access
rights and passwords.
Windows Domain and Workgroup
Client Configuration
ITI-510
Computer
Networks
In Windows 2K, Domain and Workgroup settings can be configured under
My Computer (Rt. Click)->Properties->Network ID Tab->Properties