Transcript Global Space/Ground IP Addressing Approaches

IP Addressing & Routing - Down
• Downlink addressing
– Normal addressing to any ground destination with normal
ground routing
– Packets addressed to another spacecraft would probably go
to its home agent and either forwarded or discarded
• Should packets ever be held for later forwarding ???
• Is this only done for a few special type packets ???
– Common addresses to common ground services (e.g. store
& forward file server, time server, )
•
•
•
•
Non-routable (10.0.0.1,2,3) addresses
Multicast to one or more systems like redundant file servers
Anycast addressing ???
Need addresses for common services onboard spacecraft (file
store&forward and time services provided by spacecraft)
• Option to query (known or broadcast address) for range of
services available
IP Addressing & Routing - Up
• Uplink addressing
– How does the ground network know where to send data for
uplink to a spacecraft
– Manual static tunnel (blind commanding)
– Mobile IP
• To a single address at spacecraft level
• For each instrument on spacecraft (e.g. Express Pallet with
multiple but completely separate experiments on it)
– Mobile Routing to support onboard LAN
– DHCP for spacecraft to pick up new address per ground
station (NOT recommended)
IP Addressing & Routing - Onboard
• Onboard addressing
– Private address space with NAT to ground (IPSEC issues,
but could terminate IPSEC at a router and NAT on other
side)
– Satellite LAN with mobile routing to ground
– Addresses from ground subnet (e.g. control center)
• Defined space address space (who administers it)
– Divided up into groups, each with its home agent (billing and
security issues)
• What can IPv6 do for us (S/C MAC address
combined with other addresses
• Intra-spacecraft routing
– Direct between different spacecraft
– Down to ground, around, and back up
• Express pallet
Random IP Addressing Thoughts
• Routing based on predicted orbit/ground station
knowledge
• Ground backbone relative to space nodes and
routing table maintenance (OSPF, BGP, EGP, IS-IS,
MOSPF, AODV, DSR, MANET)
• How do multiple levels of security interact with routing
knowledge
• Are link establishment issues (e.g. MAC addresses,
link negotiation, transmit/rcv status) separate ???
More Random Thoughts
• Knowing addresses of other spacecraft
(name/address mapping)
– simple hosts file
– DNS
– DDNS
• Very Secure agents to help sort out routing and
network status (probably at application layer to allow
for better authentication)
• Mobile IP triangular routing issues
• VLAN on board spacecraft and bridge traffic to it
(bad)
• Does ARP exist in any of these scenarios ???
• Fault tolerance and automatic failover issues with
respect to addressing and routing
Network Management
• SNMP for monitoring and managing
– Ground based
– Onboard based
– What about over the space link (SNMP probably not very
efficient bitwise)
• XML
• Industrial solutions
• Troubleshooting use (why am I not getting my data)
– How do IP addresses allocation schemes help or hinder this
– Who controls the routers (IONET, mission, spacecraft)
Initial Simple Scenario
IP addressable interface
Mass
Store
A
B
C
Mass
Store
Cmd & Data
Handling
1
2
1553
LAN
x
Router/
Bridge
LAN
End User
HDLC
Crypt
Code
Mod
RF/
Optic
Router
Transmitter/
Receiver
HDLC
Transmitter/
Receiver
Crypt
Code
Mod
RF/
Optic
Bit
Store
Ether
Time
Server
Mass
Store
NTP
S&Fwd
Time
Store
Ethernet Hub/Switch
Network
Mass
Store
User
Advanced Operational Scenario
IP addressable interface
Mass
Store
A
B
C
Mass
Store
Cmd & Data
Handling
1
2
1553
LAN
x
Router/
Bridge
LAN
End User
HDLC
Crypt
Code
Mod
RF/
Optic
Router
Transmitter/
Receiver
HDLC
Transmitter/
Receiver
Crypt
Code
Mod
Ether
Mass
Store
NTP
S&Fwd
Time
Store
Ethernet Hub/Switch
Bit
Store
RF/
Optic
HDLC
Time
Server
Ether
Time
Server
Mass
Store
NTP
S&Fwd
Time
Store
Ethernet Hub/Switch
Network
Mass
Store
User
Future Complex Scenario
Mass
Store
IP addressable interface
Space
Routier
Node
Mass
Store
A
B
C
Mass
Store
Cmd & Data
Handling
1
2
1553
LAN
x
Router/
Bridge
LAN
End User
HDLC
Crypt
Code
Mod
RF/
Optic
Router
Transmitter/
Receiver
HDLC
One-to-many
or
Many-to-many
Transmitter/
Receiver
Crypt
Code
Mod
Ether
Mass
Store
NTP
S&Fwd
Time
Store
Ethernet Hub/Switch
Bit
Store
RF/
Optic
HDLC
Time
Server
Ether
Time
Server
Mass
Store
NTP
S&Fwd
Time
Store
Ethernet Hub/Switch
Network
Mass
Store
User