Transcript PPT - Internet Educational Equal Access Foundation

The Internet Educational Equal Access Foundation
IEEAF Global Quilt
High speed links to Western Africa's coastal
countries
International Workshop on African Research & Education Networking
Geneva, Switzerland
September 25-27, 2005
Dr. Donald R. Riley
Chair, IEEAF (www.ieeaf.org)
SURA IT Fellow
Professor, Decision Information Technologies
Robert H. Smith School of Business
University of Maryland, College Park
Tel 301-405-8855; Fax 301-405-8655
Home Office/Mobile: 240-683-4564
[email protected]
Extending High Bandwidth Performance
Internet Connectivity to the African
Research and Education Community
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What’s the real target? What are the
important strategic issues?
• Is it just about the Internet? Or Internet2? NGI?
• Are universities just consumers/customers?
• Or are universities the cornerstone of “knowledge
society” and “globalization”? Of both the human
infrastructure and economic development via new
technology development and transfer?
• Are we aiming for the future?
• Or just for today or yesterday? In other words, to
always be behind?
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Bandwidth Divide for Africa
• International Connectivity is poor
• Internet cost is very high
• Satellite access limits what can be undertaken because
of latencies and asymmetrical characteristics (assumes
Africa is user of, not generator of, new information)
• Significant barriers to access to information and
resources, modern education, collaboration, research,
funding opportunities
• Dedicated NRENs are few
• Internet2 access is almost non-existent
• Human infrastructure is not being developed at
rate needed
• The gap is widening
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By all measures, Africa is behind
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Sample Bandwidth Costs for African
Universities
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Trends in Internet Troughput
S.E. Europe, Russia: catching up
Latin Am., Mid East, China: keeping up
India, Africa: falling behind
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Loss to Africa (example of
variability)
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Africa Derived Throughput
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Round Trip Transmission Times
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Development and Spread of Internet2 (NGI)
• U.S. Internet2 effort launched in 1996
• Represents R&D for “Next Generation Internet”
• Has become international development effort with
• International Partners in 43 Countries
• NRENs: National Research and Education Networks
• Plus development of Regional Backbones (Europe with
GEANT/DANTE, South America with CLARA, APAN in Asia Pacific)
• Represents significant economic development
resource
• Not much happening in Africa
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Internet2: International Partners
Internet2 International Partner Organizations and Networks
Internet2 has formed peer-level relationships with organizations outside the U.S. who have projects
similar to Internet2 in scope and objectives. Internet2 currently partners with over 40 of these
international organizations and networks.
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Map of International GLIF Initiative:
Global Lambda Integrated Facility
www.glif.is
25 Sept. 2005
Visualization courtesy of
Bob Patterson, NCSA.
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Public-Private Partnership: IEEAF
• The Internet Educational Equal Access Foundation
(IEEAF) is a partnership between the Research
and Education Community and the Private Sector
whose goal is to obtain donations of international
bandwidth to enable a global collaboration in
research and education.
• Current donations have already linked US and
Europe, and US and Asia-Pacific.
• This bandwidth helps enable global collaborations
in research and education, in the true spirit of the
Global Quilt Initiative.
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IEEAF Vision: The Global Quilt
A Network of Networks, “stitched together” to
create a common single fabric, and shared
equally by all. This will be achieved through
collaboration and community effort, until it
covers the globe.
The IEEAF has no boundaries of “home”
territory…..
"Non Nobis Solo"
(Not by ourselves alone)
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IEEAF Global Quilt Initiative
9300 km
10 Gbps l
+ 622 Mbps
7600 km
10 Gbps l
+ 622 Mbps
17 Time Zones
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IEEAF Donation Summary
• 10 Gbps l (OC-192 wavelength) plus separate 622 Mbps STM-1.
• New York - London - Groningen (Netherlands)
• Seattle - Tokyo
• Fiber pair: from Tyco Cable Station Groningen to Amsterdam, and
to Hamburg co-location facility
• Fiber pair: Hamburg facility to 379 Weinderstrasse carrier hotel,
where “German rings” meet
• Fiber pair: UK
• 8,000 miles of trans-USA fiber donated by AT&T to the
Southeastern Universities Research Association (SURA) as
SURA-IEEAF partnership
• Submarine bandwidth under discussion:
• To Lisbon
• UK-Bilbao-Madrid-Valencia-Barcelona-Marseilles
• To Copenhagen and St. Petersburg
• To Singapore, Thailand, India
• A new 10 gigabyte trans-Atlantic connectivity which GEO will use
specifically for telemedicine and HEP initiatives.
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More Donations Pending
• The IEEAF is currently in negotiations for multiple pending
donations that if successfully concluded will double the size
of the Global Quilt Initiative and span all time zones.
• Negotiations for donations are being supported by a global
community of Research and Education Visionaries:
• to Southeast Asia
• in Eastern Europe
• to Scandinavian/Nordic countries
• to Africa
• to India and South Asia
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Partnerships Create Donations
• We’re here to help any community trying to
establish educational networks
• We’re successful because of the partnerships
with leaders who share our vision
• It’s the partnerships that make it happen.
Joining hands completes the ring…..
• A network of networks....
• Community to community and village to village...
• The Global Quilt
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IEEAF Partnership with WIDE
•
Jun Murai, Keio University and WIDE Project:
•
•
•
Asset Steward of IEEAF Trans-Pacific Link from Seattle to Tokyo
Established open Tokyo Lambda Exchange (T-LEx)
Extending beyond Tokyo
Geographical Map of Dark
Fiber for IEEAF in Japan
(as of Oct. 2003)
To IEEAF/US
Connected site
DF
10Gbps over
SONET/SDH
To: JAIST
To Korea
JAIST
Univ. of Tokyo
NTT/KDD
TITECH
To: Osaka
Osaka
Kyushu
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NAIST
To IEEAF/Asia (in plan)
KEIO SFC
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Thailand Regional Initiative: Next Generation Internet
Announced by H.E.Dr. Surapong Suebwonglee,
Minister of ICT, Thailand
January 26, 2005
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SOI and WIDE
NSF Funding for International Research Network
Connections (IRNC)
• NSF funding new links from U.S. to
International R&E Networks
(2.5 to 10 Gbps “lambdas”)
•
•
•
•
•
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To Europe
To Asia-Pacific
To South America
To China and Russia
Nothing to Africa
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International Connectivity,
Open R&E Exchanges, and
International Peerings
N.America
Europe
Japan
S.America
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AtlanticWave:
linking US East
Coast International
Exchanges
• IEEAF partnering with SURA, FIUAMPATH-WHREN, MAX, SoX/SLR,
Internet2/MANLAN, and the Academic
Network of Sao Paulo (ANSP) to establish
AtlanticWave
• AtlanticWave is an International Peering
Fabric along the East Coast
• US, Canada, Europe, South America
Plus….
• Distributed IP peering points:
• NYC, WDC, ATL, MIA, SPB
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IEEAF and Africa
• May 2004: Asked by NSF if IEEAF techniques
could work in Africa
• November 2005: In partnership with Internews,
received small grant from NSF to do feasibility
study and develop plan for “Extending High
Bandwidth Academic and Research Networking to
Africa” to support US-Africa research
collaborations
• John Mack, J.L. Mack and Associates
U.S. State Dept. (retired)
• George Sadowsky, Internews Network and Internet Society
New York University (retired)
• Don Riley, Univ. of Maryland, Chair, IEEAF
• Ed Fantegrossi, CEO, Geographic Network Affiliates (GEO) and
IEEAF board
• Don Benton, GEO
• Tom Durkin, GEO
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IEEAF and Africa
• January 2005: co-chaired NSF workshop on “I.T.
for Enhancing US-Africa Collaboration on the
Environment”
• February 2005: team visit to Senegal, Ghana
• May 2005: Co-organized IEEAF-Internet2
Worshop on “Enhancing R&E Networking
Connectivity to and within Africa”
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January NSF Workshop
“I.T. for Enhancing US-Africa Collaboration on the
Environment”
• Attendees: US and African researchers, US
Internet2 community, some US agencies and
foundations
• Major conclusion:
• Both the quantity and quality of research collaborations
are significantly limited by lack of adequate international
connectivity and related infrastructure within country and
on campus.
• Data generated in and about Africa typically put on
servers in US and Europe because of African bandwidth
issues. So African researchers have poor and
expensive access to data from and about Africa.
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May IEEAF-Internet2 Workshop
Enhancing R&E Networking Connectivity to and
within Africa
• Participating organizations: NSF, National Library of Medicine,
World Bank, Rockefeller Foundation, Carnegie Corporation,
IDRC, NSRC, E-Africa Commission, National Knowledge
Commission of India, TENET, Internet2, IEEAF and others.
• Assessment of the situation
• Connectivity for universities and other R&E institutions is
sparse, unreliable, expensive, and low capacity; it needs to
be dense, reliable, cheap, and higher capacity. Due to the
current state of development of applications and usage, it
doesn't yet need to be at the same level as currently being
implemented in the US, Europe and the Asia-Pacific region.
• There are many African and international initiatives in this
area. There is a need to take stock of all these initiatives and
to develop better mechanisms to share information,
coordinate activities to create a more comprehensive and
inclusive plan, set priorities, and reduce duplication and
gaps.
• Its essential to ensure that Africans are included and active in
setting the agenda.
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May IEEAF-Internet2 Workshop
Enhancing R&E Networking Connectivity to and
within Africa
What the global R&E networking community can do:
• Recognize that the situation is one of mutual need. Because
of African R&E's dire need for connectivity and Africa's
importance to global R&E, global R&E is an ideal constituency to
help push African R&E networking forward.
• Bring people together. There was strong interest in regular
meetings and follow-up workshops, with a view toward
coordinating projects, building relationships with African R&E,
and better understanding African networking priorities.
• Jump-start the private sector. The private sector must be
central to the development of African R&E networking, but can't
do it alone. Projects should aim to encourage the growth of, and
competition among, commercial Internet providers.
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May IEEAF-Internet2 Workshop
Enhancing R&E Networking Connectivity
to and within Africa
What the global R&E networking community can do (cont’d)
• Help build NRENs and regional consortia in Africa. NRENs
play a unique role in development of R&E connectivity and
capabilities. They are a proven model on the international scene
in promoting and moving forward the needed infrastructure and
expertise in both developed and developing countries.
• Focus on capacity-building on African campuses. African
universities should play a unique role in developing the human
infrastructure required for an “information society” – as they have
in other countries. Development of needed campus networks
and NRENs is a key component of providing actual experience in
designing, building, and operating modern communications
networks.
• Keep the larger perspective. R&E is key to development of the
Internet more generally (the original NSFnet model, as well as
multiple examples in other countries), and the Internet is key to
African development more generally. Accordingly, we should look
for projects in areas related to R&E that have potential for wider
impact, above all in the health sector.
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AFRICAN GLOBAL QUILT INITIATIVE COLLABORATION
INTERNET EDUCATIONAL EQUAL ACCESS FOUNDATION (IEEAF)
“Significant Broadband Access”
Enables
“Significant International Collaboration in
Research and Education”
Leads To
“Empowerment and Economic Development”
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AFRICAN GLOBAL QUILT INITIATIVE COLLABORATION
INTERNET EDUCATIONAL EQUAL ACCESS FOUNDATION (IEEAF)
ThaiREN
WHREN
IEEAF Donations – 10 Gig and STM-4 – 17 Time Zones
Tokyo
Hamburg
African Collaboration Initiative
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AFRICAN GLOBAL QUILT INITIATIVE COLLABORATION
INTERNET EDUCATIONAL EQUAL ACCESS FOUNDATION (IEEAF)
“Significant Broadband Access”
Enables
“Significant International Collaboration in Research and Education”
Leads To
“Empowerment and Economic Development”
The Issues:
• In-Country “PTT Protectionist” Issues
• Local Domestic Politics
• Consortium Submarine Cable Operators “Seasoned
Monopoly”
• Missing International Business Drivers
• Sustainability
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AFRICAN GLOBAL QUILT INITIATIVE COLLABORATION
INTERNET EDUCATIONAL EQUAL ACCESS FOUNDATION (IEEAF)
“Significant Broadband Access”
Enables
“Significant International Collaboration in Research and Education”
Leads To
“Empowerment and Economic Development”
The Plan: • Bring to bear our experience with public-private
partnership and “17 time zones of critical mass success
in bandwidth donations.”
• Add a team with “historical knowledge of projects,
participants and government relationships.”
• Team together “International Telecom Knowledge” and
their Relationships with “global multinational telecom
opportunities and barter.”
• “Establish the beach head – Set-up Hub and
Spoke Design” -- the first Quilt patch.
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AFRICAN GLOBAL QUILT INITIATIVE COLLABORATION
INTERNET EDUCATIONAL EQUAL ACCESS FOUNDATION (IEEAF)
STEP ONE:
Submarine Cable Landing Site
To
First University Asset Steward
Exchange Point
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AFRICAN GLOBAL QUILT
INITIATIVE COLLABORATION
STRATEGIC PLAN:
Step One
Leverage NSF funding for link to Africa
• Submarine Cable Plan from Amsterdam to Portugal to
Senegal and Ghana
• Terrestrial Fiber plan solution from CHE to University TEP
• WiMAX to extend access around University TEP
• Collaboration with defined African Research Initiatives
Step Two
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• Asset Steward Hub and Spoke to neighboring country
design project
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AFRICAN GLOBAL QUILT INITIATIVE COLLABORATION
INTERNET EDUCATIONAL EQUAL ACCESS FOUNDATION (IEEAF)
International
and National
Neutral
Exchange
Facility
U
Donated
Backhaul
Dark Fiber
IEEAF Asset Steward
Technology Exchange
Point (TEP)
TEP
R&E
Community
H
Global Telemedicine
Initiatives
Second Phase
of donator’s
network to
neighboring
countries
Global
Medical
Research
Exchange
(GMRE)
Telecom Neutral
Key
U University
H Hospital
25 Sept. 2005
Submarine
Cablehead
End Building
Fiber
Donators
Facility
Space
Carrier
Neutral
Exchange
Facility
Exchange
U
Content Services
Servicing African
R&E Institutions
and Government
Projects
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AFRICAN GLOBAL QUILT INITIATIVE COLLABORATION
INTERNET EDUCATIONAL EQUAL ACCESS FOUNDATION (IEEAF)
STEP TWO:
HUB AND SPOKE EXPANSIONS:
Border country telecom donations “linking”
back to the newly established international
exchange point with IEEAF ‘‘University
Asset Steward’’ at sub-cable landing
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AFRICAN GLOBAL QUILT INITIATIVE COLLABORATION
INTERNET EDUCATIONAL EQUAL ACCESS FOUNDATION (IEEAF)
Step Two
Country B
Country D
U
H
Step Two
U
H
Country C
U
U
Country A
Step Two
Key
U University
25 Sept. 2005
H Hospital
Country E
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AFRICAN GLOBAL QUILT INITIATIVE COLLABORATION
INTERNET EDUCATIONAL EQUAL ACCESS FOUNDATION (IEEAF)
U
U
H
H
U
Country C
Country B
Donated
Backhaul
Country B
Step Two
U
Telco Fiber Network
Country A
Second Phase of
Donator’s
Network to
neighboring
countries
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Country A
…Cable Head End
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AFRICAN GLOBAL QUILT INITIATIVE COLLABORATION
INTERNET EDUCATIONAL EQUAL ACCESS FOUNDATION (IEEAF)
SAT 3
MOROCCO
EMC
EMCTUNISIA
ALGERIA
WESTERN
SAHARA
Mediterranean Sea
EMC
LIBYA
EMC
EGYPT
SAUDI
Red ARABIA
Sea
MAURITANIA
NIGER
MALI
CHAD
SENEGAL
TEP
* Niamey
SUDAN
Bamako
THE
BURKINA
GAMBIA
FASO
GUINEA
GUINEA
NIGERIA
BISSAU
SIERRA
IVORY
Lagos
CENTRAL
LEONE
COAST TEP
AFRICAN
Ile-ife
CAMEROON
LIBERIA
U
REPUBLIC
Entrea
A
A
B
A
University
EQUATORIAL
GUINEA
South
Atlantic
DANTE
EUMEDCONNECT
EMC
Yaounde
DJIBOUTI
ETHIOPIA
A
SOMALIA
UGANDA
A A
CONGO
B
KENYA
A
GABON
RWANDA
Mombasa
BURUNDI
A
DEMOCRATIC
ANGOLA
UAE
TANZANIA
REP. Of Congo
A
B
MALAWI
ANGOLA
Ocean
NAMIBIA
B
ZAMBIA
B
Dares
Salaam
ABeira
MOZAMBIQUE
ZAMBABWE
B
Indian
Ocean
EASSY
A
MADAGASCAR
World Bank
Regional
Communications
Infrastructure
Program (“RCIP”)
Countries A
TEP
BOTSWANA
BB
LESOTHO
SOUTH
AFRICA
Countries B
Capita
TEP
SWAZILAND
Indian
Ocean
SAFE
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AFRICAN GLOBAL QUILT INITIATIVE COLLABORATION
INTERNET EDUCATIONAL EQUAL ACCESS FOUNDATION (IEEAF)
“Significant Broadband Access”
Leads To
“Empowerment and Economic Development”
The Invitation:
• Invite the R&E community starting from today to
stand with us for a “FINAL PUSH”
• “Alignment”…
… Our combined weight, pushing in a single
direction, will burst open the “Access
Doorways” for our African Colleagues
The End Result……… Broadband for Research Project Collaborations
equals “Empowerment and Economic
Development”
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THE
GLOBAL
QUILT