Transcript Network Components [P3, P4]

BTEC IT Unit 09 - Lesson 07
Network Components
Mr C Johnston
ICT Teacher
www.computechedu.co.uk
Session Objectives
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Understand the different categories of network components
which are required to build a network,
Be able to explain the key components from each category
required to build a network.
Network Component Categories
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When building a network, the components used fall into a
number of different categories,
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Network devices
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Interconnection devices
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Used to create a link between the network devices and interconnection
devices
Software
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Hardware which connects the network devices users use together so they
can talk to each other
Connectors and cabling
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Hardware which users make use of on the network
Installed / embedded into network and interconnection devices, so users
can access network services and administrators can manage.
Several components will be needed from each category in
order for the network to operate.
Content To Cover
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For P3 and P4 you need to explain the purpose, features and functions of
the following network components
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Network devices:
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Interconnection devices:
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Types of WAN connection (leased line; dedicated line; ADSL; DSL; cable broadband;
mobile technology) media types eg STP, Category 5, 6; 7; coaxial, UTP, fibre optic;
wireless; cable/connection standards, patch panels, face plates,
Software:
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equipment eg router, hub, switch, wireless access points, gateway, bridge, repeater,
Connectors and cabling:
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workstations; servers eg print, mail, file, web, proxy; others eg network interface
cards (NIC), printers, UPS, NAS
network operating system (client / server); virus checker; firewall; other
communication software eg email client; web browsers; ftp; network utilities
(monitoring, management, fault finding); embedded web interfaces, network card
drivers;
Commercial systems:
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software eg Mac OSX, Linux, Windows, Citrix
P3 and P4 Requirements
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P3 requires you to make some notes which explain the key
components for connection to network systems and show that
you can apply them,
P4 requires you to make some notes which explain the
function of interconnection devices.
Perhaps present your notes in a table creating a detailed
entry for each component and draw and application diagram.
Category
Name
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Purpose
Features and
Functions
Picture
BTEC Book – Unit 09 p11(start at chapter 2) - 18
P3 – Explain the key components required for client workstations to
connect to a network and access network resources
P4 – Explain the function of interconnection devices
•
Programming Constructs
For P3, learners are explaining the key components for connection to network
systems. This, along with the evidence for P4 (the function of interconnection
devices), could be produced as an information ‘leaflet’, which may be paper- or web
based. Use a diagram to show that understand the exact requirements for a client to
connect to a network.
Diagram to show key components required to access network resources
P3 / P4 Recap…..
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Need a EXPLAIN a range of network devices…. Explain means
give reasons. Key questions to answer:
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What device is and what does it do / allow to happen on the network,
Key features / specifications of the device – data transfer speed,
Why the device is needed,
How does the device work,
Any advantages and disadvantages of using this device.
Content to cover:
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Network devices
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Servers (as many as you can think of but certainly print, web, file, proxy,
mail, authentication)
Workstations (as many different types as you can think of)
Network cards (wired, wireless, pci / dongles)
Printers (ensure you talk about network printers only!!)
NAS
UPS
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Interconnecting Devices
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Connectors & Cabling
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Type of WAN connection (Leased line, Dedicated line, ADSL, DSL, cable,
mobile)
Types of cable and their connector – UTP / STP, Cat 5e, Cat 6, Cat 7, Coax
Fibre,
Cabling hardware – patch panels, rack cabinets, trunking, face plates,
Types of wireless connection,
Software
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Hub (active and passive) / Router / Switch / Bridge / Wireless Access Point
/ Repeater / Gateway
Network operating system – for servers, for clients,
Network card driver
Network utilities
Application software so can make use of the network and keep network
secure
Firmware and embedded software
Commercial systems:
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software eg Mac OSX, Linux, Windows, Citrix
Network Components Notes
Network Devices
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Hardware which users make use of on the network
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Workstations / Clients
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Servers
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Allows access to the networks services,
Not necessarily a desktop PC or laptop anymore.
Powerful computers which provides the network with a service e.g. web,
email, authentication, print, file, network addressing (DNS / DHCP),
security,
Services provided depends on the software which is installed on the
machine,
Network card
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All devices which are to connect to the network need some form of
network card,
Depending on the type of network being used, may be able cable based
(UTP, Coax, Fibre), Wireless (802.11a/b/g/n), 3G/4G, Bluetooth.
Could be internal (built in) or dongle based.
Interconnection Devices
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Hardware which connects the network devices users use
together so they can talk to each other
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Hub
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Switch
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Used to connect different networks together,
Wireless Access Point
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Allows devices on a network to communicate with each other,
Uses switches inside to create a circuit between ports so devices
communicating with each other do so directly,
Router
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Allows devices on a network to communicate with each other,
Broadcasts data to every active port so that the correct device will receive
it,
Used to allow devices to connect wirelessly to the network,
Bridge
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Divides networks into segments – legacy device switches can do this much
easier by creating vLANS
Connectors and Cabling1
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Used to create a link between the network devices and
interconnection devices.
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Unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
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Shielded twisted pair (STP)
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4 sets of twisted pairs with an outer case
Speeds up to 1000mbps
Has RJ45 connector in the end#
4 sets of twisted pairs covered in foil then an outer case
Less prone to electrical interference than UTP so less data loss but is dearer
Speeds up to 1000mbps
Has RJ45 connector in the end
Coaxial Cable
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Solid copper cable covered in an insulating plastic case. The case is then
covered with a copper mesh which is all encased with another plastic
sleeve
Can be more rigid that UTP/STP but less interference
BNC (Bayonet Neill-Concelman) connector on the end
Connectors and Cabling2
- Fibre Optics
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Uses pulses of light rather than electrical signals to transmit
the data – therefore is immune to electrical interference,
The light is pulsed down hollow glass or plastic tubes – main
advantage is distance and speed - 14 Tera bits per second
over a single 160 km long optical fibre is the current record.
(http://www.ntt.co.jp/news/news06e/0609/060929a.html)
Cable Type
Connector
Overview
Fibre Optic Cable
SC (subscriber connector)
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or
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ST (straight tip)
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Hollow glass or plastic tube which light is pulsed down,
Has a protective cover to protect the light from
interference and is immune to electrical interference,
Glass can carry longer than plastic,
Can travel long distances and is fast
Expensive over short distances but very economical
over long
Connectors and Cabling3 Other Equipment
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Wall plates and trunking
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Used in rooms to ensure neat cabling
Workstations plug to wall plates using
a short cable,
Patch Panels
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Used in machine rooms to form a
connection between the cables which
come out of wall plates and the switch
Wall plate cables get brayed onto the
back of the patch panel, patch cables
(short network cables) go in the front
of the panel then into the switch.
Software1
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Installed / embedded into network and interconnection devices,
so users can access network services and administrators can
manage.
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Server operating system
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Network service software
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Installed on the server to provide additional services which were not included
with the Server OS e.g. media streaming, email
Workstation operating system
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Installed on the server and provides some services to the network,
Allows the client to access the network – will need to include the protocol
suite being used on the network,
Drivers for the network cards,
Security software,
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Antivirus and firewall to help maintain security of the network
Software2
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Application software
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Installed on the workstations to allow users to perform tasks and access
the services provided by the network e.g. Web browsers, FTP clients,
email clients, media players,
Embedded software
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Control panels built into printers and other interconnection devices to help
administrators manage them – usually HTML based.