Transcript Information and communication from Coffee Houses to Cybercafes

Information and communication
from Coffee Houses to
Cybercafes
James Stewart
University of Edinburgh
From Data ….
How much Information 1999: School of Information Management and Systems at the University of
California at Berkeley.
…to Information
Manuscript
Book
Chapter
Volume
Poem
Newspaper
Letter
Article
Advert
Column
Novel
Pamphlet
Letter
Postcard
Poster
Memo
Report
Order
Article
Thesis
Diary
Invitation
Writers
Readers
Reviewers
Librarians
Printers
Editors
Bibliographer
Binder
Illustrator
Sellers
Distributors
Postal service
Publishers
….
Text (and Image)
New Media
2 hour movie
30sec advert
1/2 hour programme
News bulletin
Interview
Live report
TV station
24 hour news station
Special interest channel
Soap opera
Home movies
Video
WebPage
Website
Newsgroup
Email
Chat
Links page
Weblog
Portal
Interactive
Webcam
Database
Search engine
Video/audio stream
Banner Ad
Metadata
URL
SMS
Radio station
Radio show
45 rpm single
LP/CD
Advert
Jingle
Radio Play
Audio Book
Phone call
….to knowledge
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Construction and application of information
Social process of knowledge development
Knowledge workers, ‘elites’
Knowledge includes how to deal with information
The Internet
• Changes the way we engage with ideas
and people
• Offers new possibilities and challenges to
individuals and communities
• Create new information and knowledge
activties
• Still in infancy
Communication and information
• Most communication is affective not informational
• Information makes its way though these
relationships
• Construction of knowledge
• Need local experts in subjects and technologies
• Information junkies:
– Early adopters of internet high media users
• The Entertainment monster!
The Internet
Technical layer
Human, social or
Institutional Layer
‘Content’ Layer
Governance Layer
Infrastructure
Physical networks of computers, routers, switches, hubs and cables
Protocols and standards
TCP/IP, application protocols running over TCP/IP or supporting TCP/IP, configurational
“platforms”, emerging p-to-p systems.
Applications
e-mail server/client, web server/client, distributed databases, transaction systems.
Users
Individuals, (personal users, ‘work’ users), institutional users, network companies, content
and application providers. Real and virtual communities.
Development
Content developers, technology developers, infrastructure developers, volunteer and paid
developers
Finance
User institutions, Public (government, universities), network companies, broadcasters,
service companies, financial markets.
Regulators/ Governance
Users, user institutions, government, commercial network owners, NGOs
Type of Data ‘Multimedia’
Structured data, unstructured (text), images, video, audio, interactive applications etc
Type of format
Web Page, music archive, interactive e-commerce site, chat room, e-mail, bulletin board,
encrypted transaction, streaming radio station, short video clips, surveillance/monitoring data
Generic Type of use
Data interchange, human voice or video communication, server storage, one to many
(broadcasting, narrow casting), many to many (community, or market), remote data gathering
Specific use
Political activism, supply chain management, on-line selling, music broadcasting etc
Ownership regulation
Ownership of networks, control of content, closed/open networks,
Use regulation/promotion
Appropriate use, universal access, controlled use, legal use
Interconnection regulation
Open, closed, commercial, peer to peer,
Content regulation/promotion
Copyright, Data protection, censorship, freedom of information/speech
Mode of governance
Applied to operation and to development. anarchic, oligarchic, democratic, market,
governmental, commercial
Adoption and Use Development
• Start with communication and personal
consumption
• Build skills and comfort
• Open possibilities of special information
and communication use
• Creation and participation central
• We all write the internet
Places and Spaces
• Both Solitary and social use of media and
information
• Places to access, to communicate and to
develop knowledge
• Physical spaces
• Virtual spaces