Transcript How can we conceptualize the Internet Governance

Mapping Internet Governance
By Kenneth Neil Cukier
The Economist
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It was bad.
Source: John December, 1994, CyberMap Landmarks
(from Atlas of Cyberspace)
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More helpful.
Source: Donna Cox & Robert Patterson, NCSA 1992
(Also from Atlas of Cyberspace)
Question:
How do you “map” the landscape of
policy issues -- Governance! -- where
the “infrastructure” is even less
tangible and more abstract?
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This and the following two slides from Diplo Foundation, 2004.
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This sucks!
Mapping Internet Governance
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What is Internet governance?
How is it done today?
What are some of the problems?
What are some of the proposed solutions?
What might work best?
How can we conceptualize the “space”?
Jon Postel, 1943-1998
What is Internet governance?
• Content versus carriage (what is transported
(versus how it works)
MP3 : DNS
• Control from top-down or bottom-up
(centralized or decentralized networks and
thus policy)
telecoms : internet
____________________________________
• ICANN
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How is it done today?
Cyberspace v. Sovereignty
• UK RIP, US PATRIOT, The Great Firewall
of China, etc.
• WTO, OECD, UNCITRAL, etc.
• ICANN (DOC, previously DOD/NSF &
academia and industry)
What are some of the problems?
• Developing countries object (want forum)
• Industrializing nations object (want more
influence)
• Western countries reluctant (wary if
unilateral power, want multilateralism)
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• US relinquishes direct power -- provided
private sector to ensure internet innovation
Source: i-dns.net
What are some of the proposed
solutions?
• Give it to the UN
• Keep things as they are with US in control
• Find a “third-way”: (is it really an either/or
situation?)
___________________________________
• World Summit on the Info. Soc. (Nov 2005)
What might work best?
• Multi-stakeholder approach where power is
shared but no one entity is in control.
(eg: government, industry, civil society, etc. )
• One model: “global financial architecture”
How can we conceptualize the
Internet Governance “space”?
The Seven Layers of
Communications Architecture
7 -- Application
6 -- Presentation
5 -- Session
4 -- Transport
3 -- Network
2 -- Data Link
1 -- Physical
Thus: A “layered” model to
Internet Governance…?
The Network Layers Model
You are
here!
Political
Economic
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Link
Physical
Popular t-shirt worn by Internet engineers at IETF meetings in the 1990s
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This and the following two slides from: D. MacLean 2004
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Yet it can still be cloudy!
Source: Milton Mueller, 2004
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Source: Tom Vest of Packet Clearing House, 2004.
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The Geography of Internet Address Space
Source: Martin Dodge and Narushige Shiode, 1998
(From Atlas of Cyberspace)
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IP address space allocation distribution by country
From: Jacques H.J. Bourgeois, Jacques Crémer, and Pierre Marsal, 2003.
Before we need our King Solomons
and Tallyrands…
We need our Edward Tuftes
and Martin Dodges!
The persistence
of governance and
law in the face of
science and technology…
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US Customs form
Apollo 11 (1969)
From: the moon
Thank you
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