Transcript HTM304-3-Computer-Basics

Introduction to Management Information Systems
Chapter 1 & 3 Summary and Review
HTM 304
Fall 07
Chapter 1: MIS Basic Concepts
Basic concepts
Management Information Systems: -- The development and use of
information systems to achieve business goals and objectives
Information Systems: -- A group of components that produces
information
Information: -- 4 different definitions, use to determine information or
data:
Microsoft’s stock costs $43.5 per share (data)
The average wait time for a customer at a call center (information)
Information is relative. One person’s information may become another
person’s data.
Information System Research: How to design the system, which can:
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a)
take the raw data and process them into the information (all business majors)
b)
provide the decision maker good information so as to make the
right decision  achieve business goals and objectives
Chapter 1 Continue
Good Information
Good information helps decision maker make the right decision
General Guidelines: SMART
Example:
The average temperature on the surface of the moon would
probably not be good information for a financial analyst, because
it may violate which of the following characteristics of good
information?
a. just sufficient.
b. timely.
c. relevant.
d. accurate.
e. worth its money
Chapter 1 Components of Information Systems
Five components
Memorize the five components
Give examples of the five components
E.g. songs downloaded from itune store is an example of the
________ component.
From the five components’ point of view, what is the network /
Internet?
Which is the most important one among those five?
Chapter 3: Computer Basics
Basic Logical Operation: And, Or, Not…
Binary System:
How to count?
How to convert?
Question:
1.
What does “bit” stand for?
2.
Given a binary number, how to judge whether the number is odd
or even?
Binary Numeral System
Computers represent data using binary
digits, called bits.
Bits are used for computer data because
they are easy to represent physically.
Direction of Magnetism, etc.
Some old time machines:
(watch the video clip and answer
questions)
Computers use bits for two purpose:
Instruction
For example:
a sequence 0111100010001110 means
adding two numbers together.
Data
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Computer Data
Bits are grouped into 8-bit chunks called bytes.
What is the largest value for a byte?
Example 1: Color.
Many software applications use 3 Bytes (24bits) to represent
color. RGB Value
Windows System: 32 bits.
Example 2: IP address.
Example 3: Characters (ASCII Table)
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Exercise:
Computer A is broadcasting its IP address 192.3.28.29 to
the network. How the electric signals are sent via the
network? Draw the square wave.
Binary Sequence
11000000 00000000 0001110 00011101
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Important Storage-Capacity Terminology
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Ambiguity of Binary Data
A binary sequence 0100 0001 can be used to represent
both decimal value 65 and the character A
How to convert between upper case letters and lower case
letters?
Case sensitive?
This ambiguity is more than curiosity; virus authors and
other cyber-criminal use it to their advantage.
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A simple example of encryption
E.g. Reverse the logic on the 1st and 3rd bits from the right
Letters
Bytes
Encrypted
Code
Encrypted
Letter
“H”
0100 1000
0100 1101
M
“e”
0110 0101
0110 0000
`
“l”
0110 1100
0110 1001
i
“l”
0110 1100
0110 1001
i
“o”
0110 1111
0110 1010
j
Exercise
Handout Set 5
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Exercise
Handout Set 5
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Summary
Learning Binary to understand more about computer
Logic Operations: AND, OR, NOT
Count Binaries
Conversion: binary  decimal, decimal  binary
Binary addition (not required)
Use bytes to represent information
1 byte = ? bits
Check ASCII table for information
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Field Study Assignment
Read the handout and Chapter 3
Find your group member
Prepare a presentation to address the questions in the
handout.
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