Transcript Chapter 2

Chapter Two
Introduction to Information Technology
Prepared by: Eman Amer
Computer Performance
Factors that affect the performance of the Processor or (CPU):
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
CPU clock speed
RAM size
Hard disk speed
Hard disk storage
Hard disk space (free space)
Multitasking
Prepared by: Eman A. Amer
Computer Performance
1) CPU clock speed:
 Clock speed
means how many instructions the processor can
execute in one second.
 It is measured in megahertz or gigahertz.
 One megahertz equals to one million cycles per second,
 One gigahertz equals one billion cycles per second.
 if you have a higher clock speed, your computer will work more
faster.
Prepared by: Eman A. Amer
Computer Performance
2) RAM size
if you use more of RAM size , system speed will drop down.
3) Hard disk speed
Disk access time, is measured in milliseconds.
if this access time is smaller, then the hard disk will store, or retrieve
data more faster.
4) Hard disk storage
The disk storage capacity is measured in Gigabytes.
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Computer Performance
5) Hard disk space (free space)
More hard disk space, the computer will be more faster.
6) Multitasking
- Means run more than one program at a time.
- The more programs that are running at the same time, the system
will be more slower.
Examples:
a) Playing racing games such as Need for Speed.
b) Editing a large high definition video for instance can take up a lot of
CPU time.
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Workgroup Computing
Workgroup: groups of people working together so they can share their
resources with each other.
People within the workgroup can:
- Share information on their hard disks.
- Sharing printers, modems and scanners.
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Workgroup Computing
Workgroup can consist of:
- a few computers at a single location connected physically to each
other via a network cable.
OR
- it may be a workgroup of computers connected globally via the
Internet.
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Workgroup Computing
Advantages of workgroup computing:
1.
2.
3.
There is no reliance on a central computer.
No need for a network administrator as long as the members of the
workgroup have the authority and access right to share data with
other members.
Cost savings
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Workgroup Computing
Disadvantages of workgroup computing:
1.
Sharing files on your PC with other people, can slow down the
running of your PC.
2.
The security of the computer network may not be that good.
3.
You may give total access to the files on your PC, which may then
be damaged or even deleted, by other members of the workgroup.
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Internet, Intranet and Extranet
intranet
Extranet
Internet
An intranet is a private
computer network that
uses Internet Protocol
technologies to
securely share any part
of an organization's
information or
operational systems
within that organization.
An extranet is a private
network that uses
Internet protocols,
network connectivity. An
extranet can be viewed
as part of a company's
intranet that is extended
to users outside the
company, usually via
the Internet.
The Internet is a global
system of
interconnected
computer networks that
use the standard
Internet Protocol Suite
(TCP/IP) to serve
billions of users
worldwide.
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Internet, Intranet and Extranet
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Broadband vs. Dial-up Internet
connection services
Broadband
Dial-up
You are permantly connected to the You need to dial up your ISP,
internet
whenever you want to connect to
the internet
You will be charged every month
You will be charged every second
that you connect to the internet
The speed depends on how much
you pay to your provider, but in
general the internet access is fast.
Internet access is very slow
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The use of IT in everyday life
Computers are more appropriate than people in some areas such as:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Repetitive tasks.
Easily automated tasks.
Mathematical calculations.
Dangerous situations.
The use of IT in everyday life
There are some uses of large-scale computer applications in education such as:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Student registration and timetabling.
Computer Based Training (CBT.
Using the Internet as a homework resource.
Distance learning systems (E-learning is a term used to describe studying
via the Internet).
Tele-working
Tele-working is a broad term which refers to people working at home
connected to the rest of the organization via a computer network.
Advantages:
1) Flexible schedules.
2) Reduced office desk space requirements.
Disadvantages:
1) Negative impact on teamwork.
2) Self-discipline.
Information Security
Information security is a general term which covers all aspects of
computer security. It covers:
1.
2.
3.
Protection against viruses and hackers.
Password and access control policies.
Procedures for the regular backing up of data.
Information Security
Be ware of the following:
1.
2.
3.
Do not give your password to anyone.
Do not write the password on a card or at any place.
Do not forget your passwords.
Information Security
Things that should be avoided to keep your computer work properly:
1) Dust.
2) Drinking and eating over the keyboard.
3) Heat, Cold.
4) Moisture.
5) Moving the system while it is switched on.
6) Placing objects on top of monitors.
7) Placing floppy disks near monitors.
Copyright and the Law
- Most programs which you purchase are copyrighted and you must not
copy them.
FAST (Federation Against Software Theft): one of organizations that is
dedicated to preventing the illegal copying of software.
Copyright and the Law
Types of software license agreements:
1) Freeware: software that is designed to let you use the product
freely.
2) Shareware: software that is designed to let you use the product
freely for a limited period of time.
3) Open source: software license that makes the programming code
available to anyone who wishes to enhance or develop the code.
Prepared by: Eman A. Amer