Transcript Chapter 2 The Growth of Tradex

CHAPTER 2 EXPLORING
THE AMERICAS
CHAPTER INTRODUCTION
• Please Read The Story
Matter on page 39 and
answer questions the 4
questions.
• When was Queen Isabella first
approached by Christopher
Columbus for money?
• Why did Queen Isabella ignore
Columbus at that time?
• What is one reason Isabella sent
Columbus to the new world?
• How does Isabella’s purpose relate
to Columbus’s request for funds for
his exploration? Explain your
answers
CHAPTER INTRODUCTION
• Let’s look at the
European nations that
took the first steps to
exploration.
CHAPTER INTRODUCTION
• Turn to page 40 and 41and look at
the map of those pages. Discuss the
two questions below with the
persons next to you.
• What was unique about Portugal’s
explorations?
• What can you infer about Portugal
from its explorations?
CHAPTER INTRODUCTION
• Name the European
Nations that were
involved in the first steps of
exploration?
GOOD MORNING\AFTERNOON SCHOLARS
• Please come in and get yourself
prepared for today.
• Write the agenda in your agenda
book and get your materials ready
to take notes.
• Thank you for cooperating and
being the scholars that you are.
SEARCHING FOR NEW TRADE ROUTES
• What kinds of equipment would you
need?
• What are the risks of such a
voyage?
• What would make people want to
make such a voyage anyway?
SEARCHING FOR NEW TRADE ROUTES
•Define Technology
•Refers to methods, systems, and
devices which are the results of
scientific knowledge being used
for practical purposes.
SEARCHING FOR NEW TRADE ROUTES
• You will use the graphic organizer to
the left to identify three reasons that
Europeans launched voyages of
exploration.
• Read silently to yourself Searching
for New Trade Routes on page 42
and Better Ships, Better Sailors on 42
and 43. We will have a class
discussion on this information.
SH
SEARCHING FOR NEW TRADE ROUTES
• Why did European countries compete
to find a sea route to the Indies?
• They wanted a sea route so they could
obtain spices.
• What were spices used for?
• To preserve food, as medicine, and for
flavoring.
• What kinds of technology would be
important to sailors who did not have all
the electronics devices of today?
• Devices to tell them where they were,
how far or fast they had traveled, and
in what direction they were heading.
SEARCHING FOR NEW TRADE ROUTES
• Carracks and Caravels
• How are the two ships different from
each other?
• Carracks are large and sturdy, and they
carry supplies, caravels were smaller and
could sail closer to shore.
SEARCHING FOR NEW TRADE ROUTES
• Compass
• Navigators discovered something
unusual in the 1100s. They found
that when a small magnetic needle
was suspended freely, it would
always point north. They used this
knowledge to create the first
compasses.
SEARCHING FOR NEW TRADE ROUTES
• Compasses work because the Earth
has a weak magnetic field. Lines of
magnetism run from the South Pole
to the North Pole. These lines cause
compass needles to point north.
Once that direction is known, it is
easy to figure out the other
directions.
SEARCHING FOR NEW TRADE ROUTES
• A simple compass, such as a pocket
compass, is a magnetic needle
suspended on a pin. There is a
round card beneath the needle
that indicates the four major
directions. Aligning the pin to the
north/south direction shows which
way the user is facing.
SEARCHING FOR NEW TRADE ROUTES
• Navigators from any age, including
modern times, recognize that the
compass is a more reliable
navigation tool than looking at the
sun or at stars. For one thing, a
compass can be used in any kind of
weather.
SEARCHING FOR NEW TRADE ROUTES
• Advances in technology have
greatly improved compasses since
the Age of Exploration. There are
floating compasses, digital
compasses, and many other types.
There are even electronic
compasses built into wristwatches.
SEARCHING FOR NEW TRADE ROUTES
• How did the astrolabe and the
quadrant help navigation?
• They measured the position of the
sun and the stars which helped
sailors locate themselves on the
open seas.
SEARCHING FOR NEW TRADE ROUTES
• On the index cards that I hand out,
put your name, date and period on
them and tell me what was the
Technology in the Age of
Exploration.
• Compass
• Carracks and Caravels
• Astrolabe
• Quadrant
REVIEW QUESTION
• Name the Technology used in the
Age of Exploration.
EXPLORING THE WORLD
• What is Spain’s primary language?
• What is England’s primary
language?
• Where might your see Spanish and
English influence in American place
names?
• Those countries in place names in
regions where they settled, such as
Spanish in New Mexico and English
in New England.
EXPLORING THE WORLD
• Why do you think Louisiana
was named after a French
King?
• The people there were
mostly from France at one
time. It was the practice to
name a city or a colony
after the ruler who made it
possible.
EXPLORING THE WORLD
• Who can guess what kind of names
Tallahassee and Mississippi are?
• Those are Native American names
• What can we concluded by looking
at the place names in our country?
• The history of the United States is the
history of Native Americans, and of
European settlers such as those from
Spain, England, and France.
EXPLORING THE WORLD
CHAPTER 2 LESSON 1 SEARCHING FOR NEW
TRADE ROUTES PAGES 43-46
• List the Achievements for the following explorers and
describe what the Columbian Exchange was
• Columbus
• Amerigo Vespucci
• Vasco Nunez de Balboa
• Ferdinand Magellan
• The Columbian Exchange
LIST THE ACHIEVEMENTS FOR THE FOLLOWING EXPLORERS AND
DESCRIBE WHAT THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE WAS
• Explored the New area called the
Caribbean
• Columbus made three more voyages
to the Caribbean 1493, 1498, and 1502
• He explored what is Hispaniola (present
day Haiti and the Dominican Republic),
Cuba, and Jamaica
• Sailed along the coasts of Central and
north South America
• Claimed the land for Spain and started
settlement. Mapped the coastline of
Central America.
LIST THE ACHIEVEMENTS FOR THE FOLLOWING EXPLORERS AND
DESCRIBE WHAT THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE WAS
• 1502 He sailed along South
America’s coast
• He concluded that South America
was a continent.
• Called the continent “America” to
honor him.
LIST THE ACHIEVEMENTS FOR THE FOLLOWING EXPLORERS AND
DESCRIBE WHAT THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE WAS
• 1513 Balboa found a body of water
beyond the mountains of Panama
in Central America.
• He claimed the land and body of
water for Spain.
LIST THE ACHIEVEMENTS FOR THE FOLLOWING EXPLORERS AND
DESCRIBE WHAT THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE WAS
• 1520 Magellan reached the
southern tip of South America.
• He sailed through a strait into the
ocean Balboa saw.
• The water was so peaceful he
named it Pacific (pacifico means
Peaceful)
• Magellan died during the voyage.
His crew continued and became
the first to circumnavigate or sail
around, the world.
LIST THE ACHIEVEMENTS FOR THE FOLLOWING EXPLORERS AND
DESCRIBE WHAT THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE WAS
• The voyages brought two different
worlds together. Europe, Asia, and
Africa and the Americas
• The voyages led to the exchanges
of goods or resources.
• People, plants, animals, and germs.
• The Exchange had great effect on
the world’s cultures.