Transcript Future Evolution: Network Technologies in an All-IP

Roke
Manor
Research
Future Evolution:
Network Technologies in an All-IP World
Mike Hook RMR, Malcolm Payne BT
[email protected]
[email protected]
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
Introduction
 IPv4 to IPv6 transition
 Issues
 Mechanisms
 Progress
 All-IP Network Architectures
 European progress towards All-IP networks
 Services exploiting All-IP networks
 Conclusions
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
IPv4 to IPv6 Issues
 Addressing
 Mobility
 Multi-Homing
 Locator vs Identifier
 Multi-mode terminals
 Quality of Service
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
Addressing
 Is the IPv4 address space that constrained?
 Probably not!
 And there are always NATs…
… but they are architecturally ugly
 Is IPv6 the way forward?
 Maybe!
 Fixed/mobile convergence may be a driver
 As may voice/data convergence
 As may uneven distribution of IPv4 addresses
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
Addressing: Hide and Seek
IPv6 addressing space opens up huge flexibility
A colleague has an IPv6 /64 routed from his ISP via
ADSL
 Not only could he hide the entire IPv4 Internet behind this…
 … but it could still take weeks to find it by random probing!
This would be hard
to do, though…
ISP
IPv4
IPv6/64
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
Addressing: Hide and Seek
IPv6 addressing space opens up huge flexibility
A colleague has an IPv6 /64 routed from his ISP via
ADSL
 Not only could he hide the entire IPv4 Internet behind this…
 … but it could still take weeks to find it by random probing!
This would be hard
to do, though…
ISP
IPv4
IPv6/64
… as he only has a 4-port
hub!
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
Mobility
 Different types of mobility to think about
 Terminal mobility
 Most commonly considered form
 Session mobility
 See example later, for multi-homed terminal
 User mobility
 Think of ‘presence’ based services
 3GPP IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is currently a good
example of supporting this at application layer
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
Multi-Homing
 Devices have multiple interfaces
 Single interfaces are associated with multiple
provider networks
 Potentially multiple addresses from multiple
interfaces
 Locator vs identifier problem
 “I have n IP addresses, both IPv4 and IPv6…
… who am I..?!”
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
Locator or identity?
“An IP address suffers from semantic
overload in attempting to carry both location
and some form of constant identity…”
draft-iab-identities-00.txt
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
Locator or Identity?
“An IP address suffers from
semantic overload in attempting to
carry both location and some form
of constant identity…”
Cellular
Access
Wireless
Access
Fixed
Access
?
“Who am I talking to..?”
vs
“How do I get packets there..?”
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Multi-Mode Terminals
Application
Enhanced Service Interface
Transport Layer (e.g. TCP)
IP (Common Network Layer)
IP2Wireless Convergence
Interface A
Interface B
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
Roke
Manor
Research
Multi-Mode Terminal Example
Webbrowsing
VoiceCall
User
Policy
MMT
WLAN
GSM/GPRS
DVB-X
Initially voice and data over WLAN
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
Multi-Mode Terminal Example
Webbrowsing
VoiceCall
User
Policy
MMT
WLAN
GSM/GPRS
DVB-X
Out of WiFi hotspot – voice over GSM,
Data over DVB-H (or T) down, uplink over GPRS
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
Quality of Service
 Bandwidth is constrained, so requires
management
 Mostly an issue at the edge of the network
 Core network can just over-provision…
 …but VoIP drives QoS in the core too
 Most constrained link is radio…
 Radio Resource Management
 Hard problem!
 Current architectures have centralised RRM
 Trying to move to distributed approach
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Transition: Where we are now
IPv6
IPv6
IPv4
IPv4
IPv6
IPv6
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
Roke
Manor
Research
Handling Transition
 Where to manage interworking
 Mechanisms
 In the network
 e.g. NAT Protocol Translation
 In the terminal
 e.g. dual-stack mechanisms
 Can use private addresses / existing v4 NATs
 But what’s the difference between a private IPv4
address and an IPv6 address if both are behind a
NAT?
 These issues will exist for a long time…
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Transition: The Dream
IPv4
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
Transition: standardisation work
 Large body of work in IETF multi6
(and elsewhere)
 Active work on locator/identity issue
 Trying to find a workable architecture
 Strawman proposals
 MAST, NOID, HIP, …
 Many apply to mobility and transition as well
 Some interesting ideas
 HIP (Host Identity Payload)
 Cryptographic binding of separate identity space to IP
address
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
Transition: The Reality
Roke
Manor
Research
Source: APNIC Annual Report 2003
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
All-IP Network Architectures




All-IP: Where is the Intelligence?
European progress towards All-IP networks
Mobile VCE: Interworking not Convergence
Services exploiting All-IP networks
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
All-IP: Where is the Intelligence?
Network
3G
Terminal
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
European progress towards All IP
networks
 EU IST (Information Society Technology)
 The “Fifth Framework”
 IST BRAIN, MIND
 Broadband Radio Access for IP Networks
 Mobile IP-based Network Developments
 MIND extensions are not directly relevant
 Part of the “IPv6 cluster”
 BRAIN and MIND assume IPv6
 6th Framework
 Ambient Networks
 WINNER
 Mobile VCE – Interworking of Networks
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
Mobile VCE: Interworking not Convergence
Roke
Manor
Research
 Interworking enables broadcast, mobile and fixed
network operators to co-operate easily
 Interworking provides heterogeneous Internet
connectivity for users, anywhere, anytime in a costeffective and secure manner
 How?
 Internet Protocol (IP) is used as the ideal choice for ‘gluing’
the heterogeneous wireless environments together
 IP provides a generic interworking platform
 Interworking provides a commercially pragmatic
solution to heterogenous networks
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
The complexity of the problem
Operators
Operator D
Operator C
2
Operator B
Operator A
Service A
3
Access technology
DVB
UMTS
WLAN
Service B
1
Service C
Service
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
MVCE: Interworking of Networks
Architecture
Content
Providers
Global Internet
Servers
GPRS
/ UMTS
/ INTRANET
Service
Providers
IPnetwork
Backbone
Core IP
with user
Privatemobility
andPublic
Segments
support
Inter-working logical link
Inter-working
logicallink
IoN
BMG
GW
UMTS Core Network
UTRAN
IoN
BMG
GW
IoNGateway
Content
IoN
BMG
GW
Fixed / WLANNetwork
xDSL Network
WiFi Access
Network
DVBGateway
IoN
BMG
GW
Inter-working
logicallink
Regional Network of DVB
operator
DVB
Transmitter
MH
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
MVCE: Architecture Principles
Minimal changes to
infrastructure – NO access
network changes
Loosely coupled
interworking
model
Secure &
Fair (eg load
balancing)
Roke
Manor
Research
Easy transition
(protocols, applications,
business models)
MVCE
Architectural
Principles
Operators retain
full ownership
and control of
their networks
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Services supporting All-IP Networks
Roke
Manor
Research
 3GPP IP Multimedia Subsystem
 SIP / SIMPLE based
 Session mobility through SIP re-registration
 Presence & User mobility – now I’m accessing
from a handset, later from a mobile – how best to
contact me?
 Enabler for creation of exciting new services
 Presence Buddy-list concept
 Invite buddies to participate in:
 IM conversations – media exchange etc
 Online games
 Route to getting VoIP (initially as PoC) end to end
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
Conclusions
 IP is the key enabler
 IPv4 will be with us for ever
 IPv6 brings a number of benefits and challenges
 Many linked issues
 Transition, multi-homing, mobility, …
 Managing identities and locators is critical…
… and essential for networks to evolve
 An interworking architectural approach can
use IP to simplify fixed, mobile, broadcast
cooperation
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.
Roke
Manor
Research
© 2004 Roke Manor Research Ltd.