Transcript IMS for Wireless/Wireline Services over IP

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IEEE 802.21 MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER
DCN: 21-05-00202-00-0000_MIH_Proposal_Lucent_Phase II
Title: MIH Proposal
Date Submitted: Jan, 9, 2005
Presented at IEEE 802.21 session #6 in Monterey Cal
Authors or Source(s) from Lucent Technologies:
Suman Das, Peretz Feder, Fang Hao, Ray Miller, Ajay Rajkumar,
Sampath Rangarajan, Sameer Sharma, Yousif Targali
• Abstract: This presentation introduces a framework that supports
media independent handover (MIH). The framework is proposed as a
2.5 layer module that interacts with both control and management
plane but not data plane. The proposal includes the overall function
and interface definition as well as various components of the
framework.
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IEEE 802.21 presentation release statements
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6.3
of
the
IEEE-SA Standards
Board
Operations
Manual
<http://standards.ieee.org/guides/opman/sect6.html#6.3>
and
in
Understanding Patent Issues During IEEE Standards Development
http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/guide.html>
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Content
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Overview
Restated Objectives
PPP state transition as can be used by 3GPP and 3GPP2
Use of 3GPP2 LAC layer for most required 3GPP2 triggers
Management plane vs. Control plane
Call processing stick diagram
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Overview
• MIH proposal Phase 2:
– Show examples and various call flows enabling media
independent handover (MIH) between 802.3/11/16, 3GPP,
and 3GPP2
– Propose interface to LLC layer in 3GPP2
– Show example of PPP triggers state diagram
– Argue against the exclusive use of management plane for
the MIH functions
– Rational for Layer 2 MIH
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The Basic Premise Revisited
• MIH present goal is to support seamless handover of a data session (we are
not attempting CS to VoIP seamless handover)
• Multi radio interface at the MT
• Data services are not free, the impetus is increased operator revenue and
subscriber ownership. Enterprise case is a subset of the operator’s play.
• The subscriber bootstrap mechanism is under operator’s/enterprise control,
hence Home network is the operator’s network.
• Dear subscriber: you don’t like the operator control? turn off the operator’s
manager mechanism or churn to another manager domain
• Home network may not own or even control all the interfaces available to the
MT
• Propose an MIH entity at the terminal that selects one of the available
interfaces. The selection mechanism is vendor specific!!
• Network assisted through handover recommendation, SLA directory update or
commands
• Layer 3 mobility is not optimized for real time applications and our objective
is to improve or assist layer 3/>3 handover performance
• Upon decision, MIH invokes layer 3 (IP) handover mechanism providing it a
single access choice
• Security and QoS on each interface is technology specific. No attempt to
change any. Either accept it, map it or reject it as an operator/enter. policy
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PPP (LCP, IPCP) state machine and trigger points
Applicable to 3GPP and 3GPP2
MIH_LCP_LINK_OPEN
.indication
UP
Dead
OPEN
Established
(phy_available)
(phy unavailable)
MIH_LCP_CONFIG_FAILURE
.indication
MIH_LCP_LINK_UP
.indication
LCP_Authenticate
MIH_IPCP_LINK_OPEN
.indication
MIH_LCP_AUTH_FAILURE
.indication
SUCCESS/NONE
FAIL
FAIL
config_req
DOWN
LCP_Terminate
IPCP_OPEN
CLOSING
MIH_LCP_LOCAL_CLOSING
.indication
MIH_LCP_CARRIER_FAILURE
.indication
MIH_LCP_LINK_QUALTIY_FAILURE
.indication
MIH_LCP_TIMEOUT_FAILURE
.indication
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Network (IPCP)
LCP_OPENED
MIH_LCP_REMOTE_CLOSING
.indication
config_ack
config_reject
IPCP_OPENED
terminate_req
IPCP_CLOSE
Trigger could be from Established,
Authenticate and Opened states
MIH_IPCP_LINK_CLOSED
MIH_IPCP_CONFIG_FAILURE
.indication
.indication
MIH_IPCP_TIMEOUT
.indication
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MIH_PPP Service Definition – LCP triggers currently used in
PPP can also become 802.21 compliant
LCP trigger to MIH
• MIH_LCP_LINK_OPEN.indication • MIH_LCP_LINK_UP.indication
-
• MIH_LCP_TERMINATED.indication –
Link is Up but authentication is
still to be performed
Link is Up and authentication
has been completed
Link is terminated abnormally
– MIH_LCP_AUTH_FAILURE.indication – MIH_LCP_CARRIER_FAILURE.indication – MIH_LCP_LINK_QUALTIY_FAILURE.indication –
– MIH_LCP_TIMEOUT_FAILURE.indication
authentication failure
lower layer link failure
link quality below
configured threshold
link terminated because
of time-out
• MIH_LCP_CLOSED.indication – Link is terminated normally.
– MIH_LCP_LOCAL_CLOSING.indication - local administrative closing
– MIH_LCP_REMOTE_CLOSING.indication – remote administrative closing
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MIH_PPP Service Definition – IPCP triggers currently used in
PPP can also become 802.21 compliant
IPCP triggers to MIH
• MIH_IPCP_LINK_OPEN.indication
• MIH_IPCP_LINK_CLOSED.indication -
closed normally
• MIH_IPCP_LINK_TERMINATED.indication – closed abnormally
– MIH_IPCP_CONFIG_FAILURE.indication – a Configure Ack is not received
– MIH_IPCP_TIMEOUT.indication - link terminated because of timeout
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MIH integration with 3GPP2
Control plane
User plane
Applications
L3S
SAP
Layer 3
Signaling
IP
PPP
SAP
MIH
PPP
LAC Layer
MAC Layer
PHY Layer (CDMA)
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3GPP2 Triggers through LAC layer
Reference: C.S0004-D V1.0
• MIH_SIG_SAP
– SIG-HandoffFPDCH.Indication:
Indicates that a handoff of the packet data channel has occurred or when the
packet data channel is initially assigned.
– SIG-RemoveFPDCHLeg.Request:
Request removing the pilot specified by index from the F-PDCH active set.
• MIH_LAC_SAP
– L2-Condition.Notification
– L2-Supervision.Request
• MIH_MAC_SAP
– MAC-Availability.indication
– MAC-AccessFailure.indication
• MIH_PHY_SAP
– PHY-RCQICH.Request:
Initiates the transmission of Channel Quality Indicator feedback information on the
Reverse CQICH channel.
– PHY-RCQICH.Indication:
Indicates that a transmission on the R-CQICH has been received and decoded.
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Ex: MIH function as it fits into the Window stack
A response to one of the San Antonio questions
Application
Email
client
Clients
TDI
clients
Name
Space
DLLs
Helper
DLLs
Email
client
Redirectors
. Servers,..
Other Sockets
Application
Sockets
API
User Mode
Sockets
Emulator
Kernel Mode
TDI Interface
Tcpip
Transport
Protocol
Driver
NDIS
Other
Protocol
Driver
Intermediate
Intermediate
Intermediate
NIC Drivers
Miniport
Driver
Protocol
Driver
Ethernet
NIC
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Miniport
Driver
Protocol
Driver
802.11
Miniport
Driver
Protocol
Driver
WCDMA
Miniport
Driver
Protocol
Driver
EV-DO
NIC
NIC
NIC
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WiMax BS
MIH Query and Mobile Initiated HO
App
IP
MIH
MIH
Info Server
MAC
Driver
802.16
WLAN AP
App
App
App
IP
IP
IP
MIH
MIH
MIH
MAC
MAC
MAC
Driver
Driver
Driver
Driver
Driver
802.3
NIC
802.16
NIC
802.11
NIC
802.11
NIC
802.3
NIC
Assoc.
1
4
5
Up
6
Adv
Eval Connection
Use MIH Profiles
2
Home Agent
3
Connect over 802.11
7
Advertisement Sent
IP Register
Bearer Connection over 802.11
MIH Query
6a
MIH Query
Change Priority or cost of Interface
Change prior
Measure all interfaces
Handover to 802.16
Connect
Connect over 802.16
Assoc
Send Adv
Advertise
Binding Update
IP Register
Bearer Connection over 802.16
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MIH Query and Change Explained
This scenario depicts a selection of 802.11 interface through a local AP. Once
connected, the MIH issues an MIH query to obtain latest priority information,
which includes cost of interface. Once obtained a new selection is made and the
MIH at the MS directs the 802.16 interface to become active.
• 1: Evaluate and measure when appropriate each interface
• 2: Local MIH evaluates measurements, process resident polices as provided
either at bootstrap or downloaded and determine proper link
• 3: MIH Instructs MS to connect via 802.11 link
• 4: Association message arrive from MS to AP MAC
• 5: MAC informs MIH link is up
• 6: 802.11 airlink established
• 7: MIH informs IP to send MIP advertisement at DL establishment
• 8: MIP advertisement sent over newly established link
• 9: End to end MIP Registration established (AR or FA assumed in path)
• 10: Bearer established with HA and CN (not shown)
• 11: MIH in MS query the MIH Info DB for priority rules (ex: cost of link)
• 12: Priority received indicates change required
• 13: MIH at MS conduct measurements again (neighboring list info assumed)
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MIH Query and Change Explained, Cont.
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14: MIH at MS instruct MS to connect via 802.16 link
15: Ranging and network entry
16: 802.16 MAC informs BS MIH link is up
17: 802.16 airlink established
18: 802.16 BS MIH directs IP to send MIP advertisement at DL
establishment
• 19: End to end MIP Re-registration established (AR or FA assumed in
path)
• 20: Bearer established with HA and CN (not shown)
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Network Initiated: Loading Condition HO WireLine
App
IP
MIH
MIH
Info Server
MAC
PHY
Driver
802.3
WLAN AP
App
App
App
IP
IP
IP
MIH
MIH
MIH
MAC
MAC
MAC
Driver
Driver
Driver
802.3
NIC
802.16
NIC
802.11
NIC
1
Driver
Driver
802.11
NIC
802.3
NIC
Steady State: Connect over 802.11
Bearer Connection over 802.11 and MIP binding to WLAN AN
MIH: WLAN AP is Loaded, get Neighbor List
4
Network Initiated HO
measure
Neighboring List provided, all networks
3
5
measure
6
2
Home Agent
Eval Connection
Use MIH Profiles and Priorities
UP
Connect over Wireline
7
Up
9
Adv
8
Connection over 802.3
Advertisement Sent
10
IP Register
11
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IP Register
Bearer Connection over 802.3 and MIP binding to Wireline AN
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Loading Condition Handover Explained
This scenario depicts a steady state condition where 802.11 interface
is selected and loading condition requires an HO. The 802.11 AP
gets neighboring list from MIH Information Service and passes to
Mobile’s MIH. Once measured, decided and connected, the MIH at
the MS directs the wireline interface to become the bearer.
• 1:
• 2:
• 3:
• 4:
• 5:
6:
• 7:
• 8:
• 9:
• 10:
• 11:
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Mobile Initiated HO:
WLAN -> 3GPP
GGSN
App
IP
RRC
MIH
Info Server
MIH
PPP
PDCP
RLC/MAC/PHY
WLAN AP
App
App
App
IP
IP
IP
MIH
MIH
MAC
PPP
MIH
MAC
MAC
Driver
Driver
Driver
Driver
Driver
802.3
NIC
3GPP
NIC
802.11
NIC
802.11
NIC
802.3
NIC
Assoc.
1
4
5
Up
6
2
Adv
Eval Connection
Use MIH Profiles
Home Agent
3
Connect over 802.11
7
Advertisement Sent
IP Register
Bearer Connection over 802.11
MIH Query
6a
MIH Query
Change Priority or cost of Interface
Change prior
Measure all interfaces
Handover to 3GPP
Connect
PDP Context Activation Procedure, APN=MIH, PDP=PPP, QoS=PCO
LCP Configuration, Authentication and IPCP Configuration
PPP Connection over 3GPP
PPP Trigger
Send Adv
MIP Advertise Over PPP
Binding Update
IP Register
Bearer Connection over 3GPP
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Handover to 3GPP Explained
This scenario depicts a steady state condition where 802.11 interface
is selected and loading condition requires an HO. The 802.11 AP
gets neighboring list from MIH Information Service and passes to
Mobile’s MIH. Once measured, decided and connected, the MIH at
the MS directs the 3GPP interface to become the bearer.
• 1:
• 2:
• 3:
• 4:
• 5:
6:
• 7:
• 8:
• 9:
• 10:
• 11:
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Example: Improved ARP mechanism with MIH
1. MIH in the Access Network obtains FA MAC address using
Management Plane interface
2. MIH sends FA MAC address to the FA for use in the
advertisement
3. Mobile IP Client at the terminal receives the FA
advertisement and processes it.
4. Mobile IP client sends the MAC address in the form of
hint/trigger/message to the MIH residing in the terminal
5. MIH at the terminal sends a trigger to the ARP cache
function at the IP layer to update the ARP table avoiding
ARP procedures
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MIH Function – Why is it a layer concept (2.5)?
MIH-AP
SAP
Transport Layer
MIH-TR
SAP
IP Layer
MIH_SAP
Mgmt
MIH_SAP
L3
App
MI_PhSAP
MI-MSAP
MAC Function (802.xx)
MLME
PLME_MLME
SAP
MI_PhSAP
PHY Function (802.xx)
802.yy
MI_PhSAP
PLME
MLME_SAP
MIH_MLME
SAP
Network Management System
MI-MSAP
MI_MSAP
MIH ME
PLME_SAP
LLC
Function
802.yy
LLC_SAP
MIH MIH Engine _ State
Machine
Function
MAC
LLC_SAP
MIH-TR
SAP
MIHME_SAP
MIH_AP
_SAP
MIH_SAP
PHY
Data
MIH Data to peer
Reminder:
this plane is
a client
manager
relations,
set, get, and
traps
Application Layer
MIH_TR
SAP
What Domain is this?
The left side
indicates an
alternate
concept to a
layer and a
new required
plane if MIH
is not a layer
MIH_AP
SAP
Station Functional Entity
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MIH function: layer 2.5 vs. cross-layer
definitions
• Two alternatives
– A separate entity across all layers, sort of MIH plane
– Layer 2.5
• Cross-layer MIH is suitable if link state information only comes from
management plane, by accessing management SAPs such as
MLME_SAP or PLME_SAP
• Layer 2.5 MIH is suitable when information is collected from both
control plane and management plane
– Previous presentation (21-04-0159-01-0000) defines MI_MSAP,
MI_PhSAP
– Accessing SAPs of neighboring layers is straightforward, such as
MI_MSAP
– Accessing SAPs cross layers can be implemented in one of two ways
» Option 1: going through neighboring layer, e.g., to access MIH-PhySAP, the
message is first encapsulated in MIH-MAC SAP, which pass it directly to
PhySAP
» Option 2: directly accessing MIH-PhySAP from MIH layer; this may be
appropriate, for example, when such SAP access is implemented as function
calls
– Similar issues with other SAP definitions: MIH_AP, MIH_TR, and
MIH_SAP
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Value in having both Management Plane and
Control Plane interface with the MIH
• Information is spread across both control and management planes
• Management plane typically has more complete information readily available
– Static information
» Link parameters: SSID, channel parameters, …
» Roaming agreement
– Snapshot of link statistics
» Authentication logs
» Transmission statistics: delay, loss, …
– Such information is usually available in MIB and can be polled by MIH
• Polling from management plane should only be done occasionally, e.g., during
startup or periodic refreshment since it is typically slow
• Control plane is faster in detecting dynamic link status changes, such as
– Link up/down
– Transmission failure
– Authentication success/failure
• Dynamic link status is reflected in MIBs only after control plane detects it
• New primitives need to be added for both control and management plane
– E.g., indication when signal strength crosses certain threshold
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