Transcript Significant Explorer Contributions

September 6, 2012
• Learning Target(s)
– I will be able to identify nine European explorers
and explain their contributions to exploration.
• Agenda
– Prominent Explorers Determining Importance
Stations
– Monuments to Exploration
Bell Ringer #11
• 1) The Crusades indirectly
contributed to the discovery of
the new world by
– A. forcing the religious conversion
of the Muslim people.
– B. forcing the Turks to flee from
Constantinople.
– C. stimulating European demand
for goods from the East.
– D. increasing the power of the
feudal lords.
• 2) Which of the following best
describes how the fall of
feudalism led to the Age of
Exploration?
– A. The fall of feudalism caused a
increase in the number of Asian
immigrants, which encouraged
many Europeans to leave Europe.
– B. The fall of feudalism caused the
formation of a middle class that
looked to the sea as a source of
profit.
– C. The fall of feudalism caused a
great famine that resulted in many
Europeans fleeing to other regions
of the world.
– D. The fall of feudalism resulted in
a decline in the economic system
in Europe.
• LEARNING TARGET
-I will be able to identify nine
European explorers and explain
their contributions to
exploration.
Ferdinand Magellan
• Born in Portugal in 1480 to
noble family.
• Gave up citizenship in
Portugal and offered
exploration services to
Spanish King.
• Motivated to find out how
wide the Pacific Ocean was.
• Magellan led the first crew
to ever sail around the
world.
• Forced Natives to be
baptized or were killed.
Vasco da Gama
• Born in Portugal in 1460.
• Motivated by finding
more trade routes to Asia.
• First European to sail
from Portugal to India.
• Treated natives harshly.
As a result of da Gama,
native peoples of Asia and
Africa lost economic and
political power.
Christopher Columbus
• Born in 1451 in Northwest Italy.
• Began sailing at age 12 selling his
father’s wool.
• Convinced King and Queen of
Spain to finance his first voyage.
• October 12, 1492, Columbus and
crew reach island named San
Salvador.
• Spain sets up first permanent
European settlement here.
• Native population went from
300,000 in 1492 to 500 by 1548.
Many killed by diseases, others
tortured and killed.
Hernan Cortes
• Born in 1484 in Central Spain.
• Motivated by wealth and
power.
• Cortes led expedition to set up
colonies for Spain in the new
world
• Cortes overthrew powerful
Aztec empire capturing their
leader, Moctezuma.
• Made surviving Aztecs slaves.
• European diseases killed
thousands of Aztecs. Their
culture was taken from them
forcing them to become
Christians.
John Cabot
• Born in 1450 in Italy.
• Sponsored by English
King Henry the 7th.
• Motivated by finding a
sea route to China.
• Discovered
Newfoundland and
Nova Scotia, claiming it
for England and Venice.
Francisco Pizarro
• Born in 1475 in Spain.
• Dreamed of becoming wealthy
and powerful like Cortes.
• Led three expeditions to the
western coast of South
America.
• Ruled the Inca empire for
almost 10 years.
• Because of trade in Incan gold
and silver, Spain became the
richest country in the world.
• Pizarro devastated the Incan
Empire.
Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo
• First Spanish explorer to sail
north from Mexico, leading
to a settlement that is now
California.
• Motivated by claiming new
land for Spain and gathering
wealth through trade with
natives.
• Voyage provided Europe
with new knowledge about
the geography of the new
world and prompted Spain
to claim all land he saw.
Francis Xavier
• Born in 1506 in a northern
province of Spain.
• From Spanish noble family.
• Took a vow to live in poverty
and obedience like Christ.
• Worked to spread Christianity
all over the world.
• Francis baptized over 10,000
people in southern China.
• Francis baptized over 300,000
Japanese.
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
• Born in 1475 in Spain.
• Motivated by Columbus
exploration.
• First European to ever
see the Pacific Ocean.
• Enslaved Native
Americans and made
them mine for gold.
Monuments
• Once you finish collecting information about each of
the nine explorers, you are going to create a
monument to the last explorer you research.
• Your monument should include:
European Perspective
Indigenous Perspective
Visual Representation of your
explorer
Visual Representation of your
explorer
Area explored (map)/country
represented
Area explored (map)/country
represented
European Gains
Impact on Indigenous cultures
1 to 2 Paragraph summary of
your explorer.
1 to 2 paragraph summary of
your explorer.
Poster Layout
Title
European Perspective
Indigenous Perspective
Picture from
European
Perspective
Picture from
Indigenous
Perspective
MAP
Explorer Summary from
European Perspective
List European Gains
Explorer Summary from
Indigenous Perspective
List Indigenous Losses