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Internet Services - World Wide Web E-mail Conferencing and Newsgroups File Transfer & Updating Chat/Instant Messaging Intranet - Looks like the internet – web pages which open up on a browser, - A LAN or WAN used by schools, businesses etc to communicate internal information. Internet Unit Define the terms - ISP - Browser - Search Engine Protocols Definition A set of formalized rules that describe how data is transmitted over a network. Internet transmission protocols • TCP/IP - Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol • A recognised set of protocols transmission protocol for all Internet transmission. • TCP divides a message into blocks of data, called packets TCP/IP • TCP divides a message into blocks of data called packets • A router then forwards these packets to a destination device Message Packet 1 Packet 2 Packet 3 Packet 4 TCP/IP Advantages • Industrial Standard • Routable – can be sent through many different types of routers • Robust – used for many years • Scalable – can be used small & large networks. Internet protocols IP provides routing devices – special electronic switches – with the source and destination web addresses, which are used to connect the Internet user with the web server. The routing device then forwards the packets to the destination address. IP Addresses - The internet connects millions of different network hardware hosts - Each host – computer, router, printer is identified by a unique IP address - http://www.hostip.info/ This website tells you the IP address of your own computer IP Addresses - Using http://www.hostip.info/ find out where the following sites are - 160.60.160.60 160.80.160.60 255.255.255.255 216.27.61.137 80.176.88.213 84.69.1.207 Now find out your own IP address http://whatismyipaddress.com/ IP Addresses IP Address 72.14.253.104 194.154.164.90 69.147.114.210 72.21.210.11 193.95.148.90 66.230.200.100 URL Questions 1. Complete the words • T_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Control P_ _ _ _ _ _ _ I_ _ _ _ _ _ _ P _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • 2. What is a Protocol? 3. In addition to the www name the four other internet services 4. What is an intranet? 5. What is an IP address and what does it look like? IP Addresses The Internet connects millions of different network hardware components together (host). Each host – computer, router, printer, etc – is identified by a unique Internet Protocol Address, or IP address. An IP address appears as a dotted decimal number. Internet Service Protocols 1. HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) • HTTP is the service protocol that allows users to receive information from the World Wide Web. • HTTP protocol identifies and downloads web page resources HTML tags HyperText Markup Language - a set of codes and script that allows web pages to be formatted and designed Quiz 2. File Transfer Protocol File Transfer Protocol allows an Internet user to send (or receive) copies of files from or to different computer systems or networks 3. POP/SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is used to transfer e-mail between computer systems. - Incoming e-mail is stored on the ISP’s server. - It deals with outgoing emails 3. POP • Post Office Protocol is also used to transfer e-mails between computer systems. POP offers more facilities than SMTP and allows automatic download of emails. • POP is the receiving system for most Internet-based e-mail systems (i.e. your incoming mail). Questions 2 • What does POP stand for? Post Office Protocol • What is a protocol? Agreement or set of rules involving 2 or more parties • What does HTTP stand for and where would you see it? • Hypertext transfer protocol • What is a NAP? Network Access Point • What does IP stand for? Internet Protocol HTML Questions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. What does the <br> tag do? What does the <body> tag do? What does </html> do? What does <td> do What does <href do? Anchors HTML code (tag) that allows a piece of text or a graphic on a web page to become interactive. Can take you to - another place on the same web page - another website Hyperlink HTML attribute of an anchor. The code behind it. What do you need for Internet Access Client Side • Computer • ISP • Browser • Modem/Router • Phone line TYPICAL HOME INTERNET CONNECTION TYPICAL OFFICE INTERNET CONNECTION Task Go to webopedia.com and get a one line definition for the following - ISP - Browser - Modem - Router Recent Developments - Broadband - Wireless Technology - Mobile Internet Broadband Task Search the internet for four ISP providers and for each one find out the Mb and cost and complete the table Below. Name of Provider Cost (£) Mb http://www.broadbandchecker.co.uk/?GTSE=goog>KW=broadband Internet Services Define the following Web Page Web Site World Wide Web The Internet Business Web Services E-Commerce* E-Banking E-Marketplace – B2B E-Sales E-Government* Go to webopedia.com and get a one line definition of the starred ones Personal Web Services Use your internet mind map to come up with a list of personal web services. Chat rooms news Searching blogs Email planning Online booking –holiday education Online shopping auctions Downloading charity TV online conferencing E-Mail Mailbox Attachments – Client Based E-Mail uses - POP - SMTP All users have a separate account. E-Mail Web Based E-Mail - Examples include Hotmail. - Uses HTTP protocol. - You must be connected to the www to read and send e-mail. Conferencing and Newsgroups 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Search newsgroups on Google Go to newsgroups Browse all categories Choose Europe Choose UK Now look through the newsgroups and choose one that interests you. FTP software • Used to upload and download files How a web address is made up http://www.computing.com/int2/car.html Page is to be retrieved using hypertext transfer protocol Name of the Web Server that has the page The Directory where the page can be found on the server The Name of the web page. Often end in html or htm Network Strategy • An organisation needs a network strategy initially to plan how to set up the network in general to manage effectively its distribution of data and information to assist its decision-making and general operation. The network strategy should be based on sound fundamentals so that no matter the advances in technology the network will be able to adapt and still deliver the services the organisation requires. The strategy needs to address the following areas: • Data transfer (traffic) • Distribution/coverage • Access and security • Facilities • Storage capacity. Backup and recovery strategy • An organisation needs a backup and recovery strategy to ensure that operational data is not accidentally destroyed or damaged. As organisations rely more and more on information systems to store and process their data, it is vital that processes and procedures are introduced to ensure data is kept safe from loss or harm. Storage Capacity Hierarchy of Memory Capacity 1byte 1KiloByte 1MegaByte 1GigaByte 1TeraBytes = 8 bits = 1024 bytes = 1024 Kbytes = 1024 Mbytes = 1024 GBytes