Transcript Book cover slide

Section 10.1
• Identify how Web sites are structured
• Explain the role of URLs
• Describe the function of HTTP
Section 10.2
• Explain how the Web has affected business technology
• Describe various methods of securing online
documents and transactions
Section 10.3
• Identify the difference between HTML and XML
• Explain how XML data can be presented in a Web page
• Identify how scripting languages make the Web a more
interesting place
pp.
10.1
282-286
The Internet & the World Wide Web
Guide to Reading
Main Ideas
Key Terms
Web sites present an
organized collection of
Web pages in HTML
format. Individual pages
are located using URLs.
Web servers and
browsers communicate
using HTTP.
Uniform Resource Locator
(URL)
Active Server Page (ASP)
Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (HTTP)
Secure HTTP (HTTPS)
pp.
10.1
282-286
The Internet & the World Wide Web
Web Sites
Web sites present information using combinations of text,
graphics, sound, animation, video, and, of course,
hyperlinks.
Web site hosts provide a server and space for many
companies’ Web sites.
pp.
10.1
282-286
The Internet & the World Wide Web
Web Addresses and URLs
Each Web site has a Web
address, known as its
Uniform Resource
Locator (URL).
Uniform Resource Locator
(URL) An address used to
specify the exact location
and name of a resource on
the Web. (p. 285)
URLs identify the path to
a particular file on the
Web, such as an Active
Server Page (ASP).
Active Server Page (ASP)
A Web page capable of
generating customized
Hypertext Markup Language
(HTML) pages on the fly.
(p. 285)
pp.
10.1
The Internet & the World Wide Web
Web Addresses and URLs
All URLs use a format similar to that shown below:
282-286
pp.
10.1
282-286
The Internet & the World Wide Web
Web Transport Service
HTML is the language
used to display pages and
text within a browser
window. Hypertext
Transfer Protocol
(HTTP) transports the
Web page to the browser.
An extension to HTTP,
called Secure HTTP
(HTTPS), adds encryption
and security features to
HTTP. This helps secure
private information, such
as a credit card number.
Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (HTTP) A code
that appears at the beginning
of every URL clicked or typed
with the purpose of visiting a
Web site or to request a
specific document within the
site. (p. 285)
Secure HTTP (HTTPS) An
extension to HTTP that adds
encryption and security
features to HTTP. (p. 286)
pp.
10.1
282-286
The Internet & the World Wide Web
You Try It
• Activity 10A – Uploading and Downloading Documents Using
FTP (p. 284)
pp.
10.2
288-294
Business and the Web
Guide to Reading
Main Ideas
Key Terms
Web technologies play
important roles in networking
and everyday computing. Ecommerce is a primary way
of doing business today.
There are many ways to
secure documents and
communications on the Web.
intranet
extranet
portal
Authenticode
digital signature
data encryption standard
(DES)
Multipurpose Internet Mail
Extensions (MIME)
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
firewall
proxy server
pp.
10.2
288-294
Business and the Web
Intranets and Extranets
Two of the most
significant applications of
Web-related technologies
in corporate networks are
intranets and extranets.
Intranets and extranets
are like miniature Webs.
Browser software is used
to access, view, and use
documents and
applications.
intranet A Web-like network
that can only be accessed by
internal users such as
employees of a company.
(p. 288)
extranet A Web-like network
that makes it possible for
employees of a corporation
and trusted outside parties to
access the network. (p. 288)
pp.
10.2
288-294
Business and the Web
Electronic Commerce and Portals
Many businesses are
extending their visibility by
entering into partnership
with the owners of large
and heavily used sites
known as portals.
Portals can provide
access to the Web and
electronic stores or malls.
portal A Web page that acts
as an entryway, or a
gateway, to the Web.
(p. 289)
pp.
10.2
288-294
Business and the Web
Electronic Commerce and Portals
The MSN portal allows users to customize the content to
show items of personal and local interest.
pp.
10.2
288-294
Business and the Web
Security
There are many security issues that a network faces when
connect to the Web, including the following:
• Protecting the internal network from access by unauthorized
individuals.
• Protecting information as it is transported over the Internet.
• Protecting the privacy and security of people’s personal and
financial information.
pp.
10.2
288-294
Business and the Web
Security
The following
technologies can help
with security:
• Authenticode
• digital signature
Authenticode A technology
used to assure end users that
the code they are downloading
has been created by the group
or individual listed on the
certificate, and has not been
changed since it was created.
(p. 290)
digital signature An electronic
certificate that verifies the
creator of a program or other
electronic document. Relies on a
private key that is held by the
originator, and the public key
held by the recipient of the file.
(p. 290)
pp.
10.2
288-294
Business and the Web
Security
Other security
technologies include:
• encryption which includes
the data encryption
standard (DES)
• Multipurpose Internet
Mail Extensions (MIME)
• Secure Sockets Layer
(SSL)
• firewalls
• proxy servers
data encryption standard
(DES) A high security level
encryption standard, 56 bit
keys, used before file
transmission. This is no
longer the highest level.
(p. 292)
Multipurpose Internet Mail
Extensions (MIME) A
widely used Internet protocol
designed to allow e-mail
messages to include not only
text, but sound, graphics,
audio, and video. (p. 292)
pp.
10.2
288-294
Business and the Web
Security
• encryption which includes
the data encryption standard
(DES)
• Multipurpose Internet Mail
Extensions (MIME)
• Secure Sockets Layer
(SSL)
• firewalls
• proxy Servers
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) An
authentication and encryption method
developed by Netscape
Communications used to protect
communications between client and
server. (p. 292)
firewall A barrier, such as a router,
bridge, or gateway, that sits between
the network and the outside world. It
is designed to keep unacceptable
packets from reaching the internal
network. (p. 293)
proxy server A server that forms a
barrier between the internal network
and the outside world. Presents only
one IP address for all the computers
on the network. Also known as
proxies. (p. 293)
pp.
10.2
288-294
Business and the Web
Security
Firewalls and proxies act as barriers to protect the LAN
from outside intruders.
pp.
10.2
Business and the Web
You Try It
• Activity 10B – Accessing and Reviewing Local Security
Settings (p. 290)
• Activity 10C – Enabling Windows XP Firewall (p. 293)
288-294
pp.
10.3
296-300
Languages of the Web
Guide to Reading
Main Ideas
Key Terms
The Web uses a number of
different languages to format,
structure, and present data.
Some of these languages
are capable of automatically
generating Web pages.
tags
attributes
Dynamic HTML
cascading style sheets
(CSS)
Extensible Markup Language
(XML)
document type definition
(DTD)
Extensible Style Sheet
script
JavaScript
Common Gateway Interface
(CGI)
pp.
10.3
296-300
Languages of the Web
HTML
HTML acts as a set of
instructions that tells
browser software how and
where to place the page’s
content.
HTML uses a system of
tags and attributes to
identify formatting and
layouts.
tags An HTML command
that tells how to display an
element, such as text or an
image, within a Web
browser. (p. 296)
attribute An HTML
command that modifies a
certain formatting or layout
instruction. (p. 296)
pp.
10.3
296-300
Languages of the Web
DHTML
Dynamic HTML (DHTML)
embeds a script within a
regular HTML page.
Scripts can perform a
variety of functions that
add interactivity to a Web
page.
HTML cannot perform this
type of action.
Dynamic HTML (DHTML) A
special type of program
code, called script, embed
within a regular HTML page.
(p. 297)
pp.
10.3
296-300
Languages of the Web
Cascading Style Sheets
Cascading style sheets
(CSS) define rules for how
certain elements are to
appear on a Web page.
cascading style sheets
(CSS) Documents
developed to make it easier
to apply formatting rules to
one or more HTML
documents. A single format
change can appear
throughout a Web site.
(p. 298)
pp.
10.3
296-300
Languages of the Web
XML
The Extensible Markup
Language (XML) is used
to define the structure of
the content.
It is “extensible” because
you are free to define the
structure any way you
want to.
Extensible Markup
Language (XML) A markup
language used to describe
the content structure and not
just the appearance of the
document that is transmitted.
(p. 298)
pp.
10.3
296-300
Languages of the Web
XML
For XML to actually do
something, the following is
needed:
• document type definition
(DTD)
• Extensible Style Sheet
(XSL)
• a parsing program
document type definition
(DTD) The rules which
define the legal tags for an
XML document. For an XML
file to be valid, it must follow
the rules set by the DTD.
(p. 298)
Extensible Style Sheet
(XSL) A document sheet set
up for formatting the display
of XML data (in a browser,
for example). (p. 298)
pp.
10.3
296-300
Languages of the Web
Scripting
Scripting has changed the
face of the Web. These
scripts are based on
several different
programming languages
and bring a lot of new
capabilities to the Web.
• ASP
• JavaScript
• Common Gateway
Interface (CGI)
script A fairly short program
that limits interaction within the
confines of the Web page and
browser. (p. 299)
JavaScript A script that utilizes
the Java programming language
to create dynamic effects that
can be added to an HTML page.
(p. 300)
Common Gateway Interface
(CGI) An interface that allows
Web servers to interact
dynamically with users. Most
commonly used to process
online forms. (p. 300)
pp.
10.3
Languages of the Web
You Try It
• Activity 10D – Creating an HTML Page (p. 297)
296-300
Chapter 10
Resources
For more resources on this chapter, go to the Introduction
to Networks and Networking Web site at
http://networking.glencoe.com.