Transcript Sex in the City, Broadband in the Bedroom

Broadband Russia & CIS Summit 2006
Moscow 21-22 November 2006
*
Sex in the City ,
Broadband in the Bedroom
or
A Place for Everything and Everything in its Place
John M Meredith
3GPP Specifications Manager and
3GPP Support Team Manager
[email protected]
* With apologies to HBO for corrupting their title.
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Sex in the City, Broadband in the Bedroom
A few years ago, it was
the other way around.
sex in the bedroom
broadband in the city
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Sex in the City, Broadband in the Bedroom
But now we can’t live without always-on broadband
access not only at work and at home, and soon in
the car or train travelling between the two.
And on holiday, when we’re working from home
waiting for the plumber to call. When we’re
studying or relaxing , …
Photo: HBO
3
Evolution of GSM Releases
1987
1990
1992
1995
1996
1997
1998
Phase 1
Phase 2
GSM
standardization
transferred to
ETSI
Phase 2+ (R96)
R97
R98
• Service provider display
• EFR codec
• Multiband operation & roaming
• 3V SIM
• SMS Cell Broadcast discontinuous operation
•…
CEPT GSM
decision to use
TDMA technology
• 14.4 kb/s data
• Data compression
• High Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD)
• PRM functions (group call, broadcast call, …)
• Multi-level precedence and pre-emption
• Fast moving mobile
• SIM application toolkit
•…
• Mobile IP interworking
• Lawful interception
• Number portability
• GPRS (2)
• EDGE
•…
3GPP created
• Enhanced Advanced Speech Call
• Calling Name presentation, CCBS, … services
• Improved fault management
• SIM security
• Private Numbering Plan
• GPRS (1)
•…
4
Evolution of GSM and UMTS Releases
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
>>>>>>> Work transferred from ETSI to 3GPP >>>>>>>
R99
Rel-4
Rel-5
Rel-6
Rel-7
• UMTS radio technology (WCDMA)
• Charging & billing enhancements
• GPRS p-p service
• 1.5V SIM
• Virtual Home Environment
• OSA
•…
• New codecs, codec management
• Low chip rate TDD UMTS variant
• Location based services enhancement
•…
• UMTS Tx site diversity selection
• LCS enhancements
• IP multimedia subsystem (IMS)
• Adaptive multirate codec
• E-to-e QoS concepts
•…
Rel-8
• IMS (2) inc interworking with other IP networks
• Packet-switched streaming services
• See next slide for Rel-8 contents
• Enhanced network security
• Electrically tilting antennas
• PS conversational codec characterization
• GERAN flexible layer 1
• Generic access to GERAN services
• HSPA+ study
•…
• UTRAN Long Term Evolution study
• System Architecture study
• MIMO studies
• UTRAN/GERAN/GAN handover
5
Release 8 contents
•Standards for:
• Enhanced UTRAN [ie LTE] (layer 1, 2, 3, performance requirements, testing)
• E-UTRAN interworking with GERAN
• eCall data transfer
• Services alignment (for FMC)
• Reduced signalling latency
•…
• Studies on:
• IMS service brokering architecture
• IMS convergent multimedia conferencing
• Public Warning System
• Call continuity in emergency calls
• Consumer protection against spam and malware
• Dynamic terminal reconfiguration to minimize power consumption
•…
6
Evolution of data rates over the years …
Data rate trends
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10000
fixed
kb/s
1000
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year
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2010
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10000
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kb/s
Evolution of data rates over the years …
Data rate trends
100000
fixed
2G
1000
100
10
1
year
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2010
2009
2008
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1980
kb/s
Evolution of data rates over the years …
Data rate trends
100000
fixed
2G
3G
1000
100
10
1
year
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Data rates
Unlike data rates on fixed lines, which are generally constant,
data rates on radio access networks can vary with factors
such as …
• Interference (C/I)
• Modulation type and coding scheme
• Number of users in cell
• Number of simultaneous calls in cell, and their type
• Cell size
• Distance of mobile from base station
•…
So beware of theoretical figures!
Charts: 3G Americas
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Evolution of Radio Access Technologies
|
|
|
| GERAN
|
|
|
GSM
HSCSD
GPRS
EDGE
Enhanced EDGE
WCDMA
|
HSDPA
| HSPA
HSUPA |
EHSPA
|
|
|
| UTRAN
|
|
LTE |
The performance of EDGE technology is
(watch out, implicit pun coming)
on the boundary between 2G and 3G
as defined by ITU’s IMT-2000 concept.
In some markets, this has led to confusion over whether operators with 2G-only
licences can run EDGE on their network.
11
Common frequency bands - GERAN
GSM owes its early success at least in part to
an agreement that all CEPT member countries
should allocate the same frequency bands to
the GSM service.
900 MHz
1800 MHz
GSM’s slow start in North America was in part
due to the unavailability of the European GSM
frequencies in the USA and Canada.
850 MHz
1900 MHz
Quad-band mobile terminals are commonly
available, and are usable in most territories of
the world.
Over the Releases, the GSM standards have
been extended to include other bands for use
in particular markets (particular countries,
specialist applications).
700 MHz
450 MHz
410 MHz
810 MHz
…
12
Common frequency bands - UTRAN
WRC allocated common frequencies for UTRA
on a world-wide basis.
Further bands have subsequently been
allocated on a regional basis.
(See table on next slide.)
2100 MHz
2600 MHz
1900 MHz
1700/2100 MHz
1700 MHz
1800 MHz
Multi-RAT mobile terminals are commonly
available, typically supporting GERAN
(GSM/GPRS/EDGE) and UTRAN.
As 3G takes over from 2G, so the 2G bands can
be used for 3G service.
900 MHz
850 MHz
…
700 MHz
450 MHz
410 MHz
810 MHz
…
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UTRA FDD bands
UTRA TDD bands
Operating
Band
UL Frequencies
UE transmit, Node B
receive
DL frequencies
UE receive, Node B
transmit
UL/DL Frequencies
UE / Node B
transmit & receive
I
1920 - 1980 MHz
2110 - 2170 MHz
1900 - 1920 MHz
II
1850 - 1910 MHz
1930 - 1990 MHz
2110 - 2125 MHz
III
1710 - 1785 MHz
1805 - 1880 MHz
1850 - 1910 MHz
IV
1710 - 1755 MHz
2110-2155 MHz
1930 - 1990 MHz
V
824 - 849 MHz
869 - 894 MHz
1910 - 1930 MHz
VI
830 - 840 MHz
875 - 885 MHz
2570 - 2620 MHz
VII
2500 - 2570 MHz
2620 - 2690 MHz
VIII
880 - 915 MHz
925 - 960 MHz
IX
1749.9 - 1784.9 MHz
1844.9 - 1879.9 MHz
Source: 3GPP TS 25.101
Chip rates:
3.84 Mcps
1.28 Mcps (“low chip rate”)
7.68 Mcps (“high chip rate”)
Source: 3GPP TS 25.102
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Near-global coverage by 3GPP technologies
Coverage maps: GSM Association
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E-UTRA
GSM
HSCSD
GPRS
EDGE
Enhanced EDGE
WCDMA
|
HSDPA
| HSPA
HSUPA |
EHSPA
|
|
|
| GERAN
|
|
|
|
|
|
| UTRAN
|
|
|
LTE
Initial aims:
• Reduced cost per bit
• Increased service provisioning – more services at lower cost with better user
experience
• Flexibility of use of existing and new frequency bands
• Simplified architecture, open interfaces
• Allow for reasonable terminal power consumption
16
E-UTRA
Also …
Network
operators need to
have more say in
development
work.
• Reduce the number of options
Next Generation Mobile Networks
initiative *
objective: "establish clear performance targets,
fundamental recommendations and deployment
scenarios for a future wide area mobile
broadband network"
* NGMN members: China Mobile Communications Corporation, KPN Mobile NV, NTT DoCoMo Inc., Orange SA, Sprint Nextel Corporation,
T-Mobile International AG & Co KG, Vodafone Group PLC.
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E-UTRA
Concretely …
Peak data rate
Instantaneous downlink peak data rate of 100 Mb/s within a 20 MHz downlink spectrum allocation (5 bps/Hz)
Instantaneous uplink peak data rate of 50 Mb/s (2.5 bps/Hz) within a 20 MHz uplink spectrum allocation)
Control-plane latency
Transition time of less than 100 ms from a camped state, such as Release 6 Idle Mode, to an active state such as
Rel-6 CELL_DCH
Transition time of less than 50 ms between a dormant state such as Release 6 CELL_PCH and an active state such
as Rel-6 CELL_DCH
Control-plane capacity
At least 200 users per cell should be supported in the active state for spectrum allocations up to 5 MHz
User-plane latency
Less than 5 ms in unloaded condition (ie single user with single data stream) for small IP packet
User throughput
Downlink: average user throughput per MHz, 3 to 4 times Rel-6 HSDPA
Uplink: average user throughput per MHz, 2 to 3 times Rel-6 Enhanced uplink
Spectrum efficiency
Downlink: In a loaded network, target for spectrum efficiency (bits/sec/Hz/site), 3 to 4 times Rel-6 HSDPA )
Uplink: In a loaded network, target for spectrum efficiency (bits/sec/Hz/site), 2 to 3 times Rel-6 Enhanced Uplink
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E-UTRA
…
Mobility
E-UTRAN should be optimized for low mobile speed from 0 to 15 km/h
Higher mobile speed between 15 and 120 km/h should be supported with high performance
Mobility across the cellular network shall be maintained at speeds from 120 km/h to 350 km/h (or even up to 500 km/h
depending on the frequency band)
Coverage
Throughput, spectrum efficiency and mobility targets above should be met for 5 km cells, and with a slight
degradation for 30 km cells. Cells range up to 100 km should not be precluded.
Further Enhanced Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS)
While reducing terminal complexity: same modulation, coding, multiple access approaches and UE bandwidth than
for unicast operation.
Provision of simultaneous dedicated voice and MBMS services to the user.
Available for paired and unpaired spectrum arrangements.
Spectrum flexibility
E-UTRA shall operate in spectrum allocations of different sizes, including 1.25 MHz, 1.6 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5 MHz, 10
MHz, 15 MHz and 20 MHz in both the uplink and downlink. Operation in paired and unpaired spectrum shall be
supported
The system shall be able to support content delivery over an aggregation of resources including Radio Band
Resources (as well as power, adaptive scheduling, etc) in the same and different bands, in both uplink and
downlink and in both adjacent and non-adjacent channel arrangements. A “Radio Band Resource” is defined
as all spectrum available to an operator
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E-UTRA
…
Co-existence and Inter-working with 3GPP Radio Access Technology (RAT)
Co-existence in the same geographical area and co-location with GERAN/UTRAN on adjacent channels.
E-UTRAN terminals supporting also UTRAN and/or GERAN operation should be able to support measurement of,
and handover from and to, both 3GPP UTRAN and 3GPP GERAN.
The interruption time during a handover of real-time services between E-UTRAN and UTRAN (or GERAN) should be
less than 300 msec.
Architecture and migration
Single E-UTRAN architecture
The E-UTRAN architecture shall be packet based, although provision should be made to support systems supporting
real-time and conversational class traffic
E-UTRAN architecture shall minimize the presence of "single points of failure"
E-UTRAN architecture shall support an end-to-end QoS
Backhaul communication protocols should be optimised
Radio Resource Management requirements
Enhanced support for end to end QoS
Efficient support for transmission of higher layers
Support of load sharing and policy management across different Radio Access Technologies
Complexity
Minimize the number of options
No redundant mandatory features
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E-UTRA
Conclusions of study phase:
Downlink:
• Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
• QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
Uplink:
• Single Carrier – Frequency Division Multiple Access
• (pi/2-shift) BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM
MIMO with up to 4 antennas at both mobile and Node B
Simplified architecture
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E-UTRA
Further information:
http://www.3gpp.org/Highlights/LTE/LTE.htm
3GPP TR 25.813
Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and
Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN);
Radio interface protocol aspects
3GPP TSs and TRs of 36.-series
MME/UPE
MME/UPE
EPC
S1
E-UTRAN
X2
eNB
eNB
X2
X2
eNB
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2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
1989
1988
1987
1986
1985
1984
1983
10000
1982
1981
1980
kb/s
Introduction
of E-UTRA
Data rate trends
100000
fixed
2G
3G
1000
100
10
1
year
23
Conclusion …
3GPP technologies show a continuing evolutionary path:
• GSM
• GPRS
• EDGE
• UMTS
• HSPA
• E-UMTS
•…
which will keep them competitive not only with other mobile
technologies but with wireline broadband for years to come.
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For more information…
http://www.3GPP.org
or contact
[email protected]
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and finally….
Thank you for your attention
Now Time for your Questions
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