Transcript Physical vs logical components of the internet

PHYSICAL VS LOGICAL
COMPONENTS OF
THE INTERNET AND NETWORKS
WEBMASTER 3224
The Internet
The Internet is a worldwide system of
computer networks
A Network of networks in which users at one
computer can get information from another
computer.
The Internet
What most people think of when referring to
the Internet is the World Wide Web (WWW)
The collection of web pages created with
HTML coding (HTML5) that you view in a
browser.
Remember from pervious classes; the term
WWW is not the same as the Internet.
The Logical components of
the Internet
The Logical Components of the Internet
include a collection of data systems.
The WWW is actually only one of these data
systems providing the services that make up
the Internet.
Other data systems include Email, chat,
Newsgroups, Telnet and Videoconferencing.
The Physical Components of
the Internet
The physical components of the internet are
the actual devices and hardware that allow
the logical components to function
This is what makes up the infrastructure of
the Internet.
These physical components include but not
limited to; servers, personal computers,
modems, routers, cables, printers, etc…
Basic Internet Structure
How Logical and Physical
Components Work together
Some major services available on the
Internet require certain software programs
and hardware to be installed along with
Internet access, before one can use it.
For example “Chat” Session (Logical
Component)
Chat Session
will use both audio and video capability
require a computer to connected to the Internet
Instant messaging software
A web cam
A microphone, and
Speakers
A Network is required if you are trying to access
the Internet from a school or business.
(All Physical Components)
Assignment 6
In a group of two (2) and using Power Point
explain to the teacher how to use one (1) of the
logical components
Possible choices include:
 Email
 Chat (MSN, ICQ)
 Newsgroups
 Telnet
 Videoconferencing
 FTP
 Remote Desktop
 Peer to Peer
 WWW
 Gopher
 Bulletin Boards
 RSS
 Podcasts
 Skype
 VOIP
 You Tube
 Ebay
 Spiral Frog
 Weblogs/Blogs
 Google Earth
 Internet
Games/Interactive
What to Include in your
PowerPoint Slideshow
Accessing
Registering
Installing
Features
Maintenance
Ending Service
Uninstalling
Clean-up of un-deleted files
Required Components
 Title Page
 Screen Shots of confusing steps and/or how to download software
 25-30 words per slide
The Network
In order to access the Internet from the
school; a Network needs to be
established.
The Network :
Logical and Physical Components
Logical Topology shows how data
flows within a network, regardless of its
physical design.
Physical topology is the placement of
the various components of a network,
including device location and cable
installation
Physical Topology
This is the networking of the devices topology
It refers to the layout of connected devices.
Network topologies are categorized into the
multiple basic types, three common ones are;
1. bus
2. ring
3. star
BUS Topology Network
Bus Topology Network use a common
device to connect all the devices. This
would include a single cable called an
Ethernet cable.
The cable functions as a shared
communication medium that the
devices attach into with an interface
connector.
How
Bus Topology Network Work
A device such as a personal
computer wanting to communicate
with another personal computer on
the network sends a broadcast
message into the wire (ETHERNET) that
all other devices see, but only the
intended recipient actually accepts
and processes the message.
BUS Topology Network
The BUS topology is easy to install
Don't require much cabling
BUS Topology Networks work best with
a limited number of devices.
Problems with
the BUS Topology NETWORK
• If more than a few dozen computers are added to
a network bus, performance problems will likely
result.
• In addition, if the Ethernet cable fails, the entire
network effectively becomes unusable.
Ring Topology Network
In a ring network, every device has
exactly two neighbors for
communication purposes.
All messages travel through a ring in
the same direction (either "clockwise"
or "counterclockwise").
Ring Topology Network
• A failure in any cable or device breaks the loop and
can take down the entire network.
• To implement a ring network, one typically uses FDDI,
Sonet, or Token Ring technology.
Star Topology Network
A STAR Topology Network has a central
connection point called a “HUB NODE”
This may be known as a network hub,
switch or router.
Devices such as personal computers, or
printers connect to the HUB with unshielded
Twisted Pair “UTP” Ethernet cable.
Star Topology Network
The Star Topology Network requires more
cable compared to the BUS Topology
Network.
Benefit to the STAR Topology Network is a
failure in any star network cable will only
take down one computer's network access
and not the entire LAN.
If the hub fails, however, the entire
network also fails.
ETHERNET
They also tend to use certain connectivity
technologies, primarily Ethernet
Ethernet is the transmission of data from the
different devices such as a computer to the
Internet, or from device to device.
The rate of transmission of data is measured
by data rate of 10 to 1000 megabits per
second.
LAN- Local Area Network
A LAN connects all the network devices over
a short distance.
LANs are usually managed, controlled and
owned by a single person or organization.
For example: In a school the students and staff
will have to contact an individual on staff for
their user name and password in order to gain
access to the computers and the Internet.
WAN - Wide Area Network
WAN spans a large physical distance.
The Internet is the largest WAN, spanning the Earth.
WAN is a geographically-dispersed collection of
LANs.
A network device called a router connects LANs to a
WAN.
In IP networking, the router maintains both a LAN
address and a WAN address.
Difference between
Lan and Wan
Most WANs (like the Internet) are not owned
by any one organization but rather exist
under collective or distributed ownership
and management.
WANs tend to use technology like ATM,
FRAME, FRAME RELAY and X.25 for
connectivity over the longer distances.
LAN, WAN and
Home Networking
Residences typically employ one LAN and
connect to the Internet WAN via an Internet
Service Provider (ISP)
IE of ISP: EASTLINK, BELL or Rodgers
These service providers use a broadband
modem.
All the devices on the LAN can transfer data
directly with each other.
Home Networking
They however much go through a
central gateway, which is known as a
broadband router, which is used to reach
the ISP.
Most common Network present in homes
and schools today is the Wireless Local
Area Network (WLAN).
This is based on a WiFi wireless network
technology
Other Types of Area Network
Metropolitan Area Network - a network
spanning a physical area larger than a LAN
but smaller than a WAN, such as a city.
A MAN is typically owned an operated by a
single entity such as a government body or
large corporation.
Campus Area Network - a network spanning
multiple LANs but smaller than a MAN,
such as on a university or local business campus.
Other Types of Area Network
Storage Area Network - connects
servers to data storage devices
through a technology like the cloud.
System Area Network - links highperformance computers with highspeed connections in a cluster
configuration. Also known as Cluster
Area Network.