Transcript Introduction to Computers

Intro to Info Tech
Introduction to
Computers
This presentation can be viewed on line at:
http://web.fscj.edu/Janson/cgs1060/wk01.IntrotoComps.ppt
Copyright
2003 by Janson Industries
1
Objectives

Explain
 Steps
to success in this class
 Basic computer concepts
 Computer system
► Hardware
► Software
► Categories
 Applications
 User
types
2
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Class Success

Take good notes and read the
book before you come to class
 Suggestion:
print out PP and use
as basis for notes

A memory stick
 Put
a file called IFFOUND or ICE
with some contact info in it
► For

when you lose it ;-)
Organize your work. Pay attention
to file:
 Naming
 Location
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
3
User Ids and Passwords


If you want to use the lab
computers you will need to know
your FSCJ user id and password
User ids are usually the first 4
letters of your last name, followed
by first and middle initial
 John
Quincy Adams user id would
be: adamjq

If it doesn’t work, call the FSCJ
Help Desk
 632-3151
4
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Class Software

If you want Access (DBMS
which is needed for a class
assg) for free
 Send
your name and FSCJ
email address to me by the end
of the week at:
► [email protected]

Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
An organization called
DreamSpark will contact you
with further info
5
Class Software


As a student you can get a free
copy of Office 365
This is the FSCJ blog link with
the tutorial:
http://blogs.fscj.edu/technews/
2013/12/05/students-microsoftoffice-for-free/.
6
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Tests



If you are late for a test, you will only
be able to take it if no other student
has left the room
If you cannot make a test, you must
arrange a make up before hand
If an emergency arises you, must
contact me and arrange for a makeup
 You
cannot show up to the next class
and expect to take a make up
7
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Concepts

Computer
 Electronic
device that processes data
into information according to specific
instructions

Data: raw facts
 Can

be text, numbers, images
Information: useful/meaningful
knowledge
8
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Data vs. Information

Data processing
 Selection
 Sorting
 Summarizing
 Information
Retrieval
 Updating
9
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Data vs. Information

QBs plays:
 1st
incomplete
 2nd 4 yard left side pass
 3rd run 6 yards
 : : : : :
 95th interception


Raw facts: how well did the QB
play?
What if data processed into info:
 72%
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
completion for 288 yards
 3 interceptions
10
Information

Game
QBs data for day vs. night:
1pm/4pm/Night
Passing Yds
Completion %
1
1
228
78
2
N
196
82
3
4
233
67
:
:
:
:
16
1
245
72

What if instead processed into:
# Games
1pm/4pm/Night
Avg Passing Yds
Completion %
7
1
234
78
6
4
205
72
3
N
166
61
11
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Concepts

Information processing cycle
Input
Processing
Output
Storage

Computer can store input and
output
12
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Concepts

Input comes in two forms:
 Data
 Instructions


Hardware (h/w): the computer
machinery
Software (s/w): group of instructions
 Like
a recipe
13
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Hardware Device Categories




Input device: converts human
understandable input into machine
understandable input
Processing device: converts input into
output
Output device: converts machine
understandable output into human
understandable output
Storage device: reads and writes input
or output to a storage media
14
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Concepts

Input
Computer Hardware
Input Input
Device
Keyboard
Microphone
Scanner
Mouse
Processing Output
CPU
Storage
Device
Hard drive
Thumb drive
CD/DVD drive
Memory card slot
Output Output
Device
Printer
Monitor
Speakers
15
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Concepts

External vs. Internal Storage
 Internal
also called Main Memory or
RAM

Many differences between the two
 Speed,

capacity, persistence
For now, key difference is, that MM
managed by CPU
 External
memory has a separate
device that manages the media
16
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Concepts

Run
Word
How Internal and External memory
work with application s/w
1
Input Run
Device Word
CPU
3
Word
RAM
2
Copy of Word
Storage
Device
17
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Concepts

Communication Devices
 Enable
computers to send and receive
input and output to other computers
 Example: Modem

Input and output sent over a "line"
(transmission media)
 Phone

line, cable, wireless
A group of linked computers is
called a network
18
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Network

Network hardware consists of
 Transmission
media
 Communication device(s)
 User nodes

Television network?

Phone network?

Computer network?
19
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Internet

Transmissions over the common
carrier networks
 Phone,
cable, satellite and computer
networks


...that follow the rules of TCP/IP
WWW is one part of the Internet
that sends information as web
pages
20
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Concepts


Software (instructions) consist of
many programs
Types of Software
 System
► Enables
the computer to work
► Provides basic functions for applications
► Enables the computer to work more
efficiently
 Application
► Perform
user functions
21
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Computer Software

System software
 Operating

Windows, Linux, OS10, IBM i, MVS
 Utility


systems
programs
WINZIP, Bluetooth, anti-virus, FLAC to
MP3 converter
Application software
 Productivity
 Entertainment
 Education
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
22
Applications

Need to be installed
 Download
 Purchase

on a disk
Insert disk and an "install"
program begins to run
 Copies
application to the hard
drive
 Puts
list item in Program menu
 Creates
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
desktop icon
23
Applications


Created by programmers
Written in programming
languages
 Java
 Visual
Basic
 C++
24
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Common Application Types

Financial
Online
banking, tax prep, online
investing

Government
Access
to govt records, criminal
DBs, facial recognition

Health Care
Online
patient records, patient
monitoring, online diagnosis,
insurance claims, virtual operations25
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Common Application Types

Science
Space
exploration robots, camera
pill, nano-bots

Publishing
Books,
mags, newspapers created
electronically, online books

Travel
Online
reservations, GPS,
directions
26
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Common Application Types

Manufacturing
Robots
used in hazardous env,
CAD, CAM
"Fabbers“/
3D printers
 AKA
desktop fabricators
 Essentially a robot
 Feed product specs, out pops product
 "Instead of printing a picture of a screw,
you print the screw"
27
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Makerbot’s Cupcake CNC

$750 - $1300
You
build from a kit
Designs
available at
 www.thingiverse.com
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NueRhgISweE&feature=related
28
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
29
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Digital Fabricators/3D Printers

How about skipping the middle men?
Who
needs a design
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PgaurYNPWu8
30
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Digital Fabricators
Besides building a house in a day:
Drastically reduce costs, injuries, waste and environmental
impact
Automatic embedding of communication network wiring,
electrical, reinforcement, plumbing, and sensor modules
Automated painting (using inkjet technology for wallpaper
designs) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JdbJP8Gxqog
http://www.contourcrafting.org/
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
31
Computer System Categories

Personal Computer

Midrange (minicomputer)

Mainframe

Supercomputer
32
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Types of Computers
Size/
Capacity
Speed
Users
PC
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Super
Midrange Mainframe Computer
33
Types of PCs
Size/
Capacity
Mobile Devices
Speed
Handheld/PDA
Laptop/
(Palm Pilot, Smart Phone) Tablet
Desktop
34
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Specialty Computer Types

Game console
 Some
can do (or be converted to do)
general computer processing

Embedded – very specific functions
 Most
major appliances have these
► Cars,

washing machines, etc.
Servers - store and disburse a
networks resources (s/w, info, music)
 Any
general computer can be a server
 Though some computers built
specifically to be servers
35
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Computer User Categories

Home user has PC(s) and uses if for
– Google, directions
 Entertainment – media player
 Personal finance – tax prep
 Communication – Email, Skype
 Information

Small Office/Home Office: PCs
networked possibly with mobile devices
 Microsoft
Office
 Industry specific s/w: inventory, Quark
 E-commerce
36
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Computer User Categories

Enterprise User: Mainframe
networked to all types of
computers
 Enterprise
computing
► Financial,
marketing, product design,
inventory, sales, etc.
 Database
Management System
 Microsoft Office
 E-commerce
 Email
37
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Computer User Categories

Mobile User: FedEx deliveryman,
police, ins adjuster, rental car clerk
 Internet
access
 Networked to company apps
 Specialty s/w

Power User: midrange computer,
graphic artist, engineer, architect
 Industry
specific s/w
 Internet access
 High end peripherals
Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
38
Points to Remember




Copyright 2013 by Janson Industries
Operating Systems enable the
computer hardware to work
Windows provides a GUI to
perform system functions
Many apps allow users to
perform system functions
Everything on the PC is stored in
files and files are grouped into
directories
39