Transcript VMware presentation

vSphere Deepdive
Magnus Bergman
Joel Lindberg
Agenda
 VMware vCloud® Suites Launch Context and Product Set
 vSphere 5.0 Recap
 vSphere 5.1 Overview
• Compute, Storage, Network—Enhancements and Features
• Availability, Security, Automation—Enhancements and Features
• vCenter Server—Enhancements and Features
• Additional Features and Enhancements— “The Best of the Rest”
 Memory, CPU and Network Best Practises
2
VMware vCloud Suite
3
VMware vSphere 5.0
vCenter Server
New HA Architecture
• vMotion over
higher latency links
• ESXi Firewall
• Virtual Appliance
• Web Client
• 32 way SMP
• 1 TB VMs
Application
Services
Availability
Security
Scalability
Compute
Storage
Network
VMware vSphere 5
Infrastructure
Services
• ESXi Convergence
• Auto Deploy
• HW version 8
4
• Storage DRS
• Profile-Driven
Storage
• VMFS 5
• Storage I/O
Control (NFS)
• Network I/O Control
(per VM controls)
• Distributed Switch
(Netflow, SPAN, LLDP)
What’s New in vSphere 5.1?
• Single Sign On (vCD, vShield, vCenter)
• vSphere Web Client
vCenter Server 5.1
• Data Protection
• Replication
• vMotion w/o shared
storage
• 0 Downtime upgrades
of VMware Tools
• Enhanced vCenter Orchestrator
• vShield Endpoint
• Storage DRS and
Profile-Driven Storage
integration with VCD
• Enhanced Auto
Deploy
Availability
Security
Automation
Compute
Storage
Network
VMware
vSphere 5.1
• HW version 9
• 64 way SMP
1 TB VMs
5
• Storage Appliance
• Storage Space
Reclamation for VDI
• Enhanced
Distributed Switch
• SR-IOV support
Compute, Storage, Network—
Enhancements and Features
6
Auto Deploy
Overview
 Deploy and patch vSphere hosts in
vCenter Server
with Auto Deploy
minutes using a new “on the fly” model
 Coordination with vSphere Host Profiles
Image Profiles
Host Profiles
 2 new operating modes
Benefits
 Fast initial deployment and patching
vSphere
vSphere
vSphere
 Centralized host and image management
 Reduce manual deployment and
patch processes
 Continue deployment even when
a failure occurs
7
Distributed Switch
Overview
 Distributed Switch now delivers:
 Network Healthcheck
 Configuration Backup and Restore
 Roll Back and Recovery
 LACP Support
vSphere
vSphere
vSphere
Benefits
 Visibility into physical and virtual
network status
 Backup and recover network settings
 Fast recovery from lost connectivity
or incorrect configurations
8
vSphere Scales to Support Mission-Critical Applications
Overview
 Create virtual machines with up to:
 64 vCPU
 1 TB of vRAM
Benefits
2x
 2x size of previous vSphere versions
 Run even the largest applications in
vSphere, including very large databases
 Virtualize even more applications than
ever before (Tier 1 and 2)
9
Availability, Security, and Automation—
Enhancements and Features
10
vMotion (w/o Shared Storage)
Overview
 Live migration of a virtual machine
without the need for shared storage
 Extends VMware’s revolutionary
technology for automated virtual machine
movement
Benefits
 Zero downtime migration
 No dependency on shared storage
 Lower operating cost
 Helps meet service level and
performance SLAs
11
vSphere Data Protection
Overview
 New backup and recovery tool for the
vSphere platform
VDP
 Replaces vSphere Data Recovery
 Based on EMC Avamar
VMware vSphere
Benefits
 Use less disk space with deduplication
DATA DEDUPLICATED
AND STORED ON VDP
APPLIANCE
*All editions and kits with the exception of Essentials
12
 Simple setup and management
 Proven technology
vSphere Replication
Overview
Site A (Primary)
 Virtual machine level replication by the
vSphere host
vSphere
 Included with vSphere*
vSphere
Replication
Benefits
Site B (Recovery)
 Low cost/efficient replication option
 Simple setup from within vCenter Server
vSphere
 Integration with SRM enables automated
DR process
*All editions and kits with the exception of Essentials
13
vShield Endpoint
Overview
 Secure your VMs with offloaded antivirus and anti-malware (AV) solutions
without the need of agents
 Included with vSphere*
Benefits
 Simplified AV administration
 Higher consolidation ratios by preventing
the possibility of AV storms
 Improved performance
*All editions and kits with the exception of Essentials
14
vCenter Server—
Enhancements and Features
15
Web Client
Object
Navigator
Inventory
Objects
Create Custom
Actions
Overview
 New, improved interface into
vSphere delivers:
 Browser-based experience
 Custom tagging
 Scalability
 Enhanced workflow management
Tabs
Benefits
 Platform independence
 Tag based on specific business cases
 Manage more objects and 3x more active
Portlets
Add right-click
extensions
16
sessions than ever before
Sidebar
Extension
 Pause and resume even the most
complex workflow or task
vSphere Web Client Interface
Object Navigator
Tabs
Inventory Objects
Create Custom Actions
Sidebar Extension
Portlets
Add right-click extensions
17
Web Client—Native Plug-In Support
18
Single Sign-On
Overview
 Sign-on once rather than multiple times
in vCenter Server
Inventor
y Service
vCO
vCenter
vSphere
Web Client
vSphere Solutions
vSphere
Authoriza
tion
Authentication
(Single Sign On)
Auditing
Platform
Services
Active
Directory
Open
LDAP
NIS
Local
OS
Users
Customer
Benefits
 Faster operations
 Less complexity
 Support for multiple identity services
Identity Sources
 Future building block for other VMware
products and solutions
19
Single Sign-On
vCenter
Inventory
Service
vCO
vSphere
Web Client
vSphere Solutions
vSphere
Authorization
Authentication
(Single Sign On)
Auditing
Platform
Services
Active
Directory
20
Open
LDAP
NIS
Local OS
Users
Customer
Identity Sources
vCenter Orchestrator (vCO)
Overview
 Workflow Engine
 Enhancements:
 Web Client Integration
(launch workflows)
 New workflow design
 Simplified configuration
and installation
Benefits
 Execute workflows with a single interface
 Simplicity thru drag and drop
workflow creation
 Automatic configuration
 Deploy as a virtual appliance
21
Additional Features and Enhancements
22
The Best of the Rest
 Platform
 Storage
• ESXi Platform Updates
• VMFS File Sharing Limits
• New VM Features and Capabilities
• Space Efficient Sparse Virtual Disks
• Host Profiles
• 5 Node MSCS Cluster
 Network
• Port Mirroring Enhancements
• Scale
 OS Support
• Storage Protocol Enhancements
• Storage Resource Management
Enhancements
• VMware vCloud® Director™
Interoperability
• Windows 8 Server and Desktop
**Details on the new vSphere Storage Appliance 1.5
(which works in conjunction with vSphere 5.1)
are available in a separate customer overview
23
MEMORY
© 2009 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Memory – Host Memory Management
Occurs when memory is under contention
 Transparent Page Sharing
 Ballooning
 Compression
 Swapping
25
Memory – Transparent Page Sharing
26
Memory – Ballooning
27
Memory – Compression
28
Memory – Swapping
29
Memory – Swapping
30
Memory – Ballooning vs. Swapping
 Ballooning is better than swapping
 Guest can surrender unused/free pages
 Guest chooses what to swap, can avoid swapping “hot” pages
 Idle memory tax uses ballooning
31
Memory – Rightsizing
 Generally, it is better to OVER-commit than UNDER-commit
 If the running VMs are consuming too much host/pool memory…
• Some VMs may not get physical memory
• Ballooning or host swapping
• Higher disk IO
• All VMs slow down
32
Memory – Best Practices
 Avoid high active host memory over-commitment
• No host swapping occurs when total memory demand is less than the physical
memory (Assuming no limits)
 Right-size guest memory
• Avoid guest OS swapping
 Ensure there is enough vRAM to cover demand peaks
 Use a fully automated DRS cluster
• Test that vMotion works
• Use Resource Pools with High/Normal/Low shares
• Avoid using custom shares
33
CPU
© 2009 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
CPU – Overview
 Raw processing power of a given host or VM
• Hosts provide CPU resources
• VMs and Resource Pools consume CPU resources
 CPU cores/threads need to be shared between VMs
 Fair scheduling vCPU time
• Hardware interrupts for a VM
• Parallel processing for SMP VMs
• I/O
35
CPU – vSMP
 Relaxed Co-Scheduling: vCPUs can run out-of-sync
 Idle vCPUs incur a scheduling penalty
• configure only as many vCPUs as needed
• Impose unnecessary scheduling constraints
 Use Uniprocessor VMs for single-threaded applications
36
CPU– Scheduling
Over committing physical CPUs
VMkernel CPU Scheduler
37
CPU– Scheduling
Over committing physical CPUs
X
VMkernel CPU Scheduler
38
X
CPU– Scheduling
Over committing physical CPUs
XX
XX
VMkernel CPU Scheduler
39
CPU – Ready Time
 The percentage of time that a vCPU is ready to execute, but waiting
for physical CPU time
 Does not necessarily indicate a problem
• Indicates possible CPU contention or limits
40
CPU – NUMA nodes
 Non-Uniform Memory Access system architecture
 Each node consists of CPU cores and memory
 A CPU core in one NUMA node can access memory in another
node, but at a small performance cost
NUMA node 1
41
NUMA node 2
CPU – NUMA nodes
 The VMkernel will try to keep a VM’s vCPUs local to its memory
• Internal NUMA migrations can occur to balance load
 Manual CPU affinity can affect performance
• vCPUs inadvertently spread across NUMA nodes
• Not possible with fully automated DRS
 VMs with more vCPUs than cores available in a single NUMA node
may see decreased performance
42
CPU – Troubleshooting
 vCPU to pCPU over allocation
• HyperThreading does not double CPU capacity!
 Limits or too many reservations
• can create artificial limits.
 Expecting the same consolidation ratios with different workloads
• Virtualizing “easy” systems first, then expanding to heavier systems
• Compare Apples to Apples
• Frequency, turbo, cache sizes, cache sharing, core count, instruction set…
43
CPU – Best Practices
 Right-size vSMP VMs
 Keep heavy-hitters separated
• Fully automated DRS should do this for you
• Use anti-affinity rules if necessary
 Use a fully automated DRS cluster
• Test that vMotion works
• Use Resource Pools with High/Normal/Low shares
• Avoid using custom shares
44
NETWORK
© 2009 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Network – Load Balancing
 Load balancing defines which uplink is used
• Route based on Port ID
• Route based on IP hash
• Route based on MAC hash
• Route based on NIC load
 Probability of high-bandwidth VMs being on the same physical NIC
 Traffic will stay on elected uplink until an event occurs
• NIC link state change, adding/removing NIC from a team, beacon probe
timeout…
46
Network – Troubleshooting
 Check counters for NICs and VMs
• Network load imbalance
• 10 Gbps NICs can incur a significant CPU load when running at 100%
 Ensure hardware supports TSO
• Use latest drivers and firmware for your NIC on the host
 For multi-tier VM applications, use DRS affinity rules to keep VMs
on same host
• Same vSwitch / VLAN, rules out physical network
 If using Jumbo Frames, ensure it is enabled end-to-end
47
Network – Best Practices
 Use the vmxnet3 virtual adapter
• Less CPU overhead
• 10 Gbps connection to vSwitch
 Use the latest driver/firmware for the NICs on the host
 Use network shares
• Requires Virtual Distributed Switch 4.1
 Isolate vMotion and iSCSI traffic from regular VM traffic
• Separate vSwitches with dedicated NIC(s)
• Most applicable with Gigabit NICs
48
Key Takeaways – Performance Best Practices
 Understand your environment
• Hardware, storage, networking
• VMs & applications
 Advanced configuration values do not need to be tweaked or
modified
• In almost all situations
 Use fully automated DRS
 Use Paravirtual virtual hardware
49
Tools – vCenter Operations
Slide 50
 Aggregates thousands of metrics into Workload, Capacity,
Health scores
 Self-learns “normal” conditions using patented analytics
 Smart alerts of impending performance and capacity degradation
 Identifies potential performance problems before they start
50
Tools – vCenter Operations
Slide 51
51