Transcript ITU Perspective on ENUM

ITU Perspective on ENUM
ICANN
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
March 25, 2003
Robert Shaw
<[email protected]>
ITU Internet Strategy and Policy Advisor
International
Telecommunication
Union
What is the ITU?
• International organization where governments
and private sector coordinate global telecom
networks and services
• Founded in 1865, it is the oldest specialized
agency of the UN system
• 189 Member States, 650 Sector Members, 75
Sector Associates
• Website: http://www.itu.int
International
Telecommunication
Union
ITU structure: simple view
Radiocommunication
Sector (ITU-R)
Management of the
radio-frequency
spectrum and satellite
orbits used by services
such as fixed, mobile,
broadcasting, amateur,
space research,
meteorology, global
positioning systems,
environmental
monitoring and safety
of life at sea and in the
skies.
Telecommunication
Standardization
Sector (ITU-T)
Establish internationally
agreed technical and
operating standards
“Recommendations” for
networks and services
Telecommunication
Development
Sector (ITU-D)
Assistance to developing
countries to facilitate
connectivity and access,
foster policy, regulatory
and network readiness,
expand human capacity
through training
programmes, formulate
financing strategies and
e-enable enterprises in
developing countries
International
Telecommunication
Union
How has the Internet
impacted ITU?
• Support for IP-related technologies is now strategic
element in design, development and use of most
telecommunication networks;
• Has had major impact on ITU’s core activities in
radiocommunication, telecom standardization and
development programmes
• Has broadened ITU’s focus from coordination of
global telephony and radiocommunication systems to
info-communications networks services and
technologies (which includes IP-based networks and
the Internet)
International
Telecommunication
Union
Understanding
telecommunication trends
• Trend towards integration and interoperability of IPbased and PSTN network services and applications
• Emergence of differentiated Quality of Service
(“QoS”) IP-based services
• Managed end-to-end performance needed for new
applications requiring real-time traffic (e.g., video,
voice)
• New network management, QoS, traffic engineering,
pricing & accounting models emerging
International
Telecommunication
Union
Issues of Convergence
• Problems of addressing ‘calls’ that pass from
one network service to another:
– Now widely possible to originate calls from IP
address-based networks to other networks
– But uncommon to terminate calls from other
networks to IP address-based networks
– To access a subscriber on an IP address-based
network, some sort of global addressing scheme
across PSTN and IP address-based networks
needed
• ENUM may be solution
International
Telecommunication
Union
Why is discussion of ENUM
important?
• Mapping of telephone numbers onto Internet
• Could allow conventional telephones to call IP
terminals (e.g. PCs).
• Should telephone numbers used in this way
be subject to government oversight and
regulation?
• Who should exercise control over telephone
numbers used in this way?
International
Telecommunication
Union
Caveats
• Complex topic
• Focused on E.164 infrastructure and policy
issues, not ENUM services
• Work in progress
International
Telecommunication
Union
What is E.164?
• ITU-T Recommendation E.164: “The
international public telecommunication
numbering plan”
• Tied to treaty obligations (specific roles and
obligations defined for ITU Member States
and ITU-T TSB Director)
• Defines number structure and functionality for
four principal categories of numbers
International
Telecommunication
Union
Examples of E.164 Resources
• Geographic areas
– ITU Member States, including integrated numbering plan
involving more than one (e.g. +1)
• Global Services
– Universal International Freephone Numbers (+800)
– Universal Personal Telecommunications (+878 + 2 digit IC)
• Networks
– Global Mobile Systems (+881 + 1 digit IC)
– Shared code for Networks (+ 882 + 2 digit IC)
• Groups of Countries
– ETNS
International
Telecommunication
Union
Some Complexities
• In telecommunication numbering, regulatory
tradition with government involvement
• In the Internet, management of naming and
addressing has tradition of “self-regulation”
– but increasing government interest
• National numbering/regulatory authorities
involved in coordinating ENUM servers &
services for their portion of E.164 resources
in respective countries
International
Telecommunication
Union
Some National Issues
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Integrity of national numbering plans
Competition between service providers
Telecommunications network security
Number portability
Carrier selection
Emergency services calls (including LBS)
Privacy
Control over personal records & slamming
Legal intercept
International
Telecommunication
Union
Roles and Responsibilities
• Most ENUM service and administrative decisions are
national issues under purview of ITU Member States,
since most E.164 resources are utilized nationally
• ITU to ensure that Member State has specifically
authorized inclusion of geographic country code in
the DNS
• In integrated numbering plan, each ITU Member
State within plan may administer their portion of
E.164 resources mapped into DNS as they see fit
International
Telecommunication
Union
ITU Responsibilities
• Define and implement administrative
procedures that coordinate delegations of
E.164 numbering resources into the agreed
DNS name servers
• Defined in draft Recommendation E.A-ENUM
under preparation by ITU-T Study Group 2
• Interim procedures agreed by SG2 at:
www.itu.int/ITU-T/inr/enum/index.html
International
Telecommunication
Union
National Consideration Issues
• Consultation process with interested communities
• National deployment Issues
– How do you authenticate the identity of the subscriber for
ENUM services?
– Who are ENUM Registrars, what are they responsible for?
– How do you validate ENUM data for potential users (Add Modify – Delete) NAPTR list of services and preferences?
– How is data provisioned in the country code name servers?
– Competition policy issues
• For info on actual consultations, see:
www.itu.int/ITU-T/inr/enum/trials.html
International
Telecommunication
Union
ITU Past Activities
• Discussion with IETF and RIPE NCC on roles
and responsibilities
• Preparation and circulation of tutorial papers,
workshops
• ITU-T SG 2 ‘Supplement’ on issues that need
to be addressed by national and international
authorities
• ITU-T SG 2 Meetings in 2001 and 2002
• Interim administration arrangements
International
Telecommunication
Union
ITU Future Activities
• Workshops
• Cooperate with IAB/IETF on final choice of
TLD, registry, operations requirements
• Further discuss new draft Recommendation
E.A-ENUM (next SG meeting in May 2003)
• For more info:
– www.itu.int/ITU-T/inr/enum/
– www.itu.int/ITU-T/worksem/enum/
– www.itu.int/newsroom/press_releases/2002/NP05.
html
International
Telecommunication
Union
International
Telecommunication
Union
Helping the world communicate
Thank you
International
Telecommunication
Union