Transcript Networking Basics

Networking Basics
Foundational Concepts
Elliott Wood - Solerant
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Basic Network Overview
Router/Firewall
User Desktop
Switch
Switch
User Desktop
Mobile Device
User Laptop
Physical Segregation of Subnets
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Easily identified
Takes extra rack space
Underutilized ports
Multiple Uplinks
7 Layers of a Network
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• Switches
• Switches direct traffic to MAC Addresses
• MAC Addresses (0E:12:45:AB:23:C9)
• Every Network Device Has a UNIQUE MAC
Address
• A MAC address is permanently assigned to
the device from the factory.
• A MAC address is not routable.
• Layer 2 Provides VLAN Capability
• Separates traffic onto discreet logical networks
• Improves troubleshooting ability
• Provides Quality of Service options
• Layer 3 – Routers/Layer 3 Switches
• Provide means to connect to
other networks.
• Wide Area Network vs Local Area
Network
• Routers are the intersections of the
internet. Lots of traffic consolidated
via one router.
• What is an IP Address?
• A unique numeric address
assigned to a computer
(or device) on a network
• An IP address is mapped to
the MAC address of a
particular device.
• What is an IP Address?
• An IP address identifies the
network and the host (device)
• The subnet mask determines what
part of the address is the network
address and what part is the host
address.
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WIFI Router
• Home All In One Device
WIFI AP
• Like a switch for WIFI
WIFI Bridge
• Connects Wirelessly to another WIFI Bridge
WIFI Controller
• Control Multiple AP’s and Bridges
Home WIFI
• Low Cost
• Very little capacity
• Not supported for office use
Enterprise-ish
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Low Cost
Basic enterprise features
More capacity than home
Low support
Enterprise
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Higher Cost
Enterprise features
Handle Capacity Well
Enterprise Support
VLAN’s
• What is a VLAN?
– Use to divide a switch into multiple networks
– Uses a common physical network (cabling, switches,
etc.)
Simple VLAN
Router/Firewall
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User Desktop
User Laptop
User Desktop
Mobile Device
Real World Example
Mobile Device
Router/Firewall
User Laptop
Server1
Server2
Core Switch
Perimeter Switch
Typical Solerant Client
VOIP PBX
User Desktop
VLAN1 (Production)
VLAN5 (Guest Wireless)
User Desktop
VLAN100 (VOIP)
VLAN1
VLAN5
VLAN100