Transcript Roman Government

Warm Up
• Copy HW
• Please take out last night’s HW
• Please review yesterday’s quiz and be
ready to ask any questions you may
have
Essential Questions
• How has the relationship between people and
their government changed?
• How can societies use what they learned from
the past?
Preview
• Describe a time when you were treated unfairly.
• What actions did you take to improve your
situation?
• What actions could you have taken that you
didn’t?
• Why didn’t you?
Rome’s Government
1.The Etruscans ruled Rome from
616 and 509 B.C.E.
2. The patricians were a small
group of wealthy landowners. They
elected the “fathers of the state,”
who advised the Etruscan king.
3. The plebeians were peasants,
laborers, crafts people, and
shopkeepers. They had very little
voice in the government
Similarities in Classes…
•
•
•
•
Both were Roman citizens
Both had right to vote
Both had to pay taxes
Both had to serve in army
Differences in Classes…
• Not allowed to marry
outside of your class.
• Plebeians could not
hold political office
How did Rome’s Government
Work?
Consuls
2 Patricians chosen each year.
Headed the army and ran the
government. Could veto each
other
Praetors
Interpreted law and act as
judges.
Senate
300 Patricians who served for
life. Originally gave advice to
consuls…later more powerful.
Assembly of
Centuries
Elected Consuls and Praetors,
passed laws.
President/VP
Supreme court
•
Back row (left to right): Sonia Sotomayor, Stephen G. Breyer, Samuel A. Alito, and
Elena Kagan. Front row (left to right): Clarence Thomas, Antonin Scalia, Chief
Justice John G. Roberts, Anthony Kennedy, and Ruth Bader Ginsburg
cabinet
Congress:
Senate and House of Representatives
Section 3
All power was in the hands of the patricians
Power was in the hands of the Senate.
Only patricians could be senators and consuls.
Patricians elected the senators.
Section 4
• Patricians held the power. They made the decisions and
interpreted the laws to benefit themselves.
Patricians were frightened by the actions of the plebeians
because the work on the farms and in the city came to a halt.
Also, patricians were afraid that, without plebeians, the army
was too weak to defend Rome.
Section 5
• The Tribunes of the Plebs spoke for the
plebeians and could veto actions of the
Senate.
• The Council of Plebs made laws for all
plebeians.
Patricians Against Plebeians
•
494 BC- go on strike and set up their own Republic
•
471 BC- Council of Plebes-voice their concerns about the government
•
455 BC- marriage between classes is OK and plebeians can veto laws
•
451 BCE- Twelve Tables first set of written laws-451 BCE
Applied only to Roman Citizens.
*
367 BCE- ½ consuls must be Plebeian
•
300 BC- could advise consuls
•
287 BC- Council of Plebes could pass laws
•
Nice reforms, but the rich still held most of the power and women had none
Roman Law
• The Law of Nations later formed to apply to
non-citizens and citizens
– Innocent until proven guilty
– Right to defend yourself before judge.
Struggles of Various Social Groups
Roman Republic
United States
•
494 BC- go on strike and set up
their own Republic
•
1868 -Birth - "All persons born or naturalized"
"are citizens" of the U.S. and the U.S. State
where they reside -1 4th Amendment
•
471 BC- Council of Plebes-voice
their concerns about the
government
•
1870- "Race, color, or previous condition of
servitude" - 15th Amendment
•
1920- "On account of sex" - 19th Amendment,
455 BC- marriage between classes
is OK and plebeians can veto laws
•
1961- In Washington, D.C., presidential elections
23rd Amendment
•
1966-"By reason of failure to pay any poll tax or
other tax“
•
1971-"Who are eighteen years of age or older,
to vote, shall not be denied or abridged by the
United States or by any state on account of age"
26th Amendment
•
•
•
300 BC- could advise consuls
287 BC- Council of Plebes could
pass laws
Who would be the next groups that
need to more rights?????
Section 5
•
•
•
•
•
•
Characteristics of the Roman/US Republic
a written Constitution
elected assemblies
citizenship
civic duty
checks and balances
Spirit of republicanism.
Closure
• Define the following terms
•
•
•
•
•
•
Republic
Patricians
Plebeians
Senate
Consul
Veto