The Roman Army Who was in the Roman army?
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Transcript The Roman Army Who was in the Roman army?
Dalya Levin
The entire population served in the army, rich or poor
(except women)
The lower classes were foot soldiers (the infantry)
The soldiers on horse back were the rich classes
(the cavalry)
The cavalry were those who could afford to have a
horse
Officers bought their own armor and weapons
If an officer wanted a horse, he had to provide and care
for the horse himself
The rich soldiers in the cavalry were called equites
Only men could be in the Roman Army
Every Roman soldier was a Roman citizen
He had to be at least 20 years old
But some gravestones in Britain show that boys of 14
years joined the legions
Soldiers were not supposed to get married
Most soldiers in the Roman Empire came from
countries outside Italy
There were Roman soldiers from Africa, France,
Germany, the Balkans, Spain and the Middle East
The legions did not only have soldiers
There were also doctors, and engineers
Foot soldiers included:
principes
(first line soldiers)
Triarii
(reserves)
hastati
(spear throwers)
Soldiers had to stay in the army for at least 25 years!
Then they could retire, with a pension
or a gift of land to farm
Old soldiers often settled down to old age together, in
a military town or colonia
This gave Rome retired but trained military men who
could help to protect towns and villages all over the
empire
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/romans/t
he_roman_army/includes/activities/pdfs/r_structure_
roman_army.pdf
There were about 30 legions in the Roman
army
Each legion had between 4,000 and 6,000
soldiers
Soldiers were called called legionaries
Each legion had ten cohorts
Each cohort was made up of six troops of
about 80 legionaries, called centuries.
Each century was led by a centurion
A centurion carried a short rod, to
show his importance
He could also use his stick to beat any
soldier who disobeyed an order
The officer commanding the whole
legion was called a legate
The ancient Romans loved pomp and spectacle
The Roman legion provided a big show!
Each legion had its own special banner, its own
name, and its own number
Within the legion, centuries also had a banner
The legion had trumpet players, drummers and
other noisemakers
A Roman legion on the march was certainly
spectacular
A whole legion could be punished for
failing to fight well in battle – even if the
Romans did win the battle itself!
When a legion moved camp, they would
break apart the old camp and march away
When they stopped for the night, they
would build a new camp, complete with
walls, towers, and even roads