Transcript Ancient Rome

By: Aislynn & Eylora
Period 3
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The Romans native language was Latin.
They used this language both for speaking
and in writing.
The Roman alphabet was influenced by the
Greeks and the Etruscans.
The Roman alphabet was not pictographic.
We can not read it in the present day.
The Romans wanted a form of
communication to be able to carry
messages long distances, without them
being told to the receiver orally.
The eastern half of the Roman Empire
eventually became Greek-speaking after
being conquered by the Byzantines who
then only spoke Greek. The Latin language
however was preserved and developed into
languages, such as Spanish, Portuguese,
French and Italian. The Latin writing was
also preserved.
Ancient Roman Writings.
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The Romans wanted to tell future
generations about the past by making art
and architecture to show their past
achievements.
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Roman art was mainly displayed through
their churches; to show religious
ceremonies. Religion is what inspired the
Roman’s art.
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The Romans were influenced by the
Etruscans and used mathematics and
gravity to build architecture that still
stands today, over 2,000 years later.
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From the Romans art and architecture we
know about their past daily life,
ceremonies and achievements.
Roman Art of Architecture.
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One major contribution to the ancient world the
Romans made was the spread of Christianity. With
a huge empire connected under one official
government Christianity spread quickly through
the Mediterranean.
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The empires that the Romans conquered
preserved the Latin language and developed it into
other modern day languages ( Italian, Portuguese,
and French).
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The slave population was also a major
contribution. The Romans used their war
prisoners as slaves who did all the heavy lifting to
make architectural monuments we have today.
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The founders of our country admired the way the
Romans built their government and based ours on
theirs. Like the Romans we elect our leaders. Also
like the Romans we have written laws documented
in the Constitution.
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The Romans left us with many modern day
languages, religion, and architecture that still
stand today.
Roman Religious Ceremonial Square.
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The Romans did have a golden age called the
Pax Romana or also known as the Roman
Peace.
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The Pax Romana began after the rule of
Augustus and lasted around 200 years. The
emperors who followed him tried hard to
follow his legacy.
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The Pax Romana was a time of wealth,
prosperity and increased trade for the Romans.
All the wealth led to many architectural
achievements such as the Coliseum and the
Circus Maximus.
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The Pax Romana was also a time for culture
and literature. Some of the worlds most
famous plays, poems and stories were written
during this time.
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The Golden Age ended when the empire split
in two -due to the constant attacks at the
boarder. The Byzantines eventually took over.
Coin from the Golden Age.
The Roman empire depended on slaves
as a cheap source of labor to produce
wealth. However, when the Romans
conquered a civilization they did let the
people become citizens of the Roman
empire. The ancient Romans got their
slave population from capturing war
prisoners.
 The Romans forced their slaves into
doing all the heavy lifting and building
their cities.
 Slavery was not based on race or religion,
simply on who the ancient Romans
fought and captured as war prisoners.
 If you became a slave it was permanent.
You could not climb in this caste or
ranking.
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Slaves Working in Bakery.
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At first Rome was just a small town in Italy. It
wasn’t fully established until the year 753 B.C.
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Legend states that it was the twin brothers
Romulus and Remus that established Rome.
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Rome fell when the empire grew too large and
eventually split in two. With the constant attacks
at the boarders and the government breaking
down the Roman empire fell in the year 476 AD.
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The Roman empire started their expansion in Italy
around 100 B.C. As the Romans expanded their
empire even more in the next 200 years they
controlled most of the Mediterranean around the
year 117 AD.
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The Romans conquered the Persians (Parthian and
Sassanian Dynasties.)
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The Romans were conquered by barbarous groups
who had complex societies and strong notorious
leaders that had an army of thousands.
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It was the Romans geographic location that kept
the empire alive. With the Mediterranean
providing trade routes, increasing wealth kept the
empire on its feet. The Mediterranean was also a
possible escape route.
Ancient Rome in Flames.
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Before Rome had emperors it had been run by the
Senate, who was elected by the people. This made Rome
a republic.
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In the Senate the people of Rome voted for the two
consuls. The consuls were the ones who governed Rome.
After they had served for a year they were replaced.
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Magistrates kept law and order in the Senate and
managed Rome’s finances. When magistrates retired
from their old job they became senators.
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The people of Rome voted for the tribunes. It was the
tribunes job to make sure that the citizens of Rome were
treated justly.
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Senators went to the Senate to debate important
government concerns. The Senators job was to give
guidance to the two consuls.
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The first Roman laws were written down on the Twelve
Tablets for all to see. Their laws concerned everyday life,
jobs and citizens rights. Roman law covered a wide range
of areas including: Religion, Rights of Roman Citizens,
Public Meetings and Assemblies, the Senate and
Magistrates, Laws relating to laws and Privileges,
Provinces and their Governors, Agrarian laws, Laws
relating to Corn, Expenses of the State, Military affairs,
Tutorship and Wardships (De Tutelis), Wills and
Legacies, Money and Lending, Judges, Laws relating to
trials and judgments, Crimes, Slaves and slavery and
Marriage and Divorce
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A government official called a praetor was the head of
the court. Different praetors had authority over different
types of proceedings.
Ancient Roman Senate Meeting.
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Trade made the Roman empire a huge trade network.
It created prosperity and it moved goods from one end
of the empire to the other. It led to the discovery of
new plants, herbs and crops. Trade made Rome
multicultural. Trade provided new foods and spices,
and influenced art and architecture. Trade provided
dyes for textiles and stones for embellishing jewelry.
Trade encouraged the exchange of ideas and
knowledge.
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The Romans traded textiles like clothing, garments,
wool, and plants and metals like gold, silver, copper,
iron, brass, stone (to make marble and brick). The
Romans also traded salt, grain pottery, wood, tools,
weapons and people (slave trade).
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The Roman empire was in a prime geographic location
for trade. The Tiber River was a major trade route
because it had important cities along it. The
Mediterranean Sea was also a major place for trade
routes. The Mediterranean gave the Romans access to
North Africa.
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The social make-up of ancient Rome was based on
heredity, property, wealth, citizenship and freedom.
The economy of Rome depended on success at war to
keep the slaves and the cheap grain coming to feed the
poor plebeian class.
Roman Merchants at Trading Market.
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The Romans were influenced by the Greeks
and they were first polytheistic, but then
converted to monotheism.
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Around 300 AD Christianity came into play
from Judea. Many of the Roman leaders did
not approve of the new religion because they
feared it would cause rebellion and began
executing the Christians but small groups met
in secret. When Constantine became emperor
he became a Christian himself, and banned all
other religions.
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The government and the church were very
much affiliated with each other; no event
could take place without the priest agreeing to
it first.
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Although the Romans thought themselves to
be very religions, but did not believe in life
after death or reincarnation.
Romans meeting in secret to practice Christianity.
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The Romans invented the sundial to tell the time
and the calendar to tell the day.
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They were able to make a calendar by studying the
phases of the moon called a Lunar calendar. They
used the calendar for centuries not knowing there
were flaws. The Romans then based their calendar
on the Sun which was called the Julian Calendar.
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The Romans used aqueducts to transport water
long distances. The Romans used this system for
farming, trade and transporting materials to
building sites.
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The Romans got their slaves to build the buildings,
making them carry large, heavy chunks of
concrete to the building site. The Romans used
pulley systems to haul the building material up the
building.
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Roman roads were made out of gravel, granite and
hardened volcanic rock. The Romans had the
slaves do hard labor in placing the cement down.
The Romans were able to build over 50,000 miles
of road by 200 A.D, that we still use today.
Ancient Roman Sundial.
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http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=ancient+roman+trade&qs=n&form=QBIR&pq=ancient+roman+trade&sc=0-0&sp=1&sk=#view=detail&id=B98CD21CAFC81B8DB2BDEE41FCBED
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http://ancient-rome.biz/daily-life.html
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http://www.ehow.com/info_8346529_contributions-ancient-roman-civilization.html
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htmlromangov.weebly.com/roman-republic.html
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http://http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=ancient+roman+government+meetings&FORM=HDRSC2#view=detail&id=7CF071C1
5B0B2C58E06EE2E5099E8CDB2D00CAD3&selectedIndex=2
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http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_were_the_Ancient_Romans_courts_like
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http://thumbs.dreamstime.com/z/latin-writing-20423572.jpg
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http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=ancient+roman+sundial&qs=n&form=QBIR&pq=ancient+roman+sundial&sc=8-16&sp=1&sk=#view=detail&id=DC50D827602DB8C4DDA18A8798FA8914B49BF5CA&selectedIndex=0
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http://www.roman-empire.net/children/history.html
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http://www.history.com/news/history-lists/10-innovations-that-built-ancient-rome
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http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/ancient_rome_and_trade.htm
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http://www.hierarchystructure.com/ancient-roman-government-hierarchy/
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http://www.mariamilani.com/ancient_rome/Ancient_Roman_Currency_Economy.htm