Transcript Chapter 8 The Rise of Rome

Bell ringer
 No
phones at all. If out, I will take
them and your parent will have to
come get it at the office.
 Do
not sit on desks, one broke
yesterday.
Chapter 8
The Rise of Rome
Section 1
Rome’s Beginnings
I. The Origins of Rome (pgs. 263-265)
A. Italy is a boot-shaped country in the
Mediterranean.
 Rome about mid way up the boot.
B. The heel points toward Greece and the boot
points toward the island of Sicily.
C. The Alps are mountains at Italy’s northern border,
and the Apennines is a mountain range that extends
through Italy from north to south.
D. Italy’s terrain was easier to farm than the terrain of
Greece, so Italy could support more people.
E. Among to first settle in Italy were a Latin-speaking
people who built Rome on the plain of Latium (layshee*uhm).
II. Where Was Rome Located?



Geography played an important role in the rise of the
Roman civilization.
A. Rome was located in central Italy on the Tiber
River.
B. Rome was built on 7 steep hills which allowed an
easy defense of the city.



There are two legends that describe how
Rome began.
C. The first is a traditional story of two twin
brothers, Remus and Romulus.
They were abandoned as babies near the
Tiber River, rescued by a wolf, and raised by
a shepherd.


Remus and Romulus decided to build a city in
753 B.C., but quarreled over the city’s
boundaries.
D. Romulus killed Remus and went on to
become the first king of Rome and named the
new city after himself.
http://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=wA1D9wd2
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E. The second story comes from the epic Aeneid
written by the Roman poet Virgil.

F. This is a story of a Trojan hero named
Aeneas who united the Trojans and some of
the Latins.
G. He became the “father” of the Romans.
III. Early Influences
A. After about 800 B.C., two other groups joined the
Romans in Italy:
1)
The Greeks
2)
The Etruscans (ih*truhs*kuhnz)
The Greeks came to southern Italy and Sicily
between 750 B.C. and 550 B.C. to establish
colonies.
B. From the Greeks, Romans learned:
1)
To grow grapes and olives
2)
Adopted the Greek alphabet
3)
Architecture
4)
Sculpture
5)
Literature
Exit Questions-Treat like Bell
ringer
 What
are some things both the
Greeks and Romans did?
 What River is Rome located near by?
 How was farming compared to
Greece?
 What shape is the country of Italy?
 What language did the first people to
enter Italy and build Rome speak?
 Who is the father of the Romans?
Bell ringer- 5 minutes
Remember no phones at all.
 In
your words re-tell me the story of
Romulus and Remus. 4-5 sentences.
C. Rome’s early growth was influenced most by the
Etruscans.
D. The Etruscans were skilled metalworkers and
became rich from mining and trade.
E. The Etruscans:
1)
Changed Rome from a village to a city
2)
Laid out streets and buildings around a central
square
3)
Introduced a new style of dress featuring short
cloaks and togas
4)
Army served as a model for the mighty army the
Romans would eventually assemble.
IV. The Birth of a Republic (pgs. 265-267)
A. The Tarquins (tahr*kwihnz) were leaders of
the Etruscan-ruled Rome and were often cruel.
B. In 509 B.C., after 100 years under the
Tarquins, the Romans rebelled and overthrew
them.
C. The Romans established a Republic.
In a Republic, the leader is not a king or
queen, but someone who is voted into
office by citizens with the right to vote.
V. Why Was Rome So Strong?
A. Romans were able to conquer Italy because
they were excellent soldiers.
B. Every male citizen who owned land had to
serve in the army.
C. Discipline was harsh, and deserters were
punished by death.
At first, the Romans fought like the Greeks.
D. They soon reorganized into smaller groups
called legions.
E. Each legion had about 6,000 men and was
further divided into groups of 60 – 120 soldiers.
F. Roman soldiers were called legionaries.
G. They were armed with a short sword called a
gladius and a spear called a pilum.
VI. Shrewd Rulers
A. The Romans were not only good fighters, but
were also smart planners.
B. They built permanent military settlements so
that troops could travel swiftly.
Like modern day bases we have in Japan,
Germany, etc.
C. To rule their new conquests, the Romans
created the Roman Confederation.
D. Under this system, Romans gave full
citizenship to some peoples, especially other
Latins.
E. The Romans granted other peoples the
status of allies.
F. The Romans knew that conquered peoples
would be more loyal to the government if they
were well treated.
G. As a result, the Republic grew stronger and
more unified.
 Why
did the Romans treat conquered
people with respect?
 What was built in order to help the
troops move quickly between
battles?
 What did you have to do if you
owned land?
 Who were the cruel leaders of the
Etruscans?