Transcript Talmud - Comparative

Anna Justice, James Han, Shelby Jefcoat, Margaret Wickham
70-500 C.E.Period
• 66-73- During
this time period
the Jews revolted
against Rome
• 70- Destruction
of the Jerusalem
and the Temple
70-500 C.E.
• 90-100-Gamaliel II
excludes sectarians
(including Christians)
from the synagogues
• 114-117- During this
time Jews revolted
against Rome in Cyprus,
Egypt, and Cyrene.
The Great Synagogue
and the Great Library in
Alexandria are
destroyed as well as the
entire Jeiwsh community
of Cyprus. Afterwards,
Jews were forbidden on
Cyprus.
70-500 C.E.
• 132-135- Bar
Kokhba rebellion
(Second Jewish
Revolt). Roman forces
kill an estimated half a
million Jews and
destroy 985 villages
and 50 fortresses.
• 212- Roman Emperor
Caracalla allows free
Jews within the empire
to become full Roman
citizens.
70-500 C.E.
• 250- Babylonian Jews flourish (as does
Manichaeism) under Persian King Shapur
• 315- Code of Constantine limits rights of
non-Christians, is Constantine's first antiJewish act.
• 368- Jerusalem Talmud compiled
• 410- Rome sacked by Visigoths
• 425-Jewish office of Nasi/Prince abolished
by Rome
• 426- Babylonian Talmud compiled.
• 439- Theodosis enacts a code prohibiting Jews
from holding important positions involving money.
He also reenacts a law forbidding the building of
new synagogues.
• 500- Babylonian Talmud recorded.
• After conquering Italy in 493, Ostrogoth king
Theodoric issues an edict safeguarding the Jews
and ensuring their right to determine civil disputes
and freedom of worship.
Talmud
• Jewish code of law
– In the form of Rabbinic
discussions
• 2 Talmuds were written
during this time
– Jerusalem
– Babylonian
Jerusalem Talmud
• A.k.a Palestinian Talmud or Talmud de-Eretz
Yisrael (Talmud of the Land of Israel)
• Written in 368CE
• collection of Rabbinic notes on the 2nd-century
Mishnah (Jewish oral tradition)
• This along with the written discussions of
generations of rabbis in the Land of Israel form the
Gemarna
Babylonian Talmud
• Compiled in 426CE
• A record of rabbinic
discussions pertaining
to Jewish law
• The Talmud has two
components: the
Mishnah, the first
written compendium of
Judaism's Oral Law;
and the Gemara(a
discussion of the
Mishnah and related
Tannaitic writings)
Jewish Treatment (70CE-500CE)
• 69 CE-Vespasian gives Yochanan ben Zakkai
permission to establish a Jewish center for study at
Yavneh.
• 136 CE- Hadrian expunges Jews from
Jerusalem.
• 138-161 CE- Antoninus Pius, Hadrian's
sucessor, repeals many of the previously instituted
harsh policies towards Jews.
Jewish Treatment (70CE-500CE)
• 193-211 CE- Roman
emperor Lucious
Septimus Severus
allowins Jews to
participate in public offices
and be exempt from
formalities contrary to
Judaism. However, he did
not allow the Jews to
convert anyone.
• 212 CE- Roman
Emperor Caracalla allows
free Jews within the empire
to become full Roman
citizens.
Jewish Treatment (70CE-500CE)
• 222 CE- Emperor Alexander Severus allowed
for a revival of Jewish rights, including permission
to visit Jerusalem.
• 306 CE- The Council of Elvira, forbids
intermarriage and social interaction with Jews.
• 315 CE- Code of Constantine limits rights of
non-Christians
Jewish Treatment (70CE-500CE)
• Theodosis enacts a
code prohibiting Jews
from holding important
positions involving
money. He also
reenacts a law
forbidding the building
of new synagogues.