Transcript Exhibit A

Exhibit A
Exhibit B
Exhibit C
Exhibit D (Rome)
Exhibit E
Etruscan women take particular care of their bodies
and exercise often, sometimes along with the men,
and sometimes by themselves. It is not a disgrace
for them to be seen naked. They do not share their
couches with their husbands but with the other men
who happen to be present, and they propose toasts
to anyone they choose. They are expert drinkers
and very attractive.
Theopompus Chios , A Greek historian's account of
the behavior of Etruscan women., 4th cent. B.C.
Exhibit F
There are three ways of running a government,
which are kingship, aristocracy, and democracy.
We regard the best government as one that
partakes of all of these elements
Polibius, Roman Historian, 204-104 BC
Exhibit G
Theodosius (Roman Emperor from 375-395) delivered a speech to them [Senate] in
which he exhorted them to recant their "error" (as he called it) and to embrace the
Christian faith because it promised forgiveness of every sin and every kind of
impiety. None was persuaded by this harangue or was willing to give up the rites
which had been passed on from generation to generation since the City's founding,
in favor of an absurd belief. For, the Senators said, by preserving the former rites
they had inhabited a city unconquered for almost 1,200 years, while they did not
know what would happen if they exchanged these rituals for something different.
In turn Theodosius said that the treasury was burdened by the expense of the rites
and the sacrifices; that he wanted to abolish them; that he did not approve of them
and, furthermore, that military necessities called for additional funds. The Senators
replied that the ceremonies could not be performed except at public expense.
Nevertheless, a law abolishing them was laid down and, as others things which had
been handed down from ancestral times lay neglected, the Empire of the Romans
was gradually diminished and became a domicile of barbarians.
Zosimu, a pagan historian