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* Italy ~ on the West coast, mid way down. * On the Tiber River * 7 hills Aventine Palatine Quirinal Viminal Capitoline Caelian Esquiline * Believed to be from East Asia Minor. * Developed an alphabet similar to Greek. * Brought ideas about politics and cities. * Group that settled in Rome was named the Latins, and the area was latium. Rome’s first form of government was a Monarchy. The official founding year was 753 B.C. Rome had 7 kings in all. •Named Rome •Established Laws and sacrifices •Increased the population •Social organization •Deified • Romulus selected 100 of the most noble men to form the Roman senate as an advisory council to the king. These men he called patres (from pater = father, head), and their descendants became the patricians. He created three centuries of equites named Ramnes (meaning Romans), Tities (after the Sabine king) and a third called Luceres (Etruscans). He also divided the general populace into thirty curiae, named after thirty of the Sabine women who had intervened to end the war between Romulus and Tatius. The curiae formed the voting units in the Comitia Curiata. • In addition to the war with the Sabines and other tribes after the Rape of the Sabine Women, Romulus waged war against the Fidenates and Veientes. • After his death at the age of 54, Romulus was deified as the war god Quirinus and served not only as one of the three major gods of Rome but also as the deified likeness of the city of Rome. •Sabine •Learning and Piety •Established Cults and Priests ~Pontifex Maximus ~Vestal Virgins •Lunar Calendar •Emphasized warfare •Curia Hostilia •Taken out by Zeus •Numa’s Grandson •Formal rites for war declaration •Extended Roman influence •Janiculim Hill •Ostia •Plebian Class •Tiber Bridge •Etruscan •Adopted sone od Marcus •From Corinth to Tarquinii •Increased the army •100 Senators •Successful in War •Building Programs ~Fortification wall ~Drained the Forum ~Temple of Jupiter •Etruscan •Priscus’ son-in-law •Moved toward a Republic •Military reform ~census ~classes •Quirinal •Viminal •Temple to Diana •Assassinated by daughter Tullia & her husband Lucius Tarquinius •Etruscan •Son of Priscus •Son-in-law of Tullius •Named Superbus •Builds Circus Maximus •Sextus Tarquinius ~Collatinus ~Lucretia Types of Government • • • • 753 B.C- 510 B.C Monarchy/ Kingdom 509 B.C. – 30 B.C. Roman Republic 27 B.C.- 476 A.D. Roman Empire* 476 A.D. – 1461 A.D. Byzantine Empire