Transcript 3. roman life & christianity 15-16

ROMAN LIFE AND
CHRISTIANITY
I. ROMAN WORLD
A. SLAVES AND
CAPTIVITY
1. WIDESPREAD & IMPORTANT TO
ECONOMY
2. MOST BECAME SLAVES
THROUGH CAPTURE
3. TREATMENT OF SLAVES
a) BOUGHT & SOLD
b) PUNISHED OR REWARDED
c) SET FREE OR PUT TO DEATH
…SLAVES
4. JOBS
a) FARMING
b) CITY (ARTISANS)
c) GLADIATORS
B. GODS AND
GODDESSES
1. EVOLUTION
a) WORSHIPPED NATURE
SPIRITS OR FORCES
b) GIVEN NAMES & BECAME
HUMAN IN FORM
c) GREEK GODS GIVEN
ROMAN NAMES
2. GREEK TO ROMAN
DEITIES
a) ZEUS = JUPITER
b) HERA = JUNO
c) APOLLO = APOLLO
d) ATHENA = MINERVA
e) ARTEMIS = DIANA
f) APHRODITE = VENUS
3. SYMBOLS AND
IMAGES
a) SURVIVE IN MODERN
WESTERN CULTURE
(1) SYMBOLS, METAPHORS,
WORDS, IMAGES
b) LITERATURE - AESOP’S
FABLES
…SYMBOLS
c) ARCHITECTURE - ARCH
AND DOME
d) ART = CLASSICAL
STYLE (GREEK)
C. FAMILY
1. PATERFAMILIAS
a) ELDEST MAN
b) PROPERTY &
FAMILY
(1) DISOWN NEWBORNS
(2) BANISH FAMILY
MEMBERS
(3) SELL INTO SLAVERY
2. WOMEN’S ROLES
a) RAN HOUSEHOLDS
b) OWN PROPERTY
c) TESTIFY IN COURT
d) COULD NOT VOTE
3. CHILDREN AND
EDUCATION
a) BOYS
(1) BECAME CITIZENS WITH
RIGHT TO VOTE
(2) RICH ATTENDED
SCHOOLS
(3) POOR WORKED /
REMAINED ILLITERATE
…EDUCATION
b) GIRLS
(1) GIVEN FATHERS NAME
(2) EDUCATED AT HOME
(3) MARRIED AT 12 -15 TO
OLDER MAN
D. SOCIETY &
CULTURE
1. PATRICIANS
a) LIVED
EXTRAVAGANTLY
b) SPENT ON HOMES,
GARDENS, SLAVES,
LUXURIES
2. PLEBEIANS
a) GIVEN DAILY RATIONS OF
GRAIN
b) CROWDED WOODEN
APARTMENTS (TENEMENTS)
c) FIRE CONSTANT PROBLEM
3. CONTROLLING THE
MASSES
a) PROVIDED FREE GAMES,
RACES, GLADIATORS
b) USED TO DISTRACT FROM
LIVING CONDITIONS
c) 150 HOLIDAYS PER YEAR
4. COLISEUM
a) HUGE ARENA SEATING
50,000
b) ANIMALS FOUGHT TO DEATH
c) GLADIATOR CONTESTS
(TRUE GLADIATORS DID NOT
FIGHT TO DEATH)
II. ART /
ARCHITECTURE
A. PANTHEON
1. TEMPLE TO ALL DEITIES
2. CONSTRUCTED OF
CONCRETE
3. USE OF ARCH AND
DOME
PANTHEON
PANTHEON INTERIOR
PANTHEON INTERIOR
COFFERED DOME OF PANTHEON
B. CIRCUS MAXIMUS
1. ARENA SEATING 150,000
FOR CHARIOT RACES
2. CHARIOT TEAMS HAD
COLORS
3. FANS SUPPORTED FAVORITE
TEAMS (NASCAR)
CIRCUS MAXIMUS
C. FORUM
1. ETRUSCAN DESIGN FOR
CENTRAL AREA OF CITY
2. CENTER OF
GOVERNMENT AND
TRADE
III. SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY
A. TECHNOLOGY
1. ROADS
a) 50,000 MILES
b) USED TO CONTROL
EMPIRE
c) DEVELOPED INTO TRADE
ROUTES
2. AQUEDUCTS
a) INCORPORATED
IRRIGATION TECHNIQUES
& USE OF THE ARCH
b) DELIVERED FRESH
WATER TO OVER 1
MILLION PEOPLE
…AQUEDUCTS
c) CARRIED WATER OVER
60 MILES
d) SOME USED INTO LAST
CENTURY
AQUEDUCT
3. ARCH
a) INCORPORATED INTO
BUILDINGS
b) USED WITH DOME
c) SPREAD INTO
CHRISTIAN
ARCHITECTURE
B. SCIENCE
1. PTOLEMY
a) CALCULATED THE
MOVEMENT OF
PLANETS
b) PREDICTED THE
POSITION OF PLANETS
2. MEDICINE
a. EMPHASIZED PUBLIC
HEALTH
(1) PUBLIC BATHS
(2) HOT WATER
(3) TILE USE ETRUSCAN
(4) CLEAN WATER SUPPLY
BATHS AT
THE FORUM
…MEDICINE
b) ESTABLISHED MEDICAL
SCHOOLS
IV. LIFE & TEACHINGS
OF JESUS
A. ROMAN CONTROL
1.AROUND 63 B.C.
2. REMAINED
INDEPENDENT AT
BEGINNING
…CONTROL
3. JEWS ATTEMPTED
REVOLT
4. JUDEA BECAME
PROVINCE
…CONTROL
5. MESSIAH - SAVIOR WHO
WOULD RESTORE KINGDOM
B. JESUS
1. BORN 6-4 B.C.
2. JEWISH AND ROMAN
SUBJECT
3. BAPTIZED BY JOHN
…JESUS
4. MINISTRY (TEACHINGS)
a) MONOTHEISM
b) TEN COMMANDMENTS
c) STRESSED LOVE FOR
OTHERS
d) ETERNAL LIFE
C. MOVEMENT
a) INFORMATION ABOUT
CHRIST FROM GOSPELS
b) GOSPELS - 4 BOOKS OF
NEW TESTAMENT
c) WRITTEN BY DISCIPLES
(PUPILS)
D. JESUS’ DEATH
1. ROME CONCERNED
OVER CHRIST’S
POPULARITY
2. ARRESTED &
CONVICTED BY
PONTIUS PILATE
…DEATH
3. CHRIST CRUCIFIED
4. ASCENDED TO HEAVEN
...CRUCIFIXION
5. PETER
a) APOSTLE - TEACHER OF
JESUS’ MESSAGE
b) SPREAD TEACHINGS
THROUGH SYRIA AND
PALESTINE
c) ESTABLISHED CHURCH IN
ROME
V. CHRISTIANITY
SPREADS
A. PAUL’S MISSION
1. PAUL
a) HEBREW OPPOSED
TO CHRISTIANITY
…PAUL
b) HAD VISION AND HEARD
VOICE ON ROAD TO
DAMASCUS
c) BEGAN TO SPREAD
CHRISTIANITY
THROUGHOUT EMPIRE
2. PAX ROMANA
a) SAFE TRAVEL HELPED
SPREAD CHRISTIANITY
b) COMMON LANGUAGE
ALLOWED
UNDERSTANDING OF
MESSAGE
3. PAUL'S TEACHINGS
a) CHRIST SON OF GOD
b) ANYONE COULD BE
CHRISTIAN
c) ALLOWED RELIGION TO
GROW
B. JEWISH
REBELLION
1. JEWS REBELLED
2. ROME DESTROYED
JEWISH TEMPLE
3. WESTERN WALL LEFT
STANDING (WAILING
WALL)
…REBELLION
4. DIASPORA - JEWS
WERE SPREAD
THROUGHOUT EMPIRE
CREATING SCATTERED
JEWISH COMMINUTES
C. PERSECUTION OF
CHRISTIANS
1. CHRISTIANS REFUSED
TO WORSHIP ROMAN
GODS
(CONFLICTED WITH
ROMAN POLYTHEISM)
…PERSECUTION
2. PERSECUTED BY NERO
(SCAPEGOATS) FOR
POLITICAL & ECONOMIC
PROBLEMS
3. PETER AND PAUL PUT
TO DEATH IN ROME
…PERSECUTION
4. DECLINE OF PAX ROMANA
(CHRISTIANS)
a) IMPRISONED AND
EXECUTED
b) CRUCIFIED, BURNED,
KILLED BY ANIMALS
…PERSECUTION
c) MARTYRS - SACRIFICED
LIVES FOR BELIEFS
d) MISSIONARIES PEOPLE WHO SPREAD
RELIGIOUS TEACHINGS
CHRISTIANS
AND THE
LIONS
VI. WORLD RELIGION
A. INTRODUCTION - APPEAL
OF CHRISTIANITY
1. EMBRACED ALL PEOPLE
2. GAVE HOPE TO
POWERLESS
3. LIFE AFTER DEATH
B. CONSTANTINE
1. ROMAN EMPEROR
2. MILVIAN BRIDGE
a) SAW CROSS OF LIGHT
b) PLACED CROSS ON
SHIELDS
…MILVIAN BRIDGE
c) GAVE CREDIT FOR
VICTORY TO CHRISTIAN
GOD
3. PERSECUTIONS
a) ENDED PERSECUTIONS
b) EDICT OF MILAN
(1) PEOPLE FREE TO
CHOOSE OWN RELIGION
…PERSECUTIONS
c) THEODOSIUS
(1) MADE CHRISTIANITY
OFFICIAL RELIGION OF
ROME\
C. CHRISTIAN
CHURCH
1. STRUCTURE
a) LOCAL LEVEL
(PARISH) SMALL
GROUP OF
CHRISTIANS HEADED
BY A PRIEST
…STRUCTURE
b) SEVERAL LOCAL
CHURCHES (DIOCESE) HEADED BY A BISHOP
c) PETER - FIRST BISHOP
OF ROME
2. HEAD OF CHURCH
a) ALL CITIES HAD A BISHOP
b) POPE - FATHER OF
CHURCH (ROMAN BISHOP)
c) ROME BECAME CENTER
OF CHURCH
D. A SINGLE VOICE
1. HERESY
a) CONTRADICTING
BASIC CHURCH
TEACHINGS
(DOCTRINE)
2. NEW TESTAMENT
a) OFFICIAL STANDARD
OF BELIEF
b) BISHOPS FROM
LEADING CITIES WHO
SET CHURCH DOCTRINE
…TESTAMENT
c) NICENE CREED
(1) DEFINED BASIC
BELIEFS OF
CHRISTIANITY
E. FATHERS OF THE
CHURCH
1. EARLY WRITERS &
SCHOLARS WHO DEFINED
CHURCH TEACHINGS
2. AUGUSTINE
a) BISHOP OF HIPPO (N.
AFRICA)
…FATHERS
b) TEACHINGS / WRITINGS
(1) NEEDED GRACE OF
GOD TO BE SAVED
(2) HAD TO BELONG TO
CHURCH & RECEIVE
SACRAMENTS