Transcript The Roman Republic

The Roman Republic
509 BCE – 30 BCE
The Roman Republic – Notes (page 1)
Class Structure in the Roman Republic
• Roman _____________________
_____
(1) ________ – ____________
____________________
(2) _______ – _______________
__________________
Note: _____ did not belong to
either class. ___________
________________________
_________________________
Class Structure in the Roman Republic
• Roman citizens were divided into _
classes
(1) ________ – ____________
____________________
(2) _______ – _______________
__________________
Note: _____ did not belong to
either class. ___________
________________________
_________________________
Class Structure in the Roman Republic
• Roman citizens were divided into 2
classes
(1) ________ – ____________
____________________
(2) _______ – _______________
__________________
Note: _____ did not belong to
either class. ___________
________________________
_________________________
Class Structure in the Roman Republic
• Roman citizens were divided into 2
classes
(1) ________ – members of the
oldest and richest families
(2) _______ – _______________
__________________
Note: _____ did not belong to
either class. ___________
________________________
_________________________
Class Structure in the Roman Republic
• Roman citizens were divided into 2
classes
(1) patricians – members of the
oldest and richest families
(2) _______ – _______________
__________________
Note: _____ did not belong to
either class. ___________
________________________
_________________________
Class Structure in the Roman Republic
• Roman citizens were divided into 2
classes
(1) patricians – members of the
oldest and richest families
(2) _______ – poorer people, such
as farmers and artisans
Note: _____ did not belong to
either class. ___________
________________________
_________________________
Class Structure in the Roman Republic
• Roman citizens were divided into 2
classes
(1) patricians – members of the
oldest and richest families
(2) plebeians – poorer people, such
as farmers and artisans
Note: _____ did not belong to
either class. ___________
________________________
_________________________
Class Structure in the Roman Republic
• Roman citizens were divided into 2
classes
(1) patricians – members of the
oldest and richest families
(2) plebeians – poorer people, such
as farmers and artisans
Note: Slaves did not belong to
either class. ___________
________________________
_________________________
Class Structure in the Roman Republic
• Roman citizens were divided into 2
classes
(1) patricians – members of the
oldest and richest families
(2) plebeians – poorer people, such
as farmers and artisans
Note: Slaves did not belong to
either class. They were not
viewed as citizens! Slaves had
a nickname - ______________
Class Structure in the Roman Republic
• Roman citizens were divided into 2
classes
(1) patricians – members of the
oldest and richest families
(2) plebeians – poorer people, such
as farmers and artisans
Note: Slaves did not belong to
either class. They were not
viewed as citizens! Slaves had
a nickname – “tools that talked”
• _______
(1) had the exclusive right _____
_______________________
(a) ____________________
_________________
(b) ________________________
_________________________
• Patricians
(1) had the exclusive right _____
_______________________
(a) ____________________
_________________
(b) ________________________
_________________________
• Patricians
(1) had the exclusive right to hold
offices both ___ and ______
(a) ____________________
_________________
(b) ________________________
_________________________
• Patricians
(1) had the exclusive right to hold
offices both civil and religious
(a) ____________________
_________________
(b) ________________________
_________________________
• Patricians
(1) had the exclusive right to hold
offices both civil and religious
(a) because of this, they had
control over the ____
(b) ________________________
_________________________
• Patricians
(1) had the exclusive right to hold
offices both civil and religious
(a) because of this, they had
control over the gov’t
(b) ________________________
_________________________
• Patricians
(1) had the exclusive right to hold
offices both civil and religious
(a) because of this, they had
control over the gov’t
(b) this was true even though they
were only ___ of the population
• Patricians
(1) had the exclusive right to hold
offices both civil and religious
(a) because of this, they had
control over the gov’t
(b) this was true even though they
were only 10% of the population
(2) “patrician” __________________
__________________
(2) “patrician” derives from the ____
word for _____ (____)
(2) “patrician” derives from the Latin
word for _____ (____)
(2) “patrician” derives from the Latin
word for father (____)
(2) “patrician” derives from the Latin
word for father (pater)
(3) roles _________________
(a) __________________________
_____________
(b) ____________
(c) ________________
(d) _________________________
______________
(3) roles that patricians played
(a) __________________________
_____________
(b) ____________
(c) ________________
(d) _________________________
______________
(3) roles that patricians played
(a) leaders and representatives in the
gov’t and Senate
(b) ____________
(c) ________________
(d) _________________________
______________
(3) roles that patricians played
(a) leaders and representatives in the
gov’t and Senate
(b) religious leaders
(c) ________________
(d) _________________________
______________
(3) roles that patricians played
(a) leaders and representatives in the
gov’t and Senate
(b) religious leaders
(c) wealthy land owners
(d) _________________________
______________
(3) roles that patricians played
(a) leaders and representatives in the
gov’t and Senate
(b) religious leaders
(c) wealthy land owners
(d) businessmen (shipping companies,
warehouses, etc.)
(4) everyday ______________
(a) marriage rules
* _______________________
_____________
* most women _______________
________
* most men _______________
________
* men sought _____________
______________
* divorce _________
* _____________________
_________________
(4) everyday lives of patricians
(a) marriage rules
* _______________________
_____________
* most women _______________
________
* most men _______________
________
* men sought _____________
______________
* divorce _________
* _____________________
_________________
(4) everyday lives of patricians
(a) marriage rules
* people married to gain _____
and __________
* most women _______________
________
* most men _______________
________
* men sought _____________
______________
* divorce _________
* _____________________
_________________
(4) everyday lives of patricians
(a) marriage rules
* people married to gain wealth
and social status
* most women _______________
________
* most men _______________
________
* men sought _____________
______________
* divorce _________
* _____________________
_________________
(4) everyday lives of patricians
(a) marriage rules
* people married to gain wealth
and social status
* most women married around the
age of __
* most men _______________
________
* men sought _____________
______________
* divorce _________
* _____________________
_________________
(4) everyday lives of patricians
(a) marriage rules
* people married to gain wealth
and social status
* most women married around the
age of 13
* most men _______________
________
* men sought _____________
______________
* divorce _________
* _____________________
_________________
(4) everyday lives of patricians
(a) marriage rules
* people married to gain wealth
and social status
* most women married around the
age of 13
* most men married around the
age of __
* men sought _____________
______________
* divorce _________
* _____________________
_________________
(4) everyday lives of patricians
(a) marriage rules
* people married to gain wealth
and social status
* most women married around the
age of 13
* most men married around the
age of 20
* men sought _____________
______________
* divorce _________
* _____________________
_________________
(4) everyday lives of patricians
(a) marriage rules
* people married to gain wealth
and social status
* most women married around the
age of 13
* most men married around the
age of 20
* men sought to marry women
with large dowries
* divorce _________
* _____________________
_________________
(4) everyday lives of patricians
(a) marriage rules
* people married to gain wealth
and social status
* most women married around the
age of 13
* most men married around the
age of 20
* men sought to marry women
with large dowries
* divorce was common
* _____________________
_________________
(4) everyday lives of patricians
(a) marriage rules
* people married to gain wealth
and social status
* most women married around the
age of 13
* most men married around the
age of 20
* men sought to marry women
with large dowries
* divorce was common
* blended families with stepchildren were common
dowry (noun) - _____________
________________
__________________
dowry (noun) - money or property
brought by a bride to
her husband at marriage
Note: Women were treated __________
__________________________
_____________
Note: Women were treated like property
__________________________
_____________
Note: Women were treated like property
and were supposed to ________
_____________
Note: Women were treated like property
and were supposed to understand
their inferiority.
They were also ___________________
_______
They were also encouraged to have ____
_______
They were also encouraged to have many
children.
(5) patrician _____
(a) lived in ___________________
____________________
* ______________
* ______________________
_____
(5) patrician housing
(a) lived in ___________________
____________________
* ______________
* ______________________
_____
(5) patrician housing
(a) lived in a domus - ___________
____________________
* ______________
* ______________________
_____
(5) patrician housing
(a) lived in a domus – type of house
owned by wealthy families
* ______________
* ______________________
_____
(5) patrician housing
(a) lived in a domus – type of house
owned by wealthy families
* had multiple rooms
* ______________________
_____
(5) patrician housing
(a) lived in a domus – type of house
owned by wealthy families
* had multiple rooms
* had an indoor courtyard and
garden
• _______
(1) _____________________
_______
• Plebeians
(1) _____________________
_______
• Plebeians
(1) made up about __% of the
population
• Plebeians
(1) made up about 90% of the
population
(2) “plebeian” __________________
________________________
(3) represented by ________________
_________________
(2) “plebeian” derives from the ____
word for ___________ (____)
(3) represented by ________________
_________________
(2) “plebeian” derives from the Latin
word for ___________ (____)
(3) represented by ________________
_________________
(2) “plebeian” derives from the Latin
word for common people (____)
(3) represented by ________________
_________________
(2) “plebeian” derives from the Latin
word for common people (plebs)
(3) represented by ________________
_________________
(2) “plebeian” derives from the Latin
word for common people (plebs)
(3) represented by ______ in the gov’t
of the Roman Republic
(2) “plebeian” derives from the Latin
word for common people (plebs)
(3) represented by tribunes in the gov’t
of the Roman Republic
(4) roles that plebeians played
(a) ______
(b) ______
(c) ________________
(d) ________________________
(4) roles that plebeians played
(a) farmers
(b) ______
(c) ________________
(d) ________________________
(4) roles that plebeians played
(a) farmers
(b) artisans
(c) ________________
(d) ________________________
(4) roles that plebeians played
(a) farmers
(b) artisans
(c) small business owners
(d) ________________________
(4) roles that plebeians played
(a) farmers
(b) artisans
(c) small business owners
(d) any other job you can think of
Note: The plebeians had ___________
___________________________
Note: The plebeians had important jobs
that kept society alive and running
(5) plebeian _____
(a) lived in ____________
__________________
* ____________________
(5) plebeian housing
(a) lived in ____________
__________________
* ____________________
(5) plebeian housing
(a) lived in _____ – large,
overcrowded tenements
* ____________________
(5) plebeian housing
(a) lived in insulae – large,
overcrowded tenements
* ____________________
(5) plebeian housing
(a) lived in insulae – large,
overcrowded tenements
* stood _ to __ stories high
(5) plebeian housing
(a) lived in insulae – large,
overcrowded tenements
* stood 6 to 10 stories high
* rents ______________________
* ________________________
______________
- ____________________
- _________________________
* very little _____
* rents were often impossible to pay
* ________________________
______________
- ____________________
- _________________________
* very little _____
* rents were often impossible to pay
* the higher the apartment, the
______________
- ____________________
- _________________________
* very little _____
* rents were often impossible to pay
* the higher the apartment, the
cheaper the price
- ____________________
- _________________________
* very little _____
* rents were often impossible to pay
* the higher the apartment, the
cheaper the price
- no water on higher floors
- _________________________
* very little _____
* rents were often impossible to pay
* the higher the apartment, the
cheaper the price
- no water on higher floors
- no fires/cooking on higher floors
* very little _____
* rents were often impossible to pay
* the higher the apartment, the
cheaper the price
- no water on higher floors
- no fires/cooking on higher floors
* very little privacy
(b) the world’s first ______________
__________
* ________________________
_________________________
__________
(b) the world’s first ________ were in
ancient Rome
* ________________________
_________________________
__________
(b) the world’s first tenements were in
ancient Rome
* ________________________
_________________________
__________
(b) the world’s first tenements were in
ancient Rome
* they would forever change the
way the ___ and ____________
lived in cities
(b) the world’s first tenements were in
ancient Rome
* they would forever change the
way the poor and underprivileged
lived in cities
How?
Now, circle in colored pencil,
every place in your notes where
you used shorthand.
When you are finished, please
pass up your notes to the front of
the row.
Can you name the group?
(please don’t call it out)
(1) Find out where we are in this class
(2) Hand-backs
(3) Hand back shorthand notes
(4) Reminders for tomorrow (Current events
presenters, do you know what you are
turning in?)
So…What the
heck was the
Roman
Republic???
The Roman Republic – Notes (page 2)
The Roman Republic – Notes (page 2)
The Founding of the Roman Republic
• 753 – 509 BCE – _________________
___________________
(1) _________________________
_________
(2) __________________________
_____
• 753 – 509 BCE – Rome was a _______
(ruled by a single person)
(1) _________________________
_________
(2) __________________________
_____
• 753 – 509 BCE – Rome was a monarchy
(ruled by a single person)
(1) _________________________
_________
(2) __________________________
_____
• 753 – 509 BCE – Rome was a monarchy
(ruled by a single person)
(1) _ Etruscan kings ruled from 616
to 509 BCE
(2) __________________________
_____
• 753 – 509 BCE – Rome was a monarchy
(ruled by a single person)
(1) 3 Etruscan kings ruled from 616
to 509 BCE
(2) __________________________
_____
• 753 – 509 BCE – Rome was a monarchy
(ruled by a single person)
(1) 3 Etruscan kings ruled from 616
to 509 BCE
(2) last Etruscan king – __________
_____
• 753 – 509 BCE – Rome was a monarchy
(ruled by a single person)
(1) 3 Etruscan kings ruled from 616
to 509 BCE
(2) last Etruscan king – “Tarquin the
Proud”
• 509 – 44 BCE (or 27 BCE) – _________
______
(1) 509 BCE – ________________
______________
(a) story of ______
• 509 – 44 BCE (or 27 BCE) – The Roman
Republic
(1) 509 BCE – ________________
______________
(a) story of ______
• 509 – 44 BCE (or 27 BCE) – The Roman
Republic
(1) 509 BCE – ________ kicked out
Tarquin the Proud
(a) story of ______
• 509 – 44 BCE (or 27 BCE) – The Roman
Republic
(1) 509 BCE – patricians kicked out
Tarquin the Proud
(a) story of ______
• 509 – 44 BCE (or 27 BCE) – The Roman
Republic
(1) 509 BCE – patricians kicked out
Tarquin the Proud
(a) story of Lucretia
(2) patricians established _______
(a) _______________________
_______________________ (b)
in the beginning, _________
_____________________
____________________
(2) patricians established a republic
(a) republic - _______________
_______________________ (b)
in the beginning, _________
_____________________
____________________
(2) patricians established a republic
(a) republic – type of gov’t where
people choose their own
rulers
(b) in the beginning,
_________
_____________________
____________________
(2) patricians established a republic
(a) republic – type of gov’t where
people choose their own
rulers
(b) in the beginning,
_________
controlled and
ran the gov’t
____________________
(2) patricians established a republic
(a) republic – type of gov’t where
people choose their own
rulers
(b) in the beginning, the
wealthy
controlled and ran the
gov’t
(did not trust lone
rulers)
The Roman Republic
• The Roman Republic ____________
_____
(1) each part ________________
_______________________
_______________
* this is called _________
_________________
The Roman Republic
• The Roman Republic had _ branches
(parts)
(1) each part ________________
_______________________
_______________
* this is called _________
_________________
The Roman Republic
• The Roman Republic had 3 branches
(parts)
(1) each part ________________
_______________________
_______________
* this is called _________
_________________
The Roman Republic
• The Roman Republic had 3 branches
(parts)
(1) each part had its own jobs – no
part of the gov’t was stronger
than any other part
* this is called _________
_________________
The Roman Republic
• The Roman Republic had 3 branches
(parts)
(1) each part had its own jobs – no
part of the gov’t was stronger
than any other part
* this is called a system of
_________________
The Roman Republic
• The Roman Republic had 3 branches
(parts)
(1) each part had its own jobs – no
part of the gov’t was stronger
than any other part
* this is called a system of
_________________
The Roman Republic
• The Roman Republic had 3 branches
(parts)
(1) each part had its own jobs – no
part of the gov’t was stronger
than any other part
* this is called a system of
_________________
The Roman Republic
• The Roman Republic had 3 branches
(parts)
(1) each part had its own jobs – no
part of the gov’t was stronger
than any other part
* this is called a system of
“checks and balances”
l.e.j.
• 3 Branches _________________
(1) _______________________
• 3 Branches of the Roman Republic
(1) _______________________
• 3 Branches of the Roman Republic
(1) _____________ – make laws
• 3 Branches of the Roman Republic
(1) legislative branch – make laws
(a) _____ (like our _______)
* __________________________
______
* jobs - __________
- ___________
- ____________________
____
(a) _____ (like our Congress)
* __________________________
______
* jobs - __________
- ___________
- handled daily problems of
gov’t
(a) Senate (like our Congress)
* __________________________
______
* jobs - __________
- ___________
- handled daily problems of
gov’t
(a) Senate (like our Congress)
* ___ Senators - patricians chosen
for life
* jobs - __________
- ____________
- handled daily problems of
gov’t
(a) Senate (like our Congress)
* 300 Senators - patricians chosen
for life
* jobs - __________
- ____________
- handled daily problems of
gov’t
(a) Senate (like our Congress)
* 300 Senators - patricians chosen
for life
* jobs – proposed laws
- ____________
- handled daily problems of
gov’t
(a) Senate (like our Congress)
* 300 Senators - patricians chosen
for life
* jobs - proposed laws
- advised consuls
- handled daily problems of
gov’t
(b) _______
* all _______________________
___________________
______
* jobs – ______________
- __________
- ____________
(b) assembly
* all _______________________
___________________
______
* jobs – ______________
- __________
- ____________
(b) assembly
* all Roman citizens (plebeians and
patricians who are not in
Senate)
* jobs – ______________
- __________
- ____________
(b) assembly
* all Roman citizens (plebeians and
patricians who are not in
Senate)
* jobs – voted/passed laws
- __________
- ____________
(b) assembly
* all Roman citizens (plebeians and
patricians who are not in
Senate)
* jobs – voted/passed laws
- declared war
- ____________
(b) assembly
* all Roman citizens (plebeians and
patricians who are not in
Senate)
* jobs – voted/passed laws
- declared war
- elected consuls
Patricians made up 90%
of the population.
If the plebeians worked
hard enough, they could
become patricians.
The last Etruscan king
of Rome was named
Tarquin the Proud.
Roman women were
treated like property.
Patricians controlled
the government.
Male patricians and
female patricians got
married around age 13.
A domus was nicer than
an insula.
The son of Tarquin the
Proud killed Lucretia.
The legislative branch
of the Roman Republic
made the laws.
The Roman Senate was
like our Congress.
(c) ______
* _____________________
_____
* ________________
* jobs - ___________________
- ____________________
__________________
_____________________
(c) ______
* _____________________
_____
* ________________
* jobs – protected plebeian class
- ____________________
__________________
_____________________
(c) tribunes
* _____________________
_____
* ________________
* jobs – protected plebeian class
- ____________________
__________________
_____________________
(c) tribunes
* 2 to 10 men who served in
Senate
* ________________
* jobs – protected plebeian class
- ____________________
__________________
_____________________
(c) tribunes
* 2 to 10 men who served in
Senate
* elected by _______
* jobs – protected plebeian class
- ____________________
__________________
_____________________
(c) tribunes
* 2 to 10 men who served in
Senate
* elected by assembly
* jobs – protected plebeian class
- ____________________
__________________
_____________________
(c) tribunes
* 2 to 10 men who served in
Senate
* elected by assembly
* jobs - protected plebeian class
- could ___ any law Senate
tried to pass, esp. if it
was unfair to the plebeians
(c) tribunes
* 2 to 10 men who served in
Senate
* elected by assembly
* jobs - protected plebeian class
- could veto any law Senate
tried to pass, esp. if it
was unfair to the plebeians
The number of senators in Rome was initially a direct
correlation to the number of tribes represented. In the
earliest days of Rome traditionally under Romulus, when
Rome consisted only of one tribe, the Ramnes, the senate
consisted of one hundred members. Further incorporation
of various tribes, such as the Tities and Luceres,
increased accordingly the number of Senators to 300.
Proposals throughout the Republic by various magistrates
such as Gracchus, Livius Drusus, Sulla and Marius
altered the membership from between 300 and 600. At
times, prominent equestrian plebes were added en
masse, or even common soldiers and freedman, as when
Julius Caesar increased the senate roles to 900. With the
accession of Augustus, the permanent foundation for
senate numbers appears to have been fixed at 600, but
this number also fluctuated throughout the empire at the
whims of the emperors.
http://www.unrv.com/empire/the-senate.php
(2) __________________________
(2) _____________ – carry out laws
(2) executive branch – carry out laws
(a) _____ (like our president)
* ____________________________
____
* jobs – ___________________
_____
- ____________________
_________
- ______
(a) consuls (like our president)
* ____________________________
____
* jobs – ___________________
_____
- ____________________
_________
- ______
(a) consuls (like our president)
* _ consuls – each elected for _-year
term
* jobs – ___________________
_____
- ____________________
_________
- ______
(a) consuls (like our president)
* 2 consuls – each elected for _-year
term
* jobs – ___________________
_____
- ____________________
_________
- ______
(a) consuls (like our president)
* 2 consuls – each elected for 1-year
term
* jobs – ___________________
_____
- ____________________
_________
- ______
(a) consuls (like our president)
* 2 consuls – each elected for 1-year
term
* jobs – had to agree before law
passed
- ____________________
_________
- ______
(a) consuls (like our president)
* 2 consuls – each elected for 1-year
term
* jobs – had to agree before law
passed
- could reject (___) laws of
other consul
- ______
(a) consuls (like our president)
* 2 consuls – each elected for 1-year
term
* jobs – had to agree before law
passed
- could reject (veto) laws of
other consul
- ______
(a) consuls (like our president)
* 2 consuls - each elected for 1-year
term
* jobs – had to agree before law
passed
- could reject (veto) laws of
other consul
- led army
(3) ___________________________
________________________
(a) ____________________
(3) ___________ – decide if laws are
broken & what punishments are
(a) ____________________
(3) judicial branch – decide if laws are
broken & what punishments are
(a) ____________________
(3) judicial branch – decide if laws are
broken & what punishments are
(a) ______ – judges of Rome
(3) judicial branch – decide if laws are
broken & what punishments are
(a) praetors – judges of Rome
 450 BCE – ___________________
 450 BCE – Law of _____________
 450 BCE – Law of the twelve tables
(1) ________________________
_________________________
_____________________
(1) written laws on _____ tablets
placed in the __________ so all
could read and memorize it
(1) written laws on bronze tablets
placed in the __________ so all
could read and memorize it
(1) written laws on bronze tablets
placed in the Roman Forum so all
could read and memorize it
(2) applied to _______________
_______
(2) applied to both ________ and
_______
(2) applied to both patricians and
_______
(2) applied to both patricians and
plebeians
(3) big step ____________________
____________
(a) 250 BCE - ______________
_______________________
_____________
(3) big step in the direction of a more
________ gov’t
(a) 250 BCE - ______________
_______________________
_____________
(3) big step in the direction of a more
democratic gov’t
(a) 250 BCE - ______________
_______________________
_____________
(3) big step in the direction of a more
democratic gov’t
(a) 250 BCE - another big step –
_______________________
_____________
(3) big step in the direction of a more
democratic gov’t
(a) 250 BCE - another big step –
_______ were finally able to
hold public office
(3) big step in the direction of a more
democratic gov’t
(a) 250 BCE - another big step –
plebeians were finally able to
hold public office
*** Note – In 27 BCE, ________
___________________________
_____________________________
*** Note – In 27 BCE, the Roman
Republic ended - ______________
_____________________________
*** Note – In 27 BCE, the Roman
Republic ended – the 1st emperor,
____________, took over the gov’t
*** Note – In 27 BCE, the Roman
Republic ended – the 1st emperor,
Augustus Caesar, took over the gov’t
(1) Pass in Homework
(2) New and Goods
(Top)
2 Consuls
• Preside over Senate
• Commander in Chief during war
• Supreme Judges when needed
• Veto power over each other
• Hold position 1 year
(Right)
10 Tribunes
• Protect rights of plebeians
• Veto power over laws
(Bottom Right)
Assembly of Centuries
• Plebeians and patricians
• Elect Consuls
• Elect Censors…
• Elect Praetors…
• Could declare war or ratify peace
treaties
(Bottom Left)
Assembly of Tribes
• All plebeians
• Elect Tribunes
• Elect Questors (Treasurers)
• Enact laws
• Conduct minor trials
(Left)
Senate
300 Senators
• Foreign and military matters
• Finances and public lands
• Appointments
• State religion
• Hold office