Transcript The Rise of Rome

The Rise of Rome
The Roman Republic
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The Roman Republic
• The Legend of Romulus
and Remus
• Aeneas (Trojan) leads
small group, wanders
Mediterranean
– Settle on Italian coast,
found Alba Longa
– 400 yrs ruled by Aeneas
family
• Numitor vs. Amulius
– Brothers
– N. older but A. took
throne by force
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The Roman Republic
• The Legend of Romulus
and Remus
• Numitor vs. Amulius
– A. forces N.’s only
daughter, Rhea, to be
Vestal Virgin (*no heir*)
– Rhea has twins, Romulus
and Remus
• claims Mars is the father
• A. orders boys killed
– Escape in a basket,
raised by a wolf
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The Roman Republic
• The Legend of Romulus
and Remus
• R. & R. kill Amulius and
restore kingdom to Numitor
• R. & R. want to start their
own city. Disagree on
location
• Omen of the Vultures
– Both think it favors their
choice. Romulus kills Remus
• Romulus founds Rome
753 B.C.
– Disappears in a thunderstorm
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The Roman Republic
• Geography
• Rome founded on 7 hills
– More easily defended
• Fertile soil
• Tiber River
• Apennines Mountain
Range - East
• Tyrrhenian Sea – West
• Adriatic Sea - East
• Center of the Italian
Peninsula
– Advantages
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The Roman Republic
• Etruscans
• Located N. of Rome
• Took control around
600 BC
• Romans revolt ~ 509 BC
– According to ancient
Roman historians. Date
in question
– Lucretia
• Romans keep many
Etruscan ideas
– Alphabet, gods, clothing
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The Roman Republic
• Founding of the
Republic
• Romans don’t want
absolute ruler
– Found Republic
• Male + age 15 +
descendents of original
tribes = citizen (originally)
– Definition changes over
time
– Different levels of citizen
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The Roman Republic
• Government
• Classes
– Patricians:
• Family had $$, full citizen,
top/elite class
– Plebeians:
• Working class, citizen (could
not vote or hold office)
– Slaves:
• POWs, could earn or buy
freedom and become
citizen
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The Roman Republic
• Government
• Senate
– Similar to legislative
branch
– Originally 300 patrician
men, plebeians could not
hold office
• Consuls
–
–
–
–
Two officials
Chief executives
Led the Senate
One year term
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The Roman Republic
• Government
• Dictator
– Only used in emergencies
– Appointed by Senate
– Six month office
• Praetor
– Junior Consuls
– Served as judges
– Help develop laws
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The Roman Republic
• Patrician vs. Plebeian
• Different attitudes and
interests
– Patricians had the RIGHT
to rule
– Plebeians wanted the
RIGHT to be respected
• Plebeians form their own
groups, protect interests
• Plebeians migrate to
cities for work
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The Roman Republic
• Patrician vs. Plebeian
• Plebeians refuse to fight
in military
– Threaten to walk out
• Twelve Tables
– Laws for all citizens
(Patricians and Plebeians)
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