Transcript Chapter 9 (The Minoans) - Presentation (2013 version)

Hi. My name is Joe,
and I work in a button factory.
I have a dog and a cat and a family.
One day my boss said to me,
“Are you busy, Joe?”
I said, “No.”
“Then push this button with your _____.”
Quick Liners
Think of something you’d
like to give to a
“de-memorizer machine.”
Quick Liners
How would you dress up a
chameleon so you wouldn’t
lose him?
Quick Liners
If you were a sponge,
what would be your
favorite mess?
Put the
answer on
the bottom
of your
Page 3
Notes
Quick Liners
Think up some creative ways
that a Minoan could use a
stale doughnut.
Primary Source (1 finger)
or
Secondary Source (2 fingers)
A letter written by a Confederate
soldier who wrote to his girlfriend
while he was fighting in the United
States Civil War.
Primary Source (1 finger)
or
Secondary Source (2 fingers)
A letter written by a Confederate
soldier who wrote to his girlfriend
while he was fighting in the United
States Civil War.
Primary Source (1 finger)
or
Secondary Source (2 fingers)
A book about the Battle of Gettysburg
written by University of Pennsylvania
Professor John P. Quackenbush
(© 2009)
Primary Source (1 finger)
or
Secondary Source (2 fingers)
A book about the Battle of Gettysburg
written by University of Pennsylvania
Professor John P. Quackenbush
(© 2009)
Primary Source (1 finger)
or
Secondary Source (2 fingers)
An expert’s description of what a
series of Paleolithic cave paintings
might mean.
Primary Source (1 finger)
or
Secondary Source (2 fingers)
An expert’s description of what a
series of Paleolithic cave paintings
might mean.
Primary Source (1 finger)
or
Secondary Source (2 fingers)
A picture of Paleolithic paintings
discovered in France’s Lascaux
caves.
Primary Source (1 finger)
or
Secondary Source (2 fingers)
A picture of Paleolithic paintings
discovered in France’s Lascaux
caves.
Primary Source (1 finger)
or
Secondary Source (2 fingers)
The exact wording of the United
States Declaration of Independence
in an Upper Dublin history
book.
Primary Source (1 finger)
or
Secondary Source (2 fingers)
The exact wording of the United
States Declaration of Independence
in an Upper Dublin history
book.
Worksheet – “Life in Minoan Crete”
(1) According to the worksheet, when
did city life develop in Crete?
Worksheet – “Life in Minoan Crete”
(1) According to the worksheet, when
did city life develop in Crete?
(2) How is it possible that your answer
to #1 could be different from the
information in your textbook?
(Textbook says “Minoan civilization
rose around 2800 BCE on Crete,
an island in the Mediterranean Sea.”)
Worksheet – “Life in Minoan Crete”
(1) According to the worksheet, when
did city life develop in Crete?
(2) How is it possible that your answer
to #1 could be different from the
information in your textbook?
(Textbook says “Minoan civilization
rose around 2800 BCE on Crete,
an island in the Mediterranean Sea.”)
(3) How can the paintings in the Knossos
palace be helpful to scholars?
What else do
we know
about the
Minoans?
(1) Greek civilization grew out of a combination of two
earlier civilizations. What are they?
(2) When and where did Minoan civilization begin?
(3) Look at the second paragraph on page 151. Read the
first sentence which begins with “Since there were
many forests…” What is this a perfect example of?
(4) What is the prow of a ship?
(5) Look at the Minoan jar on page 152. What do you think
the picture on the jar is supposed to be?
(6) What two main sports did Minoans enjoy?
(7) List 2 ways that Minoan cities were different from
those of other ancient civilizations.
(8) Who were the rulers of Crete?
(9) Who was the most important god of the Minoans?
(10) When did Minoan civilization come to an end?
(11) Who took control of Crete from the Minoans?
(12) According to legend, who killed the Minotaur?
The Minoans - Today’s Topics
• When & Where
• Jobs
• Ship-building
• Sports
Business
Walking Club meeting – lunch
Tonight’s Homework
Hand-backs
Primary Sources vs. Secondary
Sources
• Review textbook worksheet on
the Minoans
• The Minoans
• Questions about C.D. Project?
•
•
•
•
The Minoans
The Minoans - Today’s Topics
• When & Where
• Jobs
• Ship-building
• Sports
The Minoans – Notes (page 1)
• a.k.a. “_________”
• a.k.a. “the Cretans”
 Minoan civilization existed from
_________________
_____________________________________
 Minoan civilization existed from
2800 BCE – 1400 BCE
_____________________________________
 Minoan civilization developed on the island
of ____ between the ___________
___ and the _________.
 Minoan civilization developed on the island
of Crete between the ___________
___ and the _________.
 Minoan civilization developed on the island
of Crete between the Mediterranean
Sea and the _________.
 Minoan civilization developed on the island
of Crete between the Mediterranean
Sea and the Aegean Sea.
What are the
origins of the word
Mediterranean?
medius =
terra =
medius = middle
terra =
medius = middle
terra = land
• Most Minoan people were _________
______
(1) Grew _____________________
____
(2) Excess (extra) goods were _____
for ____________________
________________
• Most Minoan people were farmers and
traders
(1) Grew _____________________
____
(2) Excess (extra) goods were _____
for ____________________
________________
• Most Minoan people were farmers and
traders
(1) Grew wheat, barley, grapes, and
olives
(2) Excess (extra) goods were _____
for ____________________
________________
• Most Minoan people were farmers and
traders
(1) Grew wheat, barley, grapes, and
olives
(2) Excess (extra) goods were traded
for ____________________
________________
• Most Minoan people were farmers and
traders
(1) Grew wheat, barley, grapes, and
olives
(2) Excess (extra) goods were traded
for pottery, jewelry, leather,
and bronze artifacts
• The Minoans improved their ship-building
skills
(1) _____________
(2) ____________________________
• The Minoans improved their ship-building
skills
(1) slimmer = _____
(2) ____________________________
• The Minoans improved their ship-building
skills
(1) slimmer = faster
(2) ____________________________
• The Minoans improved their ship-building
skills
(1) slimmer = faster
(2) 2 or 3 masts instead of 1 = _____
• The Minoans improved their ship-building
skills
(1) slimmer = faster
(2) 2 or 3 masts instead of 1 = faster
(3) _______________________
(4) ______________________
________
(3) deck over rowers = _______
(4) ______________________
________
(3) deck over rowers = protection
(4) ______________________
________
(3) deck over rowers = protection
(4) wooden beam in front to ___
_________
(3) deck over rowers = protection
(4) wooden beam in front to ram
other ships
In Greek mythology, Sinis was a bandit killed by
Theseus on the road to Athens.
Sinis would force travelers to help him bend pine
trees to the ground and then unexpectedly let go,
catapulting the victims through the air. Alternative
sources say that he tied people to two pine trees
that he bent down to the ground, then let the trees
go, tearing his victims apart.
Sinis was the second bandit to be killed by Theseus
as the hero was traveling from Troezen to Athens,
in the very same way that he had previously killed
his own victims.
• The Minoans loved sports
(1) _____
• The Minoans loved sports
(1) boxing
(2) _____________________
(a) description – ___________
______________________
____________________
_____________________
_________________________
(b) happened in _____ (Minoans built
the first of these)
(2) bull-leaping (their favorite)
(a) description – ___________
______________________
____________________
_____________________
_________________________
(b) happened in _____ (Minoans built
the first of these)
Quad Question What do you remember
about bull-leaping from
your textbook worksheet
assignment?
(2) bull-leaping (their favorite)
(a) description – a form of bull
fighting – man tumbles over
bull’s horns, lands on bull’s
back, does a back flip, and
lands into female partner’s arms
(b) happened in _____ (Minoans built
the first of these)
(2) bull-leaping (their favorite)
(a) description – a form of bull
fighting – man tumbles over
bull’s horns, lands on bull’s
back, does a back flip, and
lands into female partner’s arms
(b) happened in arenas (Minoans built
the first of these)
(c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was
so important
* _____________
* _________________
(d) bull became a symbol of ____ to
the Minoans
(e) ____ surrounding the bull evolved
(c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was
so important
* religious meaning
* _________________
(d) bull became a symbol of ____ to
the Minoans
(e) ____ surrounding the bull evolved
(c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was
so important
* religious meaning
* exciting entertainment
(d) bull became a symbol of ____ to
the Minoans
(e) ____ surrounding the bull evolved
(c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was
so important
* religious meaning
* exciting entertainment
(d) bull became a symbol of power to
the Minoans
(e) ____ surrounding the bull evolved
(c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was
so important
* religious meaning
* exciting entertainment
(d) bull became a symbol of power to
the Minoans
(e) myth surrounding the bull evolved
The Minoans – Notes (page 2)
• A ____ is a legendary story that ______
___________ or ____________
• A myth is a legendary story that ______
___________ or ____________
• A myth is a legendary story that explains
natural events or ____________
• A myth is a legendary story that explains
natural events or teaches a lesson
What is a
Mediterranean
climate?
Myth of the Minotaur
• The Minotaur is a monster – ________
_______
Myth of the Minotaur
• The Minotaur is a monster – half-____
half-___
Myth of the Minotaur
• The Minotaur is a monster – half-man,
half-bull
• The Minotaur lives in ___________
beside _____________________
______
• The Minotaur lives in the Labyrinth
beside _____________________
______
• The Minotaur lives in the Labyrinth
beside the Minoan king’s palace at
Knossos
(1) Minotaur devours _____________
who are tribute to _________
(2) Greek hero ______ tells _________
(his father) he will kill __________ when he returns he will show a ____
___ on his ship to show he was
successful
(1) Minotaur devours Athenian children
who are tribute to _________
(2) Greek hero ______ tells _________
(his father) he will kill __________ when he returns he will show a ____
___ on his ship to show he was
successful
(1) Minotaur devours Athenian children
who are tribute to the Minoans
(2) Greek hero ______ tells _________
(his father) he will kill __________ when he returns he will show a ____
___ on his ship to show he was
successful
(1) Minotaur devours Athenian children
who are tribute to the Minoans
(2) Greek hero ______ tells _________
(his father) he will kill the Minotaur when he returns he will show a ____
___ on his ship to show he was
successful
(1) Minotaur devours Athenian children
who are tribute to the Minoans
(2) Greek hero Theseus tells _________
(his father) he will kill the Minotaur when he returns he will show a ____
___ on his ship to show he was
successful
(1) Minotaur devours Athenian children
who are tribute to the Minoans
(2) Greek hero Theseus tells King Aegeus
(his father) he will kill the Minotaur when he returns he will show a ____
___ on his ship to show he was
successful
(1) Minotaur devours Athenian children
who are tribute to the Minoans
(2) Greek hero Theseus tells King Aegeus
(his father) he will kill the Minotaur when he returns he will show a white
sail on his ship to show he was
successful
(3) ________ (King of Minoans) has a
daughter ______ who loves Theseus.
She helps him kill __________ with
______ and ___________.
(3) King Minos (King of Minoans) has a
daughter ______ who loves Theseus.
She helps him kill __________ with
______ and ___________.
(3) King Minos (King of Minoans) has a
daughter Ariadne who loves Theseus.
She helps him kill __________ with
______ and ___________.
(3) King Minos (King of Minoans) has a
daughter Ariadne who loves Theseus.
She helps him kill the Minotaur with
______ and ___________.
(3) King Minos (King of Minoans) has a
daughter Ariadne who loves Theseus.
She helps him kill the Minotaur with
a sword and ___________.
(3) King Minos (King of Minoans) has a
daughter Ariadne who loves Theseus.
She helps him kill the Minotaur with
a sword and a ball of twine.
(4) ______ kills __________ and sails
for home - ________________
_______.
(4) Theseus kills the Minotaur and sails
for home - ________________
_______.
(4) Theseus kills the Minotaur and sails
for home - ________________
_______.
(4) Theseus kills the Minotaur and sails
for home - forgets to raise the
white sail.
(5) When _________ sees the ________,
he thinks ______ has died – he
jumps into the sea beside his kingdom
of _____ (_________)
(5) When King Aegeus sees the ________,
he thinks ______ has died – he
jumps into the sea beside his kingdom
of _____ (_________)
(5) When King Aegeus sees the black sail,
he thinks ______ has died – he
jumps into the sea beside his kingdom
of _____ (_________)
(5) When King Aegeus sees the black sail,
he thinks Theseus has died – he
jumps into the sea beside his kingdom
of _____ (_________)
(5) When King Aegeus sees the black sail,
he thinks Theseus has died – he
jumps into the sea beside his kingdom
of Athens (_________)
(5) When King Aegeus sees the black sails,
he thinks Theseus has died – he
jumps into the sea beside his kingdom
of Athens (Aegean Sea)
(5) When King Aegeus sees the black sails,
he thinks Theseus has died – he
jumps into the sea beside his kingdom
of Athens (Aegean Sea)
• The myth of the Minotaur explains an
event – ______________________
_______
• The myth also teaches a lesson – ____
__________
• The myth of the Minotaur explains an
event – why Minoan civilization came
to an end
• The myth also teaches a lesson – ____
__________
• The myth of the Minotaur explains an
event – why Minoan civilization came
to an end
• The myth also teaches a lesson – keep
your promises
More on King Minos
• According to legend, ________ was a
powerful King of _________
• Was there really a “King Minos”?
More on King Minos
• According to legend, King Minos was a
powerful King of _________
• Was there really a “King Minos”?
More on King Minos
• According to legend, King Minos was a
powerful King of the Minoans
• Was there really a “King Minos”?
• King Minos is given credit for building
the _____________
(1) _____________ has so many
rooms, hallways, & passageways,
it is like a maze or _______
(likely source of the ____)
• King Minos is given credit for building
the Palace of Knossos
(1) _____________ has so many
rooms, hallways, & passageways,
it is like a maze or _______
(likely source of the ____)
• King Minos is given credit for building
the Palace of Knossos
(1) Palace of Knossos has so many
rooms, hallways, & passageways,
it is like a maze or _______
(likely source of the ____)
• King Minos is given credit for building
the Palace of Knossos
(1) Palace of Knossos has so many
rooms, hallways, & passageways,
it is like a maze or labyrinth
(likely source of the ____)
• King Minos is given credit for building
the Palace of Knossos
(1) Palace of Knossos has so many
rooms, hallways, & passageways,
it is like a maze or labyrinth
(likely source of the myth)
Brief Video – Theseus and the Minotaur
1. a) Where did the Minotaur live?
b) What was this right next to?
1. a) Where did the Minotaur live?
b) What was this right next to?
2. a) Who was the king of Athens?
b) Who was the king of Crete?
1. a) Where did the Minotaur live?
b) What was this right next to?
2. a) Who was the king of Athens?
b) Who was the king of Crete?
3. Who is the hero of the story?
4. What 2 items does Ariadne give the
hero to help him?
4. What 2 items does Ariadne give the
hero to help him?
5. Why does the king of Athens kill
himself?
4. What 2 items does Ariadne give the
hero to help him?
5. Why does the king of Athens kill
himself?
6. What does the myth of the
Minotaur help to explain?
More on King Minos
• According to legend, King Minos was a
powerful King of the Minoans
• Was there really a “King Minos”?
• King Minos is given credit for building
the Palace of Knossos
(1) Palace of Knossos has so many
rooms, hallways, & passageways,
it is like a maze or labyrinth
(likely source of the myth)
Today’s Class –
The Real Palace of Knossos
What do you
think we’ll learn
about the Palace
of Knossos?
The Minoans – Notes (page 4)
Choose Wisely!
The Palace of Knossos
• Located in the center of ______, the
largest city in ancient ____
The Palace of Knossos
• Located in the center of Knossos, the
largest city in ancient ____
The Palace of Knossos
• Located in the center of Knossos, the
largest city in ancient Crete
 Many rooms, corridors and hallways,
winding and twisting passageways – like a
maze or _______!
 Many rooms, corridors and hallways,
winding and twisting passageways – like a
maze or labyrinth!
What might the
Palace of Knossos
have looked like
in real life?
How do we know that the
Palace of Knossos really
looked like this?
Ruins of the Palace at Knossos
• Palace was decorated
(1) _______ – Water color paintings
on wet plaster of walls
* covered ____ walls of palace
• Palace was decorated
(1) frescoes – Water color paintings
on wet plaster of walls
* covered ____ walls of palace
• Palace was decorated
(1) frescoes – Water color paintings
on wet plaster of walls
* covered inside walls of palace
• Palace was decorated
(1) frescoes – Water color paintings
on wet plaster of walls
* covered inside walls of palace
More
frescoes in
a moment…
(2) ____ head, ____ horns common
decorations
(3) Double ___ also used to decorate they were symbols of power!
(2) Bull’s head, bull’s horns common
decorations
(3) Double ___ also used to decorate they were symbols of power!
(2) Bull’s head, bull’s horns common
decorations
(3) Double axes also used to decorate they were symbols of power!
Business
• Cultural Diffusion Project
• The importance of the Minoans
• Palace was called “House of the Double
___” because there were pictures
of double ____ all over
(1) Note: the word “_____” (root word
for labyrinth) means double ___
• Palace was called “House of the Double
Axe” because there were pictures
of double axes all over
(1) Note: the word “_____” (root word
for labyrinth) means double axe
• Palace was called “House of the Double
Axe” because there were pictures
of double axes all over
(1) Note: the word “labrys” (root word
for labyrinth) means double axe
Who was
responsible for
the discovery of
Knossos?
The Discovery of Knossos
• 1900 CE - British archeologist
_____________ excavated
Knossos, Crete
The Discovery of Knossos
• 1900 CE - British archeologist
Sir Arthur Evans excavated
Knossos, Crete
(1) discovered clay tablets with a strange
script on them – called __________
______
Linear A tablets
Linear B tablets
(1) discovered clay tablets with a strange
script on them – called Linear A and
Linear B
Linear A tablets
Linear B tablets
* ______ is thought to be Minoan
writing, and it _______ been
deciphered
* Linear A is thought to be Minoan
writing, and it _______ been
deciphered
* Linear A is thought to be Minoan
writing, and it has never been
deciphered
* ______ is thought to be an old
form of Greek writing – it __
been deciphered, and it __ be read
* Linear B is thought to be an old
form of Greek writing – it __
been deciphered, and it __ be read
* Linear B is thought to be an old
form of Greek writing – it has
been deciphered, and it __ be read
* Linear B is thought to be an old
form of Greek writing – it has
been deciphered, and it can be read
The Minoans – Notes (page 4)
Minoan Religion
• Had many gods – _________
(1) most important - ___________
Minoan Religion
• Had many gods – polytheistic
(1) most important - ___________
Minoan Religion
• Had many gods – polytheistic
(1) most important - Mother Earth
 ______ – sacred places to worship built
in palaces, house tops, and hilltops
 Shrines – sacred places to worship built
in palaces, house tops, and hilltops
 Shrines – sacred places to worship built
in palaces, house tops, and hilltops
What do these locations
have in common?
What happened to Ancient Crete’s power
and Civilization?
• There are 3 Main Theories
(1) ___________________
* once the _______ was killed,
_____ power also died
(1) Mythological Fall Theory
* once the _______ was killed,
_____ power also died
(1) Mythological Fall Theory
* once the Minotaur was killed,
_____ power also died
(1) Mythological Fall Theory
* once the Minotaur was killed,
Cretan power also died
(2) _______________
* ____________ on island of _____
(70 miles north) in 1645 BC
* earthquake, tidal waves, ash, etc.
(2) Natural Fall Theory
* ____________ on island of _____
(70 miles north) in 1645 BC
* earthquake, tidal waves, ash, etc.
(2) Natural Fall Theory
* volcanic eruption on island of _____
(70 miles north) in 1645 BC
* earthquake, tidal waves, ash, etc.
(2) Natural Fall Theory
* volcanic eruption on island of Thera
(70 miles north) in 1645 BC
* earthquake, tidal waves, ash, etc.
(3) _________________
* _________ from southern Greece
conquered Crete and took control
(3) Historical Fall Theory
* _________ from southern Greece
conquered Crete and took control
(3) Historical Fall Theory
* Mycenaeans from southern Greece
conquered Crete and took control