Transcript Bipolar Disorder

Breanna Guasch, Antony Jones, and
Tiffany Palmer
Pike 1ST
A life-long disorder that causes unusual shifts in mood,
energy, activity levels, and the ability to carry out dayto-day tasks and is characterized by extreme changes in
mood (from mania to depression).
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The “happy” part of the disorder
Restless
Energetic
Talkative
Powerful
Euphoric
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The “sad” part of the disorder
Sadness
Crying
Sense of worthlessness
Loss of energy
Loss of pleasure
Sleep problems
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Men and women
All age groups
All races
All over the world
Even affects preschoolers
3-5% of people worldwide
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Genetics
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Children with one bipolar parent have a 25% chance
of having bipolar disorder
Children with two bipolar parents have a 50-75%
chance of having bipolar disorder
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Chemicals
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Low levels of serotonin
 Regulates mood
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Low norepinephrine
 Regulates mood and prevents depression
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Low dopamine levels
 Makes you happy
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Medications
Antidepressants
 Antipsychotics
 Anti-seizure medications
 Stimulants
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Diseases
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Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Brain tumors
Traumatic brain injuries
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Stressful Life Events
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Giving birth
Major changes
Sleep deprivation
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3RD leading cause of death ages 15-24 years
6TH leading disability ages 15-44
15% suicide rate
Recurrence in almost every untreated patient
Average age onset is 21
60% of patients experience chronic
interpersonal or occupational difficulties
between acute episodes
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In adults, usually episodes of mania (increased
energy, activity, and elevated mood),
intermixed with episodes of depression
(lowering of mood, decreased energy and
activity levels). There is no in between.
In children, mania is usually chronic (happens
all the time, mixed with short periods of
irritability, anxiety, and depression)
Both mania and depression can occur on the
same day
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Between episodes, there is a significant
symptom reduction (however, 25% of patients
still display mood instability or mild
depression)
Psychotic symptoms only occur during manic,
depressive, or mixed episodes (as opposed to
Schizophrenia, when patients can display
psychotic symptoms without the presence of
mania or depression)
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Manic episodes begin suddenly and can last 2
weeks or 4-5 months
Depressive episodes last about 6 months on
average
Bipolar I Disorder must be distinguished from:
 Mood Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition
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Substance-Induced Mood Disorder
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drug abuse, antidepressant medication, or electro-convulsive
therapy
Other Mood Disorders
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Such as depression due to poor outlooks (MS, tumors, etc.)
Major Depressive Disorder, Dysthymia, Bipolar II Disorder
(which is not as extreme), Cyclothymic Disorder
Psychotic Disorders
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Schizoaffective Disorder, Schizophrenia, or Delusional
Disorder
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1ST episode can occur at any point in life
Average onset is 21
More than 90% of people who have one
episode will have future episodes.
Untreated patients usually have 8 to 10
episodes of mania and depression in their
lifetime
5 years or more can pass between the 1ST and
2ND episode, but they become more frequent
and more severe after that
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The rule, not the exception
Anxiety
Substance use/abuse
Conduct disorders
Anorexia/bulimia
ADD/ADHD
Impulse control problems
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
Tourette’s
Medical complaints, such as migraines, thyroid
illness, obesity, Type II Diabetes, and
cardiovascular disease
The truth is, bipolar disorder isn’t just affecting
our town. The disorder affect 3-5% of the entire
world’s population, and is often passed from
parent to child. Because our town is so small, and
we rarely get “fresh blood,” the disorder builds
through generations.
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Traditional treatment is life-long therapy
coupled with a mood stabilizer (lithium,
carbamazepine, or divalproex/valproic acid) as
well as an antipsychotic. Usually, the patient
receives two different mood stabilizers (one for
mania and one for depression)
Benefits: dramatic decrease in symptoms,
extreme reduction in suicide risk
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Therapy usually involves supportive
psychotherapy and psychoeducation
Unfortunately, no research has shown that
therapy alone can effectively control bipolar
disorder, nor is there a natural remedy (herb,
vitamin, health food, etc.)
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Hospitalization may become necessary if a
patient shows signs of self-destructive
behaviors (i.e. out-of-control mania or suicidal
thoughts or actions)
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Because of the nature of the disorder, the
majority of patients become noncompliant and
stop treatment.
Patients lose years of their life expectancy,
productivity, and normal health
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Buildings
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Our research team has found a suitable set of
buildings downtown at 123 Oceanfront Street, that
will need minor renovations, but nothing major.
Hospital
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The local hospital, Hometown Hospital, has
graciously offered us access to a wing of their
facility, which is spacious enough for our projected
patient population
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Educational facilities
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We want the public to be educated, so that they
know what to look for and we can hopefully
diagnose earlier.
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Doctors
Nurses
Psychologists
Psychiatrists
Public Speakers
Educators
Counselors
Therapists
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Medication
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Education
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Some patients require hospitalization, most can’t afford it.
Diagnoses
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Teach the community about the disorder, how to recognize it,
and how to deal with it.
Hospitalization
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We need to make mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and
antidepressants cheaper and readily available.
We need our community to be able to recognize bipolar
disorder. The sooner we can diagnose it, the sooner we can
treat it.
Therapy
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We need group and individual therapy for people suffering
from bipolar disorder, as well as counseling for their friends
and family.
The best recoveries are achieved when individuals with
Bipolar I Disorder:
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Get the correct diagnosis (since many are misdiagnosed as
having schizophrenia or "just borderline personality")
Get effective treatment and faithfully stay on it for a lifetime
(most individuals require the combination of a mood-stabilizer
plus an antipsychotic medication)
Adopt a healthy lifestyle (regular sleep and exercise; no alcohol
or drug abuse; low stress)
Regularly see a supportive physician who is knowledgeable
about the psychiatric management of this disorder
Learn which symptoms predict the return of this illness, and
what additional "rescue" medication should be taken
Learn to trust the warnings given by family and friends when
they see early signs of relapse
Learn as much as possible about this illness from therapists, the
Internet, books, or self-help groups
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Cheney, T. (2011, April 3). Inside Childhood Bipolar
Disorder. Retrieved March 25, 2013, from
http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-bipolarlens/201104/inside-childhood-bipolar-disorder
Federman, R. (2012, January 1). Are You Bipolar or Just
Moody? Retrieved March 25, 2013, from Psychology Today
website: http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/bipolaryou/201201/are-you-bipolar-or-just-moody
Long, P. W. (2011). Bipolar I Disorder. Retrieved March 22,
2013, from http://mentalhealth.com/
Mayo Clinic. (2012, January 18). Bipolar disorder. Retrieved
March 25, 2013, from
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/bipolardisorder/DS00356
National Institute of Mental Health. (2013, February 4).
Bipolar Disorder. Retrieved March 25, 2013, from
http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/bipolardisorder/index.shtml