Transcript Greece - donaldnagel

WARM UP
Write down your homework assignment due next class
(both 1 & 2 are for homework)
1. copy all the vocabulary terms and names on page 254 into your interactive notebook
or on a separate sheet of paper that you will attach into your interactive notebook 9L
2. You are REQUIRED to read pages 254-259
The following you are to do NOW!!!!!
Copy charts on 9R – As you read fill in chart
GOVERNMENT
Greek Democracy
Roman Republic
Roman Empire
© A. Weinberg
WHO RULED
HOW CHOOSEN
WHO PARTICIPATED
Comparing – means looking for similarities (What is the same?)
Contrasting – means looking for differences (What is different?)
© A. Weinberg
Ancient Greece & Rome
By Ms. Weinberg
© A. Weinberg
In this lesson, we will study the
Ancient cultures of Greece & Rome
You may be surprised to find out how much we
learned from these people of long ago…
© A. Weinberg
The people of Ancient Greece &
Rome made many contributions to
today’s society.
Some of those contributions were in:
Architecture
government
Sports
© A. Weinberg
A
contribution is
the act of giving or doing something
***The ancient Greeks & Romans made
contributions
by giving people today ideas for architecture,
government, and sports.
© A. Weinberg
The Greeks used columns when they
designed many buildings.
This is a column
© A. Weinberg
This is a picture of the Parthenon in
Greece.
The Romans used arches when they
constructed (made) buildings.
This is an arch
This is the
© A. Weinberg
Colosseum in Rome.
The Romans used arches when they
constructed (made) aqueducts.
This is an arch
© A. Weinberg
Not only did the people of Ancient Greece &
Rome influence architecture, they also
influenced Art.
Can you
see the
many
tiles in
this
mosaic?
Many Greek & Roman buildings display mosaics
and sculptures.
© A. Weinberg
Have you ever heard of the Olympics?
You have probably enjoyed watching the
athletes compete in the Winter Olympics as
well as the Summer Olympics.
The Olympic Games began back in Ancient
Greece.
© A. Weinberg
So far we have learned how the Greeks
and Romans influenced architecture
and sports. We will learn about one
more way they made a contribution to
the people of today.
© A. Weinberg
***Our government is based on ideas
from Ancient Greece & Rome.
***We call Greece “The Birthplace of
Democracy.”
***A democracy is a government ruled by
the people.
© A. Weinberg
The people of Greece used a
Direct Democracy.
A Direct Democracy is a government where
people vote to make their own rules & laws.
© A. Weinberg
***The Romans used a
Republican form of Government Representative Democracy.
A Representative Democracy is a government in
which the people elect (vote for) a smaller group to
make the rules & laws for everyone.
© A. Weinberg
Which kind of government do we have in the
United States?
Do we have a Direct Democracy?
Do we have a Representative Democracy?
This one is correct!
© A. Weinberg
Now that we have learned about the
contributions of the Greeks and Romans, let’s
focus on where these places were located and
find out about the people who lived there.
© A. Weinberg
***Both Greece and Rome are located on the
continent of Europe. They are both located on
the Mediterranean Sea. Both places have
many hills, too.
***Pelopennesus – a mountainous peninsula in southern Europe
© A. Weinberg
Almost 2000 islands surrounded Peloponnesus – Villages were isolated, cut off from each other
© A. Weinberg
***Where did ancient Greek
civilization begin?
***On the Peloponnesus and the islands surrounding this
mountainous peninsula
© A. Weinberg
The Greeks were shipbuilders.
The Romans were road builders.
© A. Weinberg
Both ancient Greece & Rome had only a small
amount of the rich soil needed for farming. Still
some of the people were farmers. They had to
farm on hillsides
© A. Weinberg
Because of where they lived, the Greeks &
Romans needed to adapt to their environment.
Ancient Greece & Rome were located along the
Mediterranean Sea, so the people who lived
there were traders.
© A. Weinberg
Since there were many mountains & hills, the
Greeks built many, small communities.
***Political units made up of a city
and surrounding villages sprung up
called “city-states.”
© A. Weinberg
***Greek city-states shared common culture and language, but
choose different forms of government. Athens and Sparta were the
largest city-states.
***Monarchy – ruled by Kings
***Some were ruled by a “tyrant” someone who took power illegally
***Sparta was ruled by an “oligarchy” a system ruled by a few
individuals and was a military state (had two kings)
***Athens became a limited democracy where all citizens could take
part in the government and make laws. Only free adult males were
citizens. Women, slaves, and foreigners were not citizens
© A. Weinberg
***In the early 5th century B.C., Greece was invaded by Persia
(which is now Iran)
***Athens and Sparta joined forces. The Greeks won!
***Decades later Athens & Sparta fought each other in the
Peloponnesian War – Sparta won
The city-states were so busy focusing on the war between Sparta and
Athens they didn’t notice their neighbor Macedonia was building an
army to invade Greece.
***Alexander the Great from Macedonia conquered territories from
North Africa, Middle East and Asia spreading Greek culture.
© A. Weinberg
Who was Pericles?
Pericles was an Athenian statesman, so influential in
Athenian history that the period of his power is called the Age
of Pericles.
In Athenian politics Pericles sought to enable all citizens to
take an active part in the government. Payment of citizens for
their services to the state was introduced, and members of the
council were chosen by lot from the entire body of Athenians.
Pericles believed anyone who neglects Athens is useless
Pericles believed anyone who fights for their state should
have a say in state affairs
© A. Weinberg
© A. Weinberg
***ANCIENT ROME
***Overthrew their Monarchy
***Created a “republic” a form of government in which citizens elect
representatives to rule in their name
***All male citizens could vote but only “patricians” members of rich and
powerful families could hold the highest government offices.
***Farmers, merchants, and craftspeople made up the class known as
“plebeians.”
***The Roman Republic grew to fast and there was so much conflict that
they allowed Octavian (Augustus) to take control and formed the “Roman
Empire” under his complete control.
© A. Weinberg
Augustus expands the Empire
takes over Palestine a Jewish kingdom in the Mediterranean.
during this time period Jesus is born and Christianity begins
Christianity becomes official religion of the Roman Empire
© A. Weinberg
***Causes for the decline of the Roman Empire
A series of inexperienced and corrupt emperors
Division of the Empire
Conflict with Germanic tribes
Crushing tax burden
Gap between the rich and the poor
Decline of patriotism and loyalty
Food shortages
© A. Weinberg
GOVERNMENT
WHO RULED
HOW CHOOSEN
WHO PARTICIPATED
Greek Democracy
citizens
elected
Free adult male citizens
Roman Republic
patricians
elected
All male citizens
Roman Empire
An emperor
Self-appointed
No one
© A. Weinberg
What’s this?
The Parthenon
Where can it be found?
Greece
What’s this?
The Colosseum
Where can it be found?
Rome
© A. Weinberg
We have learned about the many contributions that the
Ancient Greeks
&
Romans
made to the world.
We can thank the Greeks & Romans for:
Greeks
artists, writers and philosophers
theater, science, and government
Democracy – giving people a
voice in government
© A. Weinberg
Romans
roads, aqueducts, and public buildings
idea of a republic and created written
code of law
Legal systems today still influenced by
the republic of Rome
© A. Weinberg