Transcript fla-fi-illinjury-cp

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FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
Copyright © 2011 FlightSafety International, Inc. Unauthorized reproduction or distribution is prohibited.
Injuries & Illness
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FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
Proprietary
Information
All Rights
Reserved
Copyright © 2011
FlightSafety International,
Inc. Unauthorized
reproduction or distribution is prohibited. Rev 1..0
Objectives
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Review basic First Aid procedures and the assets
that are available on your aircraft
The symptoms and first aid for Heart attack,
Stroke
Bloodborne pathogen awareness and protection
Basic first aid for traumatic injuries
Review the symptoms of Shock and of Diabetes
and their first aid procedures
FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
Copyright © 2011 FlightSafety International, Inc. Unauthorized reproduction or distribution is prohibited.
First Aid
The immediate temporary
medical care of a victim of an
accident or sudden illness
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FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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Know your Medical Provider
and their emergency phone numbers
MedAire (602) 239-3627
Mayo Executive Response (507) 255-2808
AirCare International (888) 754-9805
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FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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MedAire International
Classes are available at FlightSafety International
MedLink
(602) 239-3627
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FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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First Aid Kits
Know the location of your aircraft’s
first aid kit.
 Be familiar with the contents of the
kit and the procedures for its use
 Pre-flight that it is complete or that
the seal is intact
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FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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Tempus
Tempus allows a crewmember to collect a sick person's vital signs
such as blood pressure, pulse rate, temperature and heart condition
(EKG) and relay this information to ground-based medical experts.
Tempus 2000
Tempus IC
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ABC’s
Airway
Is the airway open?
Breathing
Is breathing present and
adequate?
Is there serious bleeding?
Circulation /
Compressions Are chest compressions
necessary?
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“Head to Toe” Survey
Look
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Look at victim, rate any abnormalities such
as body positioning or unusual skin color
Listen
Listen to their respiration. Listen to the
patient’s complaints
Feel
Feel the skin - is it moist, dry, trembling,
hot or cold
FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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FAA Definition
Under Federal regulations, a person showing one
of the following conditions is considered ‘ill’ and
must be reported.
 A fever (1000f / 37.80C) that has lasted more than 48
hours
 A fever of any duration accompanied with a rash,
swollen lymph glands, or jaundice
 Diarrhea of more than 3 episodes
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Hyperventilation
An abnormal increase in the rate and the depth
of breathing, often from anxiety or pain.
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This can result in an abnormally low level of CO2
in the blood
Symptoms can include faintness, slight nausea,
or muscle tremors
FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation CPR
Every crewmember should be certified and
knowledgeable with this procedure.
Certification can be obtained through the
American Heart Association, American Red
Cross or by medical providers such as
MedAire and Mayo Executive Response.
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FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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Symptoms of a Heart Attack
Chest pain, especially in men. The pain may radiate to
neck, shoulders arms & jaw (usually the left side).
Pain will last three to five minutes.
Sweating, nausea, and shortness of breath.
Early signs are often mistaken for indigestion, especially
in women.
Women often exhibit upper back pain
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First Aid for a Heart Attack
 Notify PIC immediately, medical attention
should be waiting when the aircraft lands
 Administer High Flow O2
 Minimize anxiety
 Have victim sit quietly and calmly, in a
position of comfort; Loosen tight clothing for
comfort
 Contact your medical provider, you should
be in contact with a physician on the ground
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Automated External Defibrillator AED
For every minute that an AED is not used, the survivability decreases
by 10%.
All crewmembers
should be certified in
the use of an AED.
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Stroke
A circulatory malfunction in the brain. This results in a
portion of the brain being deprived of oxygen - usually is
caused by an arterial blockage or from an aneurysm
(ruptured artery).
 Sudden severe headache, confusion, dizziness
 Impaired vision, unequal pupils
 Numbness, paralysis, or coma
 Loss of facial expression (usually on 1 side),
difficulty in speech
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First Aid for Stroke
Immediately contact your medical provider.
Rapid medical treatment is critically important for
a successful recovery.
Administer high flow O2
If conscious: maintain the victim in a semi-reclined
position
If unconscious: maintain a lateral recumbent or ‘recovery’
position with the affected side down
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FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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Bloodborne Pathogens
Micro-organisms present in blood and other body fluids
which cause disease in humans.
These are transmitted by exposure to:
 Blood
 Body fluids
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Examples of Bloodborne
Pathogen Diseases
Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C
Signs include jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of
appetite, intermittent nausea.
There is no cure for Hepatitis B, but there is a preventative
vaccine. Hepatitis C, while not considered as dangerous, but
there is no vaccine.
These viruses can live for extended periods outside of the
body.
Every Cabin Attendant should be immunized
HIV
The virus cannot live long outside of the body.
There is no vaccine or cure.
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Universal Precautions
Hand washing is the most effective protection. Gloves
should always be used, but hand washing is still critical.
Always use a mouth barrier when giving mouth to mouth
respiration (ensure that your first aid kit is stocked).
Cleanse any object that has been contaminated with a
germicide or weak bleach solution (10:1 water to bleach).
Properly dispose of contaminated objects & equipment (it is
HAZMAT).
Post exposure testing for Hepatitis should be performed as
soon as possible after an exposure
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Center for Disease Control
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1600 Clifton Rd.
Atlanta, GA 30333
U.S.A
(800) 311-3435
WWW.CDC.GOV
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FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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Traumatic Injuries
Wounds
Burns
Bone and muscle injuries
Shock
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Wounds
Closed Wounds are usually bruises and hematomas.
First Aid:
Ice packs are recommended.
Open Wounds can refer to a simple scratch or profuse
bleeding.
First Aid:
Remove foreign matter, cleanse gently, if bleeding continues
apply direct pressure with gauze or towels
For severe bleeding find pressure point, elevate the limb (apply
tourniquet only if bleeding to death)
Do not remove impaled objects, support
and bandage them in place.
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1st Degree Burns
Symptoms include: redness, mild swelling, mild
pain.
First Aid:
 Run cold water over area
 Do not apply ice
 Cover area with dressings; can be moistened for patient
comfort
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FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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2nd Degree Burns
Symptoms include: small to large blisters, bright red
appearance and severe pain.
First Aid
Assess ABC’s
Run under cool water for a minimum of 5 minutes
Do not apply ointment or cream
Cover area with dressings; can be moistened for patient comfort
Seek medical attention
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3rd Degree Burns
Symptoms include: white or charred skin, with destruction
of all skin layers.
First Aid
Move to safe area
Assess ABC’s
Do not apply ointment or cream
Cover area with dry dressings or a clean, dry sheet
Treat for shock
Seek medical attention as quickly as possible
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FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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Bone Injuries
Any break in a bone including chips, cracks,
splintering, and complete breaks.
Treat all potential bone and joint injuries as if they
are broken.
Closed Fracture
Bone is broken and there is no penetration from the fracture
through the skin.
Open Fracture
A fracture that penetrates the skin or a penetrating injury that
causes a fracture.
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FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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Bone Injuries
Signs & Symptoms
Possible deformity
Swelling, discoloration
Tender to touch
Inability to move limb
First Aid
Avoid moving the fractured area
Splint the fracture
If fracture is open, apply dressing to wound
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Shock
The depression of bodily functions as a result of
reduced circulation.
Common types of Shock:
 Blood loss (hypovolemic shock)
Allergic (anaphylactic shock) - severe
allergy to foods, drugs, or
environment
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Signs and Symptoms of Shock
 Restlessness, combativeness, anxiety, or fear
 Rapid, weak pulse
 Rapid, shallow breathing
 Pale, clammy, cool skin
 Thirst
 Nausea,vomiting
 Excessive perspiration
 Dizziness
 Unresponsiveness or loss of consciousness
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First Aid Treatment for Shock
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Check Airway and breathing, stay alert for vomiting
(ABC’S)
If breathing and circulation stops, initiate CPR
Control bleeding - use direct pressure, pressure points,
etc. as needed
Administer oxygen
Position the patient - elevate the feet above the head
FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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Signs and Symptoms of Allergic Shock
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Severe itching: especially the face, chest, and back
Hives, rash
Difficulty breathing, dizziness
Weak pulse
Swollen face or tongue
Nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain
Restlessness, anxiety
FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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Treatment of Allergic Shock
 Check airway & breathing (ABC’S)
 Administer O2
 Benadryl may be given for milder reactions
 Know where the Epi-pen is and how to use it
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Food Poisoning
Some dangerous varieties include:
 E Coli- Severe bloody diarrhea and abdominal cramps
 Salmonella- Diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and fever
 Staph- can be blood infections or as pneumonia
 Botulism- Blurred vision, slurred speech, difficulty swallowing, and
muscle weakness
Gastrointestinal distress is the greatest
cause of pilot incapacitation.
The typical cause is food poisoning.
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Food Poisoning Symptoms
 Nausea, vomiting
 Diarrhea, abdominal pain
 Trouble breathing or swallowing
When traveling, avoid “creative
dining,” eat only at recommended
restaurants.
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Pilot Incapacitation
A decision must be made whether
to secure the pilot in their cockpit
seat or to remove them to the cabin.
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Food Poisoning Prevention
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Wash hands often; avoid touching your eyes, nose or
mouth. Sanitize your hands regularly. Have food delivered
50-75% cooked and cold. Keep hot food at 140 degrees or
above and cold food at 40 degrees, or below. Use coolers &
dry ice for longer legs
Be constantly aware of food spoilage using your senses of
smell, sight, and touch
Thoroughly wash cutting board & utensils with
antibacterial soap & hot water
Provide separate meals for the cockpit crewmembers
FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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Food Poisoning Treatment
Notify the PIC and your medical provider.
 After consulting with your medical provider, you may
be directed to offer medications from your first aid kit.
These may include Zofran, Phenergan, or antacid
and anti-diarrhea medicines
 These symptoms may lead to dehydration. Offer ice
chips and sips of cool water
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Diabetes
Diabetes is defined as the failure of the
body to produce sufficient insulin.
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Diabetic Coma / Hyperglycemia - The lack of
insulin in the body
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Diabetic Shock / Hypoglycemic - Too much
insulin in the body
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Diabetic Coma / Hyperglycemia
Symptoms - gradual onset over days
 Dry, red, warm skin
 Extreme thirst
 Sweet fruity breath
 Rapid breathing and weak pulse
 Rapid breathing
 May appear drunk
First Aid
 Give high flow O2
 Transport to a medical facility
DO NOT GIVE INSULIN
without a physician’s specific direction
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Diabetic Insulin Shock / Hypoglycemia
Symptoms - occurs more rapidly
Moist, pale, cold, clammy skin
Drooling, odorless breath
Rapid pulse, normal breathing
Anxiety, restlessness, can become abnormally aggressive or
hostile
May appear intoxicated
Treatment
Give sugar under the tongue,honey,candy, orange juice with
extra sugar, if conscious
If unconscious, give granular sugar under tongue
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Review
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What are some signs of a stroke?
What are some of the signs of a heart attack?
What can you do to protect yourself from bloodborne
pathogens?
Can you give orange juice to a person in insulin
shock/hypoglycemia? Diabetic coma/hyperglycemia?
FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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Scenario
While conducting the dinner service, you notice one of the
passengers tugging at his collar. He voice is raspy and his
breathing is rapid.
What would you do?
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FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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Summary
Remember, medical & traumatic situations
may strike during the flight, stops, or on
layovers and may involve a passenger, pilot or
a flight attendant.
Know, in advance, your flight department’s
protocol for handling a medical emergency.
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FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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FLA-FI-ILLINJURY-CP-Rev1_0
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