Transcript Premature ejaculation causes

• Medical Management
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Carnegie Mellon University Schools and divisions
1
John Heinz III College offers top-ranked
masters degrees in Information
Systems and Management, Public
Policy and Management, Health Care
Policy and Management, Biotechnology
and Management, Medical
Management, Public Management, Arts
Management, Entertainment Industry
Management,Information Technology,
and Information Security Policy
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Organ transplantation
Some of the key areas for medical
management are the problems of
transplant rejection, during which the body
has an immune response to the
transplanted organ, possibly leading to
transplant failure and the need to
immediately remove the organ from the
recipient
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Gynaecology - Therapies
Pre- and post-operative medical
management will often employ many
standard drug therapies, such as
antibiotics, diuretics,
antihypertensives, and antiemetics
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Medical genetics - Treatments
In some cases, particularly inborn
errors of metabolism, the mechanism
of disease is well understood and
offers the potential for dietary and
medical management to prevent or
reduce the long-term complications
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Carnegie Mellon - Schools and divisions
John Heinz III College' offers topranked masters degrees in Public
Policy and Management, Health Care
Policy and Management,
Biotechnology and Management,
Medical Management, Public
Management, Arts Management,
Entertainment Industry Management,
Information Systems and
Management, Information
Technology, and Information Security
Policy and Management
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Achalasia - Treatment
Sublingual nifedipine significantly
improves outcomes in 75% of people
with mild or moderate disease. It was
classically considered that surgical
myotomy provided greater benefit than
either botulinum toxin or dilation in
those who fail medical management.
However, a recent randomized
controlled trial found Pneumatic
Dilation to be non-inferior to
Laparoscopic Heller's Myotomy.
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Neuroethics - Neuroethics and Disorders of Consciousness
1
The clinical translation of these
advanced technologies is of vital
importance for the medical
management of these challenging
patients
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Intention tremor - Causes
Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention.[http://wonder.cdc.gov/w
onder/prevguid/p0000016/p0000016.a
sp] “Medical Management Guidelines
for Acute Chemical Exposures.” 1992
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Hereditary spastic paraplegia - Treatment
1
No specific treatment is known that
would prevent, slow, or reverse HSP.
Available therapies mainly consist of
symptomatic medical management
and promoting physical and
emotional well-being. Therapeutics
offered to HSP patients include:
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Gastroesophageal reflux disease - Surgery
1
In addition, in the short and medium
term, laparoscopic fundoplication
improves quality of life compared to
medical management
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Nuclear accidents
1
Nuclear-powered submarine core meltdown mishaps include
the Soviet submarine K-19|K-19 (1961), Soviet submarine K11|K-11(1965), Soviet submarine K-27|K-27 (1968), Soviet
submarine K-140|K-140 (1968), Soviet submarine K-429|K-429
(1970), Soviet submarine K-222|K-222 (1980), Soviet submarine
K-314|K-314 (1985), and Soviet submarine K-431|K-431 (1985).[
http://www.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,1887705,00.html
The Worst Nuclear Disasters] Serious radiation accidents
include the Kyshtym disaster, Windscale fire, radiotherapy
accident in Costa Rica,[
http://books.google.com.au/books?id=p6b4qDorN4wCpg=PA29
9lpg=PA299dq=costa+rica+radiotherapy+accidentsource=blots
=2WSqQ3c2q2sig=VRJ9HrpbadGRWeU9a9pRgBgutDkhl=enei=
6YYtSvyED8GUkAWKnKiICwsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnu
m=1#PPA299,M1 Medical management of radiation accidents]
pp
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Ventricular assist device - REMATCH
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The trial was designed to compare longterm implantation of left ventricular assist
devices with optimal medical management
for patients with end-stage heart failure
who require, but do not qualify to receive
cardiac transplantation
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Ventricular assist device - REMATCH
1
The trial demonstrated an 81% improvement
in two-year survival among patients receiving
HeartMate XVE compared to optimal medical
management. In addition, a destination
therapy study following the REMATCH trial
demonstrated an additional 17%
improvement (61% vs. 52%) in one-year
survival of patients that were implanted with a
VAD (HeartMate XVE), with an implication for
the appropriate selection of candidates and
timing of VAD implantation.
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Biosecurity - Challenges
In the October 2011 Bio-Response
Report Card, the WMD Center cites
the major challenges to biosecurity:
detection and diagnosis, attribution,
communication, medical
countermeasure availability, medical
countermeasure development and
approval process, medical
countermeasure dispensing, medical
management, and environmental
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Beta blocker
1
In 1962, Sir James W. Black found the
first clinically significant beta
blockers—propranolol and
pronethalol; it revolutionized the
medical management of angina
pectoris and is considered by many to
be one of the most important
contributions to clinical medicine and
pharmacology of the 20th century.
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Physical dependence - Symptoms
1
Abrupt withdrawal from other drugs, such as opioids
can cause an extremely physiologically and
psychologically painful withdrawal that is very rarely
fatal in patients of general good health and with
medical treatment, but is more often fatal in patients
with weakened cardiovascular systems; toxicity is
generally caused by the often-extreme increases in
heart rate and blood pressure (which can be treated
with clonidine), or due to arrhythmia due to electrolyte
imbalance caused by the inability to eat, and constant
diarrhea and vomiting (which can be treated with
loperamide and ondansetron respectively) associated
with acute opioid withdrawal, especially in longeracting substances where the diarrhea and emesis can
continue unabated for weeks, although life-threatening
complications are extremely rare, and nearly nonexistent with proper medical management
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Stroke - Risk factors
1
No high quality studies have shown the
effectiveness of interventions aimed at
weight reduction, promotion of regular
exercise, reducing alcohol consumption
or smoking cessation. Nonetheless,
given the large body of circumstantial
evidence, best medical management for
stroke includes advice on diet, exercise,
smoking and alcohol use. Medication or
Pharmacology|drug therapy is the most
common method of stroke prevention;
carotid endarterectomy can be a useful
surgical method of preventing stroke.
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Bayer - 2006 Trasylol safety advisory
1
In a Public Health Advisory Update dated
3 October 2006, the FDA recommended
physicians consider limiting Trasylol use to
those situations in which the clinical
benefit of reduced blood loss is necessary
to medical management and outweighs
the potential risks and carefully monitor
patients
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Appendicitis - Prognosis
Another entity known as appendicular
lump is talked about quite often. It
happens when appendix is not removed
early during infection and omentum and
intestine get adherent to it forming a
palpable lump. During this period,
operation is risky unless there is pus
formation evident by fever and toxicity or
by USG. Medical management treats the
condition.
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Breastfeeding - Weaning
In the past bromocriptine was in some
countries frequently used to reduce the
Breast engorgement|engorgement
experienced by many women during
weaning. This is now done only in
exceptional cases as it causes frequent side
effects, offers very little advantage over nonmedical management and the possibility of
serious side effects can not be ruled out.
Other medications such as cabergoline,
lisuride or birth control pills may occasionally
be used as lactation suppressants.
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Scientific fraud - United States
1
* Scott Reuben (medical management
of
pain)[http://online.wsj.com/article/S
B123672510903888207.html?mod=goo
glenews_wsj Top Pain Scientist
Fabricated Data in Studies, Hospital
Says], Wall Street Journal, 11 March
2009.
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Emergency Department - Frequent presenters
1
Frequent presenters are persons who
will present themselves at a hospital
multiple times, usually those with
complex medical requirements or
with psychological issues
complicating medical management
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Julia Lathrop - Director of United States Children's Bureau
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The first thirty years of the twentieth
century marked a transition between
traditional social medicine that
included the use of relatives or local
midwives and the rise of a modern
medical management of childbirth and
childrearing by experts outside the
family and home. However, as the
federal bureaucracy blossomed in the
years after World War II, the only
agency focused solely on children lost
its power and influence.
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Triage - United Kingdom
1
In the United Kingdom|UK, the commonly
used triage system is the Smart Incident
Command
System,[http://www.tsgassociates.co.uk/E
nglish/Civilian/products.htm
TSGassociates.co.uk] taught on the
MIMMS (Major Incident Medical
Management (and) Support) training
program
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Emergency bleeding control - Tourniquet
Improvised tourniquets, in addition to
creating potential problems for the ongoing
medical management of the patient,
usually fail to achieve force enough to
adequately compress the arteries of the
limb. As a result, they not only fail to stop
arterial bleeding, but may actually increase
bleeding due to the impaired venous
bloodflow. Some argue that tourniquets
should never be used in the pre-hospital
setting, not even for amputations.
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American Society of Anesthesiologists - Anesthesiology for the Surgical Patient
In the operating room, they are
responsible for the medical management
and anesthetic care of the patient
throughout the duration of the surgery
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Physician Assistant - Federal Government, Uniformed Services, and U.S. Armed Forces
The skills required for these PAs are
similar to that of their civilian colleagues,
but additional training is provided in
advanced casualty care, medical
management of chemical injuries, aviation
medicine and military medicine
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New York City Fire Department - Other Units
1
* 'Haz Tac Officer's Unit' is a vehicle that is
assigned to an Emergency Medical
Service supervisor. This Officer is trained
as a Hazmat Technician and as Rescue
Technician. The unit responds to speciality
assignments to over see medical
management at special assignments.
There are two units that cover the entire
City of New York 24/7.
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Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons - Schedule 3 Pharmacist
Only Medicine
** Do not require medical diagnosis, or
only require initial medical diagnosis, and
do not require close medical management
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Medical harm - History
1
The term medical harm was first used
after a Harvard Medical study in 1991
concluded that patients incurred a
substantial amount of injury from
medical management, and the injuries
were a result of substandard care. A
1999 report by the Institute of Medicine,
“To Err is Human,” further defined the
scope of the problem and outlined
comprehensive recommendations for
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Self-harm - Developing world
The improvement of medical
management of acute poisoning in the
developing world is poor and
improvements are required in order to
reduce mortality.
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Philippe Pinel - The Bicêtre and Salpêtrière
Appreciating Pussin's outstanding
talent, Pinel virtually apprenticed
himself to that unschooled but
experienced custodian of the insane. His
purpose in doing this was to enrich the
medical theory of mental illness with all
the insights that the empirical approach
affords. What he observed was a strict
nonviolent, nonmedical management of
mental patients that came to be called
moral treatment or moral management,
though psychological might be a more
accurate term.
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List of con artists - Living people
* Steven Jay Russell (1957): Georgia
deputy police officer who impersonated
several individuals to escape from a
Texas prison, and embezzled over
hundreds of thousands of dollars from
the North American Medical
Management corporation. Best known
for pretending to be dying from AIDS in
order to transfer out of prison, only to be
caught after later trying to appeal his
life-partner Phillip Morris' jail sentence.
Inspired a movie titled: I Love You Phillip
Morris
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Health care in the United States - Administrative costs
The cost of adjudicating claims has
fallen, while insurers are spending more
on other administrative activities, such
as medical management, nurse help
lines, and negotiating discounted fees
with health care providers.Jeff Lemieux,
[http://www.ahipresearch.org/pdfs/Ad
ministrative_Costs_030705.pdf
Perspective: Administrative Costs of
Private Health Insurance Plans],
America's Health Insurance Plans, 2005
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Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry - Emergency response
Another tool is the Medical
Management Guidelines, which
summarize important information on
exposure to common chemicals and
provide suggestions for safely treating
and decontaminating patients.
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Valium - Availability
1
Army Medical Research Institute of
Chemical Defense, Medical
Management of Chemical Casualties
Handbook, Third Edition (June 2000),
Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, pp
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Ibuprofen - Ibuprofen lysine
1
The lysine salt increases water solubility,
allowing intravenous use, and is indicated
for closure of a patent ductus arteriosus in
premature infants weighing between , who
are no more than 32 weeks gestational
age when usual medical management
(e.g., fluid restriction, diuretics, respiratory
support, etc.) is ineffective.
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Arabian horse - Genetic disorders
1
Medical management with NSAID and
antimicrobial therapy can treat upper
respiratory tract inflammation
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Sinusitis - Chronic
1
The medical management of chronic
rhinosinusitis is now focused upon
controlling the inflammation that
predisposes patients to obstruction,
reducing the incidence of infections
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Naltrexone - Pharmacogenetics
1
As white patients with the gene had a five
times greater rate of success in reducing
drinking when given naltrexone than did
patients without the gene, when used in a
protocol of Medical Management (MM),
Anton et al. concluded,
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Amphetamine psychosis - Substituted amphetamines
1
Guidelines for the medical management of patients
with methamphetamine-induced psychosis
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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder management - Cost-effectiveness
Combined medical management and
behavioral treatment is the most effective
ADHD management strategy, followed by
medication alone, and then behavioral
treatment
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Infertility - Specific female causes
(2000) Medical
management of
endometriosis and
infertility: 1089-1096.
1
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Tapir - Physical characteristics
1
[http://www.tapirback.com/reprints/aazv1.h
tm Medical Management of Captive Tapirs
(Tapirus sp.).] 1996 American Association
of Zoo Veterinarians Proceedings
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Angiostrongylus cantonensis - Treatment
Typical conservative medical
management including analgesics and
sedatives provide minimal relief the
headaches and hyperesthesias
1
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Horse colic - Impaction
1
Those impactions that are unresponsive to
medical management, which includes IV
fluids and removal of reflux, may be
treated using a single injection into the
ileum with 1 liter of
carboxymethylcellulose, and then
massaging the ileum
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Horse colic - Impaction
1
Medical management usually resolves
the colic, but if improvement doesn't
occur within a few hours then surgery
must be performed to flush the colon of
any sand, which procedure that has a
60-65% survival rate
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Horse colic - Impaction
Medical management includes the
aggressive use of fluids, laxatives and
lubricants, and enemas, as well as
analgesics and anti-inflammatories
1
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Horse colic - Impaction
1
Approximately 95% of horses that undergo medical
management, and 58% of surgical cases, survive.
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Horse colic - Analgesia and sedation
1
The intensity of medical management
is dependent on the severity of the
colic, its cause, and the financial
capabilities of the owner
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Horse colic - Surgical intervention
1
Additionally, surgical cases may develop
post-operative Horse colic#ileus|ileus
which requires further medical
management
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Aortic dissection - Management
1
In an acute dissection treatment choice
depends on its location. For Stanford type
A (ascending aortic) dissection, surgical
management is superior to medical
management. For uncomplicated Stanford
type B (distal aortic) dissections (including
abdominal aortic dissections), medical
management is preferred over surgical.
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Aortic dissection - Medication
1
Aortic dissection generally presents
as a hypertensive emergency, and the
prime consideration of medical
management is strict blood pressure
control. The target blood pressure
should be a mean arterial pressure
(MAP) of 60 to 75 mmHg, or the lowest
blood pressure tolerated by the
patient. Another factor is to reduce
the shear-force dP/dt (force of ejection
of blood from the left ventricle).
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Aortic dissection - Surgical
1
* Insertion of a stent graft (covered stent),
e.g. in TEVAR (thoracic endovascular
aortic repair). It is usually combined with
on-going medical management
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Hepatocellular carcinoma - Diagnosis
1
While surgical resection offers the best
chance at a cure for hepatocellular
carcinoma, the tumors are often
inoperable due to large size or spread
into vascular and adjacent structures.
Medical management is generally
palliative and aimed at reducing liver
disease symptoms. Chemotherapy is
traditionally ineffective. Interventional
radiology offers minimally invasive
treatments that can improve quality of
life, increase survival, and reduce
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Hysteria (2011 film)
It stars Hugh Dancy and Maggie
Gyllenhaal, with Felicity Jones, Jonathan
Pryce, and Rupert Everett appearing in
key supporting
roles.http://blog.moviefone.com/2011/08/1
7/hysteria-trailer-maggie-gyllenhaalvibrators/ The film, set in the Victorian era,
shows how the medical management of
hysteria led to the invention of the Vibrator
(sex toy)|vibrator
1
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Health systems by country - United States
In the US, the social and political
issues surrounding access to health
care have led to vigorous public
debate and the almost colloquial use
of terms such as health care (medical
management of illness), health
insurance (reimbursement of health
care costs), and public health (the
collective state and range of health in
a population)
1
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Mitral stenosis - Treatment
The treatment options for mitral
stenosis include medical management,
mitral valve replacement by surgery,
and percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty
by balloon catheter.
1
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Coronary artery bypass surgery - CABG associated
A neurocognitive decline over time
has been demonstrated in people with
coronary artery disease regardless of
treatment (OPCAB, conventional
CABG or medical management)
1
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Gastrointestinal bleeding - Procedures
1
Endoscopy within 24hours is
recommended, in addition to
medical management
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Hypnotherapy - Meta-analysis
In 2007 a meta-analysis from the
Cochrane Collaboration found that the
therapeutic effect of hypnotherapy was
superior to that of a waiting list control or
usual medical management, for abdominal
pain and composite primary IBS
symptoms, in the short term in patients
who fail standard medical therapy, with no
harmful side-effects
1
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Nuclear incident
1
Nuclear-powered submarine core meltdown and other
mishaps include the Soviet submarine K-19|K-19 (1961),
Soviet submarine K-11|K-11 (1965), Soviet submarine K27|K-27 (1968), Soviet submarine K-140|K-140 (1968),
Soviet submarine K-429|K-429 (1970), Soviet submarine
K-222|K-222 (1980), Soviet submarine K-314|K-314
(1985), and Soviet submarine K-431|K-431
(1985).[http://content.time.com/time/photogallery/0,2
9307,1887705,00.html The Worst Nuclear Disasters]
Serious radiation accidents include the Kyshtym
disaster, Windscale fire, radiotherapy accident in Costa
Rica,[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=p6b4qDor
N4wCpg=PA299lpg=PA299dq=costa+rica+radiotherapy
+accident#PPA299,M1 Medical management of
radiation accidents] pp
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Thiomersal controversy - Publicity of concern
1
These parents share the viewpoint that
autism is not just treatable, but curable
through Biomedical intervention for
autism#Medical management|biomedical
interventions and have been frustrated by
the lack of progress from more mainline
scientists in finding this cure
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Detoxification - Alcohol detoxification
Precipitous alcohol
withdrawal|withdrawal from longterm alcohol addiction without
medical management can cause
severe health problems and can be
fatal
1
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Physician peer review
1
The Physician Executive
Journal of Medical
Management
2009;35(5):54-59
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1996 San Juan de Dios radiotherapy accident
1
In the course of the accident 114 patients
received an overdose of radiation and 13
died of radiation-related
injuries.[http://books.google.com.au/b
ooks?id=p6b4qDorN4wCpg=PA299lpg=P
A299dq=costa+rica+radiotherapy+accid
entsource=blots=2WSqQ3c2q2sig=VRJ9
HrpbadGRWeU9a9pRgBgutDkhl=enei=6
YYtSvyED8GUkAWKnKiICwsa=Xoi=boo
k_resultct=resultresnum=1#PPA299,M1
Medical management of radiation
accidents] pp
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Medical peer review - History
The Physician
Executive Journal of
Medical Management
2009;35(5):54-59
1
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Heinz College - Rankings
1
The Medical Management program was
ranked 4th by Modern Healthcare
Magazine in the 2009 rankings of the top
management graduate schools for
physician executives.
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Osteitis fibrosa cystica - Medical
1
Medical management of OFC consists
of Vitamin D treatment, generally
alfacalcidol or calcitriol, delivered
intravenously. Studies have shown
that in cases of OFC caused by either
end-stage renal disease or primary
hyperparathyoidism, this method is
successful not only in treating
underlying hyperparathyoidism, but
also in causing the regression of
brown tumors and other symptoms of
OFC.
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Autism therapies
'Autism therapies' attempt to lessen the
deficits and abnormal behaviours associated
with autism and other autism spectrum
disorders (ASD), and to increase the quality
of life and functional independence of autistic
individuals, especially children. Treatment is
typically catered to the child's needs.
Treatments fall into two major categories:
educational interventions and medical
management. Training and support are also
given to families of those with ASD.
1
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List of nuclear and radiation accidents by death toll - Other accidents
*13 fatalities – Radiotherapy accident in
Costa Rica, 1996. 114 patients received an
overdose of radiation from a Cobalt-60
source that was being used for
radiotherapy.[http://books.google.com.au/boo
ks?id=p6b4qDorN4wCpg=PA299lpg=PA299d
q=costa+rica+radiotherapy+accidentsource=
blots=2WSqQ3c2q2sig=VRJ9HrpbadGRWeU
9a9pRgBgutDkhl=enei=6YYtSvyED8GUkAW
KnKiICwsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum
=1#PPA299,M1 Medical management of
radiation accidents] pp. 299 303.
1
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Medical home - Comparison with “gatekeeper” models
1
The medical home puts emphasis on medical
management rewarding quality patient-centered
care.
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Scoliosis - Management
1
The traditional medical management of
scoliosis is complex and is determined by
the severity of the curvature and Bone
age|skeletal maturity, which together help
predict the likelihood of progression.
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Bühler Motor
Bühler Motor is certified for its quality
management system under ISO/TS
16949|ISO/TS 16949:2002 and for its
environmental management system under
ISO 14001|DIN EN ISO 14001:2004. The
Nuremberg and Monheim locations are
also certified for its medical management
system under EN
ISO13485:2003/AC:2009 since 2011.
1
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USAMRIID
1
USAMRIID was the first bio-facility of
its type to research the Ames strain of
anthrax, determined through genetic
analysis to be the bacterium used in
the 2001 anthrax
attacks.[http://www.usamriid.army.
mil/education/index.htm Medical
Management of Chemical and
Biological Casualties Course
(MMCBC)][http://english.ohmynews.
com/articleview/article_view.asp?no
=336537rel_no=1 America Steps-Up
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USAMRIID - Periodic USAMRIID training courses
*Medical Management of
Biological Casualties (MMBC)
1
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Dapoxetine - Safety and tolerability
Dapoxetine: a new option in the
medical management of premature
ejaculation
1
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Banfield Pet Hospital - History
1
Medical Management
International, Inc
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Steven Jay Russell - Biography
1
The two were later released from prison,
and wanting to give Morris a glamorous
lifestyle, Russell managed to get a job as
the chief financial officer of North
American Medical Management (NAMM)
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Viral hemorrhagic fever - Management
1
Medical management of VHF
patients may require intensive
supportive care
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I Love You Phillip Morris - Plot
Steven cannot bear to be separated
from Phillip. After being released, he
helps get Phillip freed from prison by
posing as a lawyer, then attains wealth
by fraudulently acquiring a position as
chief financial officer of a large medical
management company called USAMM.
1
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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist - Uses
1
* Treatment of cancers that are hormonally
sensitive and where a hypogonadal state
decreases the chances of a recurrence.
Thus they are commonly employed in the
medical management of prostate cancer
and have been used in patients with
breast cancer.
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Asherman's syndrome - Prevention
1
DC), medical management or conservative
management (that is, watchful waiting)
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Laryngopharyngeal reflux - Treatment
When medical
management fails,
Nissen fundoplication
can be offered.
1
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Alternative therapies for developmental and learning disabilities - Treatment needs
For example, there is no cure for
autism; the main goals of mainstream
behavioral and medical management
are to lessen associated deficits and
family distress, and to increase quality
of life and functional independence
1
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Egyptian Armed Forces - Structure
Moreover, The Medical management of the armed
forces is responsible for managing the medical affairs
of the armed forces as well as controlling the hospitals
run by the Armed Forces which serves both civilians
and military personnel estimated at 19 hospitals in
Cairo, 8 in Alexandria, 3 in Matrouh
Governorate|Matrouh, 2 in each of Ismailia and
Gharbia Governorate|Gharbia, one in each of Port
Said, Al Sharqia Governorate|Al Sharqia, Dakahlia
Governorate|Dakahlia, Beni Suef Governorate|Beni
Suef, Minya Governorate|Minya, Sohag, Qena
Governorate|Qena, Aswan, Kafr el-Sheikh
Governorate|Kafr el-Sheikh, and North Sinai
Governorate|North Sinai.
1
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Chronic venous insufficiency - Signs and symptoms
* Venous insufficiency
ulceration|Ulcers.[http://www.ncbi.nlm.
nih.gov/pubmed/17823046] Ann Vasc
Surg. 2007 Sep;21(5):652-62.
Dermatologic complications of chronic
venous disease: medical management
and beyond. Barron GS1, Jacob SE,
Kirsner RS. PMID 17823046
1
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Menorrhagia - Treatment
1
In the United Kingdom|UK the use of
hysterectomy for menorrhagia has
been almost halved between 1989 and
2003. This has a number of causes:
better medical management,
endometrial ablation and particularly
the introduction of IUS which may be
inserted in the community and avoid
the need for specialist referral; in one
study up to 64% of women cancelled
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Clinical genetics - Treatments
1
In some cases, particularly inborn
errors of metabolism, the mechanism
of disease is well understood and
offers the potential for dietary and
medical management to prevent or
reduce the long-term complications
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Aortic aneurysm - Medical therapy
1
The medical management of patients
with aortic aneurysms, reserved for
smaller aneurysms or frail patients,
involves cessation of smoking, blood
pressure control, use of statins and
occasionally beta blockers. Ultrasound
studies are obtained on a regular
basis (i.e. every six or 12 months) to
follow the size of the aneurysm.
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Aortic aneurysm - Surgery
For abdominal aneurysms, the current
treatment guidelines for abdominal aortic
aneurysms suggest elective surgical repair
when the diameter of the aneurysm is
greater than . However, recent data on
patients aged 60–76 suggest medical
management for abdominal aneurysms
with a diameter of less than .
1
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Fuchs' dystrophy - Treatment
Medical management includes topical
hypertonic saline, the use of a hairdryer to
dehydrate the precorneal tear film, and
therapeutic soft contact lenses
1
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Fibromuscular dysplasia - Treatment
There is no known cure for FMD.
However, treatment focuses on relieving
symptoms associated with it. Medical
management is the most common form of
treatment. The best approach to medically
managing these patients is constantly
being reevaluated as more information is
learned about the disease.
1
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Parry–Romberg syndrome - Medical
Medical management may involve
immunosuppressive drugs such as
methotrexate, corticosteroids,
cyclophosphamide, and azathioprine. No
randomized controlled trials have yet been
conducted to evaluate such treatments, so
the benefits have not been clearly
established.
1
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Balance disorder - Ménière's disease
**Aminoglycoside antibiotics
(gentamicin) can be used to treat
Ménière's disease. Systemic
streptomycin (given by injection) and
topical gentamicin (given directly to the
inner ear) are useful for their ability to
affect the hair cells of the balance
system. Gentamicin also can affect the
hair cells of the cochlea, though, and
cause hearing loss in about 10% of
patients. In cases that do not respond to
medical management, surgery may be
1
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Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo - Treatment
1
The medical management of vestibular
syndromes has become increasingly
popular over the last decade, and
numerous novel drug therapies
(including existing drugs with new
indications), have emerged for the
treatment of vertigo/dizziness
syndromes
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Vestibular schwannoma - Treatment
1
About 25% of all acoustic neuromas are
treated with medical management
consisting of a periodic monitoring of the
patient's neurological status, serial
imaging studies, and the use of hearing
aids when
appropriate.[http://www.americanhearing.org/disorders/tumors/acoustic_neu
roma.html#treated Acoustic Neuroma - at
American Hearing Research Foundation,
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Abdominal compartment syndrome - Non-operative medical management
Furthermore, visiting the website of the
World Society of Abdominal compartment
syndrome allows one to download
assessment and management algorithms
free of charge.[http://www.wsacs.org]
WSACS.org More detailed information on
medical management for this syndrome
can be found on the intraabdominal
hypertension page
1
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Familial aortic dissection - Diagnosis
Instead medical management is the
common response to treating and keeping
dissections of the descending aorta under
control.
1
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Lumbar spinal stenosis - Surgery
1
Both surgical procedures
are more expensive than
medical management.
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Carotid artery stenosis - Management
*Medical management plus carotid
endarterectomy or carotid stenting, which
is preferred in patients at high surgical risk
and in younger patients.
1
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Carotid artery stenosis - Management
1
Intervention (carotid endarterectomy
or carotid stenting) can cause stroke,
however where the risk of stroke from
medical management alone is high,
intervention may be beneficial
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2014 Ebola outbreak - Level of care
1
Speaking from a remote region, a MSF
worker said that a shortage of
protective equipment was making the
medical management of the disease
difficult and that they had limited
capacity to safely bury bodies.
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National Eating Disorders Association - Anorexia
1
Sim, et al. write that, “Practice guidelines
for the treatment of AN recommend a
multidisciplinary approach involving
medical management, nutritional
intervention, and psychotherapy.”Sim, et
al., p. 747.
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Gene therapy for osteoarthritis
1
'Gene transfer strategies' for medical
management of the Osteoarthritis
have attracted the attention of
scientists due to the complex
pathology of this chronic disease.
Unlike other pharmacological
treatments, gene therapy targets the
disease process rather than the
symptoms.
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Ricin - Toxicity
1
Deaths from ingesting castor plant seeds
are rare, partly because of their
indigestible capsule, and because the
body can, although only with difficulty,
digest ricin. The pulp from eight beans is
considered dangerous to an adult.
Rauber and Heard have written that
close examination of early 20th century
case reports indicates that public and
professional perceptions of ricin toxicity
do not accurately reflect the capabilities
of modern medical management.
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Dilation and curettage - Clinical uses
1
Medical management of miscarriage
and medical abortion using drugs
such as misoprostol and mifepristone
are safe, non-invasive and cheaper
alternatives to DC.
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Dilation and curettage - Complications
Yet, in terms of long-term
reproductive outcome after
miscarriage, a scientific
review|review in 2013 came to the
conclusion that there were no studies
reporting a link to DC, while similar
pregnancy outcomes were reported
subsequent to surgical management
(including DC), medical management
or conservative management (that is,
1
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Nuclear and radiation accidents by country - Costa Rica
1
*1996 – Radiotherapy accident in Costa Rica.
Thirteen fatalities and 114 other patients
received an overdose of
radiation.[http://books.google.com.au/books?i
d=p6b4qDorN4wCpg=PA299lpg=PA299dq=c
osta+rica+radiotherapy+accidentsource=blots
=2WSqQ3c2q2sig=VRJ9HrpbadGRWeU9a9
pRgBgutDkhl=enei=6YYtSvyED8GUkAWKnK
iICwsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=1#
PPA299,M1 Medical management of
radiation accidents] pp. 299 303.
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Centronuclear myopathy - Treatment
1
Medical management generally involves
efforts to prevent pulmonary
complications, since lung infections can be
fatal in patients lacking the muscle
strength necessary to clear secretions via
coughing. Medical devices to assist with
coughing help patients maintain clear
airways, avoiding mucus|mucous plugs
and avoiding the need for tracheostomy
tubes.
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Renal artery stenosis - Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis
1
There was a slight better outcome in the
stenting group with respect to lowering of
systolic blood pressure compared to the
medical only group There are other
ongoing clinical trials comparing medical
management and angioplasty with stenting
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Inferior vena cava filter
1
They are not intended to be a replacement for
medical management of venous
thromboembolism (VTE)
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Accident and emergency - Frequent presenters
1
Frequent presenters are persons who
will present themselves at a hospital
multiple times, usually those with
complex medical requirements or
with psychological issues
complicating medical management
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TURP - Indications
1
If TURP is contraindicated a urologist may
consider a simple prostatectomy, in and
out catheters, or a supra-pubic catheter to
help a patient void urine
effectively.[http://emedicine.medscape.co
m/article/449781-overview#showall
Collins, MD; Chief Editor: Edward David
Kim, MD Transurethral Resection of the
Prostate Medscape:] As medical
management of BPH improves, the
numbers of TURPs have been decreasing.
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Secondary hypertension - Arsenic exposure
atsdr-medical
management
guidelines for arsenic
trioxide
1
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Orthoptics
1
'Orthoptics' is a profession allied to
medicine whose primary remit is the
diagnosis and non-medical
management of strabismus (squint),
amblyopia (lazy eye) and eye
movement disorders
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Adult Blood Lead Epidemiology and Surveillance - Health Effects
Recommendations
for medical
management of adult
lead exposure
1
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Weill-Marchesani syndrome - Treatment and prognosis
1
However, long term medical management
of glaucoma has not proven to be
successful for patients with Weill–
Marchesani syndrome. Physical therapy
and orthopedic treatments are generally
prescribed for problems stemming from
mobility from this connective tissue
disorder. However, this disorder has no
cure, and generally, treatments are given
to improve quality of life.
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Moyamoya disease - Pathophysiology
1
Once it begins, the process of blockage
(vascular occlusion) tends to continue
despite any known medical management.
In some people this leads to repeated
strokes and severe functional impairment
or even death. In others, this blockage
may not cause any symptoms.
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Karmiel - Health care
In 2011, a Terem emergency care clinic
was opened in Karmiel. The clinic is under
the medical management of Dr. Walid
Assadi and is open seven days a week,
including Sabbath and holidays.
[http://www.terem.com/en/news/14%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%91%D7%9E%D
7%91%D7%A8-2012/new-terem-clinickarmiel New Terem clinic in Karmiel]
1
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Bivalirudin - Dosing and administration
1
-Infusion: 0.25mg/kg/h
for up to 72 hours for
medical management
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Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome - Prognosis and Medical Management
1
The medical management of FXTAS aims to
reduce the level of disability and minimize
symptoms
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Bronchoconstriction - Management
Medical management of transient
bronchoconstriction or chronic bronchitis
depends on the severity and etiology of
the underlying disease and can be treated
with combinations of the following
medications:
1
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Radiocontrast - Anaphylactoid reactions
1
Anaphylactoid reactions range from urticaria
and itching, to bronchospasm and facial and
laryngeal edema. For simple cases of
urticaria and itching, Benadryl
(diphenhydramine) oral or IV is appropriate.
For more severe reactions, including
bronchospasm and facial or neck edema,
albuterol inhaler, or subcutaneous or IV
epinephrine, plus diphenhydramine may be
needed. If respiration is compromised, an
airway must be established prior to medical
management.
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