Transcript Promotion of Safety - mrsmurraysmedicalcareersclass

PROMOTION OF SAFETY IN
HEALTH CARE
SAFETY IS EVERYONE’S RESPONSIBILITY IN
THE HOSPITAL SETTING…
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Medical errors rank as the 8th leading cause of death in the
US – higher than motor vehicle accidents (43,458), breast
cancer (42,297), or AIDS (16,516)
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According to the CDC, in US hospitals hospital-acquired
infections account for an estimated 1.7 million infections and
99,000 associated deaths each year
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One in every four Medicare patients who were hospitalized
from 2000 to 2002 and experienced a patient-safety incident
died
• Safety in the health care industry is every employee’s
responsibility
• Safety protects: patients, health care worker, co-workers and
visitors
• Common injuries of health care workers: musculoskeletal strain,
needlesticks
ORGANIZATIONS RESPONSIBLE
FOR SAFETY IN HEALTH CARE:
• OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration
• www.osha.gov
• JCAHO: Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare
Organizations
• www.jointcommission.org
JOINT COMMISSION
• Non profit est in 1951
• Safety/quality of care
• Accreditation status can affect licensure/funding
• Surveys conducted annually
• National patient safety goals
• JCAHO National Patient Safety Goals (Hospitals) for 2017:
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Goal 1 – improve the accuracy of patient identification
Goal 2 – improve effectiveness of communication among caregivers
Goal 3 – improve the safety of using medications
Goal 4 – reduce harm associated with clinical alarm systems
Goal 5 - Reduce the risk of health-care associated infections
Goal 6 - Hospitals identify safety risks inherent in its patient population
• Responsibility of all HCW!
• Occupational Safety and Health Administration
(OSHA)
• Division of the Department of Labor
• Establishes and enforces safety standards
in the workplace
• Two main standards that affect health care:
1. The Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals
Standard
2. The Bloodborne Pathogen Standard
(continues)
WE WANT
YOU TO STAY SAFE!
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO
HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
• The Standard requires employers to inform employees of all
chemicals and hazards
in workplace
• All manufacturers must provide Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) with any hazardous product they sell
• Specific information has to be provided on
the MSDS
• Training for employees
• MSDS: physical data, health effects, first aid, reactivity,
storage, disposal, PPE, spill/leak procedures
Where is the chemical spill station?
BLOODBORNE PATHOGEN STANDARD
• Contains mandates to protect health care providers from
diseases caused by exposure to body fluids
• Diseases that can be contracted by exposure
to body fluids include hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and AIDS
• BBP, est in 1991 to protect hcw from exp to body fl
• Primary diseases transmitted by body fl inc: Hep B, Hep C,
HIV/AIDS
• Emplyr: H/W, Hep B vacc, PPE, sharps disposal, tx for exposures,
training
• Needlestick Safety Act of 2001: safer devices, inj log, tx for sticks
BODY MECHANICS
DID YOU KNOW
• Over 1 million workers suffer from back injuries during the
course of their careers
• 60% of the US population has experienced back pain at some
point in their lives
• 5% of the US population suffers from chronic back pain
• Lifting a 10lb object can put up to 1150 lbs of pressure on the
lower back!
• Most back injuries are preventable!
BODY MECHANICS DEFINED
• utilization of correct muscles to complete a task safely/efficiently,
w/out undue strain on any muscle/joint
• way the body moves and maintains balance while making efficient
use of all of its parts
4 REASONS FOR GOOD BODY
MECHANICS:
• Muscles work best when used correctly
• Makes tasks easier
• Prevents fatigue/strain; saves energy
• Prevents injury to self and others
9 RULES OF GOOD BODY
MECHANICS
• 1. Maintain Wide Base of Support: keep feet 8-10”
apart pointed in direction of movement
• 2. Bend at knees and hips not from waist; keep back
straight
• 3. Use strongest muscles: deltoid, bi/tricep, quad,
hamstring
• 4. Use body weight to push, pull or slide. Try not to lift
• 5. Keep the object being lifted close to your body
• 6. Avoid twisting; turn feet and entire body
• 7. Avoid prolonged bending
• 8. Always plan lift and test load
• 9. If unsure, get help
• Good body mechanics
or not??
Why or why not??
• What body mechanics rules are not being followed here?
RISK FACTORS FOR BACK INJURIES:
• Obesity
• Lack of muscle tone/poor physical fitness
• Poor body mechanics
• Poor posture
• Age
• Previous back injury
• Stress
• Smoking
• Underlying disease process
ERGONOMICS
• Applied science to promote the safety and well-being of
a person by adapting the environment and using
techniques to prevent injuries
• Includes:
• Correct placement of equip, training for correct use of muscles,
avoidance of repetitive motion
POOR ERGONOMICS
SAFETY IN THE HC ENVIRONMENT
Involves the following:
• Equipment
• Patient
• HCW
• Fire
• Oxygen
1. EQUIPMENT/SOLUTION SAFETY
• Do not use any equipment unless trained
• Read all equip instructions/attend inservices
• Report all damage/malfunction
• Observe all equip safety precautions
• Read MSDS
• Do not use unlabeled soln
• Read labels 3 times
• Do not mix solns unless there is awareness of compatibility
• Clean all spills acc to institution/soln guidelines
BAD THINGS CAN
HAPPEN WHEN YOU
AREN’T PAYING
ATTENTION.
Don’t let this be you 
2. PATIENT SAFETY
• Do not perform any procedures unless qualified/trained
• Always verify all medical orders
• Use only approved methods
• Avoid shortcuts
• Explain all procedures/obtain consent
• Observe the patient closely during all procedures
• Wash hands frequently!
• Wear PPE when indicated
• Identify the patient: Ask name/DOB, check wristband, use name x
2, check chart
• Prior to proced: introd self, ID pt, explain proced, obtain consent
FOR PATIENT SAFETY,
YOU MUST WEAR THE PROPER PERSONAL
PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE).
PATIENT BRACELETS
• Allergy
• DNR
• Restricted Extremity
• Yellow: Fall Risk
• Latex allergy
• Same Name
Observe patient safety checkpoints:
• 1. pt in a comfortable position
• 2. bed in lowest position
• 3. siderails up if indicated
• 4. bed wheels locked
• 5. call signal/supplies in reach
• 6. door/curtain open/closed
• 7. pt area neat/clean
• 8. check for hazards
Wheelchair safety:
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1.Inspect w/c: all parts in good working order?
2. Use right side of hallway/care at intersections.
3. Pull w/c backwards into elevator
4. Walk w/c backwards down any ramps
5. Use body weight to push chair
3. HEALTH CARE WORKER SAFETY
• Individual responsibility
• Use correct body mechanics
• Walk!
• Follow traffic pattern: keep to right
• Report any unsafe situations
• Report all injuries, even if minor, to supervisor
• Keep work area neat
• Wear ID, proper attire
• H/W frequently!
• Use PPE as indicated for certain pts/procedures
• Always follow standard and isolation based precautions
• Never recap needles
• Flush eyes/skin if contaminated
DID YOU GET SOMETHING IN YOUR EYES?
WHERE IS THE EYE WASH STATION?
YOU MUST HOLD YOUR EYES OPEN AND
RINSE FOR 15 MINUTES!
FIRE! FIRE! FIRE!
What do you do??
4. FIRE SAFETY
• Potential in hosp d/t electrical equipment/solutions in use
• Units at greatest risk?
• Multipurpose fire extinguisher: Class ABC
• Remain calm!
• Follow all institution guidelines; know fire emergency plan
• Know how to operate a fire extinguisher
• Follow institution no smoking policies
• Dispose of waste in appropriate containers
• Use care when operating all electrical equip
• Store flammables in appropriate containers/areas
• Make sure fire exits are not blocked
• Observe O2 safety guidelines
WHERE IS THE FIRE EXIT?
WHERE IS THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER?
RACE
• Rescue
• Alarm
• Contain
• Extinguish
PASS
• Pull the pin
• Aim at base
• Squeeze the handle
• Sweep side to side; stand back 6-10 feet
5. O2 IN USE
• No smoking
• Remove all smoking related material
• Signs posted: O2 in use
• Use care with all electrical equip
• Avoid static elec
• No flammables
YOU WILL NOT BE
ALLOWED TO
PARTICIPATE IN
THE CLINICALS
WITHOUT
INFECTION
PREVENTION &
STUDENT SAFETY!
WE WILL HAVE A GREAT TIME DURING
CLINICALS IF YOU REMEMBER TO BE SAFE!