Transcript Blood Pressure Definition of Blood Pressure

Please get your assigned
computer.
Do not turn on until
instructed.
Blood Pressure
Definition of Blood Pressure
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The measurement of the force of blood
against artery walls
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Force comes from the pumping of the heart
If arteries are hardened or narrowed, this force
might be increased to pump the blood
throughout the body
Measurement of BP
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Done by listening for two sounds within a
stethoscope – the first sound and the change
in sound/or in some instances the last
sound
1st sound – systolic BP
2nd sound – diastolic BP
Aneroid Sphygmomanometer
Systolic vs. Diastolic
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Systolic – measures
the pressure in an
artery when the
heart is contracting
Diastolic – measures
the pressure in an
artery when the
heart relaxes
between
contractions
Charting the BP
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Top number (systolic) is
measured first, then the
bottom number (diastolic)
120/80 is a normal blood
pressure
Reading an Aneroid
Sphygmomanometer
Practice
BP Values
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Normal range of BP = 100/60 to 140/90
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90/60 = hypotensive
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Dizziness, light-headedness, might faint
Medications, extremely fit, illness, injury
Normal Pulse
Pressure
30-50 mm Hg
(systolic – diastolic)
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140/90 = hypertensive
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“silent killer,” there are often no symptoms
May result in a stroke
Overweight, emotional upset, history, pain, illness,
medication
AHA Recommendations
BP mmHg
Normal
Prehypertension
Hypertension
Systolic (top
number)
Less than 120
120-139
140 or higher
Diastolic (bottom
number)
Less than 80
80-89
90 or higher
High BP
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Increases the risk of coronary heart disease
(which leads to heart attack) and stroke
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Can occur in children or adults
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Particularly prevalent in:
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African Americans
middle-aged and elderly
obese people
heavy drinkers
Mercury Sphygmomanometer
Instruments
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Sphygmomanometer
(blood pressure cuff)
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Must fit the arm properly
Gauge should be
calibrated and needle on zero
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Stethoscope
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Eartips point toward
nose
Must be cleaned after
each use!
Parts of a
Stethoscope
To prevent spread of
microorganisms,
clean eartips and
diaphragm after
each use with
alcohol.
Point
eartips
toward
the nose
when
placed in
the ears.
Let’s See What You Have Learned!
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You will need headphones for this lab
Log into AISD Moodle
Locate Clinical Skills
Click on Blood Pressure Practice
Read Introduction
Read patient history then, practice taking
BP for each patient
Are you ready to take a BP?
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Sphygmomanometer
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Must fit the arm properly;
width of cuff = with of upper
arm
Gauge should be
calibrated and needle on zero
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Stethoscope
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Eartips point to nose
Must clean ear tips and
diaphragm with alcohol
wipe after use
Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Person should be seated or
lying down
Should have rested for 10-15
minutes prior to reading
For adults, use arm, for
infants, use leg
Excess air should be squeezed
out of the cuff
Valve should be closed, but
easily able to be opened
Two technique options:
Option 1
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Find radial pulse
Pump cuff until pulse no longer palpated
Pump another 30 mmHG higher
Place diaphragm of stethoscope on brachial
artery about ½ - 1 inch above the elbow
Release the valve and listen for the two
measurements – slowly deflating the cuff
Option 2
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Find brachial artery and put diaphragm
over the site
Pump cuff to 120 mmHg and listen for the
heart beat
Once heard, pump another 30 mmHg and
listen again
When pulse is no longer heard, then pump
another 30 mmHg and slowly deflate,
listening for the two measurements
Procedure (continued)
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Manual BP video
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Self Manual BP video
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Automatic Monitor video
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If reading is uncertain, wait 30 to 60 seconds
before re-measuring
Record the reading and report any
abnormalities
BP Lab
If reading is uncertain,
wait 30-60 seconds
before re-measuring!
If still uncertain,
switch arms.
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Practice taking your BP – chart
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Practice taking BP of five students – chart
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Practice taking BP with an automatic
monitor on at least two students –chart
Review Positioning PPT – make Cornell
Notes