Transcript Punification - Aden College

Islamic Teachings and
Health Issues
Dr. Mohamed Albar FRCP.
Medical Ethics Center
International Medical
Center
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
THE SCOPE OF “TIBBI NABAWI”
• Health promotion and disease
prevention.
• Curative prophetic medicine.
• Spiritual and psychological medicine.
• Ethics of medical profession.
• Special topics medicine.
• Manuscripts and books of “ tibbi nabawi”
Regulation of Medical Practice
The Prophet Muhammad PBUH said:
“Anyone who practices medicine
without due knowledge is liable.”
Regulation of Medical Practice
• Islamic jurists since the time of Abdulmalik Ibn
Habib (died 236H/853 C.E.) who wrote a book
on Tibbi Nabawi declared that:
“ to practice medicine the Practitioner:
– 1) should be licensed by the Muhtasib that he
has sufficient knowledge of his practice;
– 2) should obtain the consent of the patient or
his guardian if not competent. If he has not
fulfilled one or both then he is liable.”
• If the Practitioner has fulfilled both of
these criteria, and the patient died due
to no mistake or negligence of the
Practitioner, then the Practitioner is not
liable.
(Iman Shafi in his book Al Om vol.6/186)
HEALTH PROMOTION AND
DISEASE PREVENTION
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Cleanliness of the body.
Ablution and full body washings.
Cleaning after micturition and defecation.
Siwak (tooth brushing)
AVOIDING MICTURITION AND DEFECATION
IN :
• Sources of water.
• Under trees.
• Pathways.
The problem of Bilharziasis
up to 1980s
• >200 million
• > 1000million suffer from ascariasis and
ankylostomiasis
• Water and food born diseases:>1000
million suffer annually
• Ablution (Woodu) is compulsory washing
of face hands and feet prior to prayers
(5 times daily)
• washing whole body, ablution and washing
hands, cleaning mouth and nostrils.
Cleaning after micturition and defecation.
• It is incumbent on every Muslim to have
full body wash, at least once weekly
(Friday)
Tooth brushing (MISWAK)
‫السواك‬
• The Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) said
• Were it not strain to my people I would
have ordained the use of siwak at every
prayer.
Cleaning the Nostrils & mouth
• It is recommended to clean nostrils and
mouth with water with every woodu.
• The mouth and nostrils harbor billions of
different microorganisms.
• Mouth and nose cleaning is even more
important than hand washing.
Health promotion and disease
prevention
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Cleaning of body outside and inside
Cleanliness of places and houses
Cleanliness of courtyards and streets
Avoiding pollution
Taking safety measures: car driving, at
work and at home.
Car Accidents
Traffic Accidents
Victims Annually
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U.S.A
U.K.
France
S. Arabia
Admissions
Infirmity
60, 000
10, 000
11, 000
10,000
40,000
20,000
Pollution & Environment
• Islamic View about Conservation of Nature, as found
in Qur’ān and Prophet’s (pbh) Traditions (Ḥadīth),
• Building jurisprudence or laws (aḥkām al-bunyān),
found in jurisprudence compendia and the books
that were specifically written on the subject. Most of
these books are not known to the historians of
science, and consequently not utilized for in-depth
studies in related fields.
• Market inspection (ḥisba) regulations, in ḥisba
manuals. The same can be said about these
manuals: most of them are not known to the
historians of science. The paper gives a full list of
both types of books (building jurisprudence and
ḥisba manuals).
Rules of nutrition
• Good nutritious food
• Halal food :its sources, avoid blood, pork,
carrion & alcohol.
• Avoiding excess and obesity.
• Fasting Ramadhan and non obligatory
fasting.
• Avoiding smoking and drugs of recreation.
Active life
• physical activity and exercise:
• “Teach your children how to shoot, swim
and how to ride horses”
• Prayers and congregate prayers at the
mosques: walking 5 times to the mosque.
Obesity
Obesity
• 50% of Saudi adults are obese or overweight
• Epidemic of diabetes in Saudi Arabia and Gulf
Countries.
• Associated with hypertension , heart disease,
increased mortality, osteoarthritis, gall bladder
disease.
• Increased complication of any surgery.
• Increased incidence of many cancers and tumors.
• Respiratory Problems.
• Obesity Kills 20,000 annually in Saudi Arabia.
80% of Diseases & Ailments due to:
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Wars and sectarian conflicts.
Pollution and environment.
Fast food and food industry.
Smoking of tobacco.
Indulgence in alcohol and drugs.
Sexually transmitted diseases.
Lack of exercise and sedentary.
Mental , emotional and physical stress.
Mental and social peace
• Prayers, almsgiving, zakat, reading Quran
etc…
• Prevention of usury.
• No social discrimination and no racial
barriers.
• social justice and equity.
• 86 wealthiest persons have more income
than 3500 millions poorest people.
Healthy marital life
• No fornication , adultery or sodomy.
• Avoiding sex during menstruation
• Avoiding extra genital sex and
engendering fidelity.
• No sexual transmitted diseases
The Concept of Family in Islam
• “ And Allah has given you mates of your
own kind and has given you, through your
mates children and grand children, it has
provided for you sustenance out of the
good things of life.” Sura 16: 72
Islam and Early marriage
• Marriage is my sunnah (path). That who
avoids my path is not from me ( people)”
(Al Bukhari & Muslim)
• Marry the kind & fertile, I will be proud of
your numbers in the hereafter” (Abu
Daood & Nasaiy)
• No celibacy in Islam
Sex outside wedlock
• Premarital & extra Marital sex is not allowed.
• Sodomy and Lesbianism and perverted sex.
• Pornography & prostitution is banned. Those
who run the business are harshly punished
• The victims are exonerated “Do not force your
girls (Slaves) into Prostitution in order to get
wordly gain. Allah is most merciful & forgiving”.
Sura 24:33.
Plurality of the Family
• The document of Int. Conference on
population (ICPD), Cairo, 1994 supported
the concept of plurality of family including
sodomites, lesbians, and single parents.
• This will end in the complete disintegration
of family & society.
• It is considered a crime to attack
homosexuality by western and
international law.
STDS : INCIDENCE 2008
• HIV/AIDS
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35 million living
35 million-dead
Annual infection
2 million
Annual death
2 million
Gonorrhea
63 million (annual)
Non-Gono (Chlamydia) 89 million (annual)
Syphilis
12 million (annual)
Herpes genitals
45 million (In US alone)
HPV (genital warts)
20 million (In US alone) & 5.5 million
new cases annually
Ca cervix
500,000 (280,000 deaths annually
Trichomoniasis
170 million globally
PID
1 million (in US alone)
Cervical cancer
• Cervical cancer, in women, is the second most
common cancer worldwide, next only to breast
cancer. In India, cervical cancer is the most
common woman-related cancer, followed by
breast cancer.
• Every year cervical cancer is diagnosed in about
500,000 women globally and is responsible for
more than 280,000 deaths annually.
• Each year, about 12,000 women get cervical
cancer in the U.S.
Global summary of the AIDS epidemic
December 2008
Number of people living with HIV in 2008
Total 33.4 million [31.1 – 35.8 million] Adults
31.3
million [29.2 – 33.7 million] Women 15.7 million [14.2 –
17.2 million] Children under 15 years2.1 million [1.2 – 2.9
million]
Total 2.7 million [2.4 – 3.0 million]
Adults 2.3 million [2.0 – 2.5 million]
Children under 15 years
430 000 [240 000 – 610 000]
Total 2.0 million [1.7 – 2.4 million]
Adults 1.7 million [1.4 – 2.1 million]
Children under 15 years
280 000 [150 000 – 410 000]
Islamic Jurisprudence conference (OIC)
Resolutions and recommendations on HIV
and AIDS (1993/1995)
Since sodomy, fornication and prostitution
are the main source of HIV infection, the
Muslim governments should provide every
effort to implement the Islamic rules and
teachings regarding morality and fidelity,
and should guard against obscenity and
immorality in the media and communities.
Causes of this Scourge & Plague
1. Pornography widespread
2. Free sex glorified by media exposed as right
3. Prostitution became a recognized respected
profession
4. Sodomy & Perverted sex became a personal
preference
5. Premarital and extra marital sex accepted as
norm
6. Early sexual activity: sex by eight or its too late
Causes of this Scourge & Plague
7. 100 million street children
8. Rape as a sign of manhood and racial
discrimination
9. Huge business in sex industry almost by
trillions of dollars
10. Widespread use of alcohol & drugs of
recreation
11. Widespread travel
12. The widespread use of contraceptives
Behind all this
• Unrelenting search for pleasure –
Epicurism, Hedonism
• Secularism and diminishing role of
religions
• Some religions accepted the modern
attitude of free sex, condoned
fornication, adultery, sodomy & all types
of perverted sex
• Clergy involved in child abuse & porno
The Sex Committee British Council
of Churches
• Blessed premarital & extramarital sex.
• Called for permissive measures for
abortion and contraceptives for minors.
• It deplored the attitude of the Holy Bible
against sex. (Time magazine 1966).
Teaching about Adultery
“You have heard that it was said: Do not
commit adultery but now I tell you any one
who looks at a woman with lust is guilty of
committing adultery with her. So, if your
right eye causes you to Sin, take it out and
throw it away! It is much better for you to
lose a part of your body then to have your
whole body thrown in to Hell.” (Matthew
5:27-29)
Alcohol
Alcohol
O you who believe intoxicants and gambling,
dedication of stones, and divination by arrows
are an abomination of Satan’s handwork.
Eschew each abomination, that you may
prosper. By means of intoxicants and
gambling the Satan seeks to sow enmity and
hatred among you, and turn you away from
remembrance of God, and from Prayers. Will
you not then desist” (Sura 5:90-91)
Alcohol
Tareq Ibn Suwaid asked the Prophet about
wine mixed with the medicaments. The
Prophet said: “Never. It is a disease and not
a cure.: (Muslim(
Royal College of Physicians:
A Great & Growing Evil
Alcohol problems are more easily prevented than
treated. Alcohol related disease is not confined to
a relatively small number of individuals with “Skid
row” problems of social and physical
disintegration. Alcohol can cause illness at much
lower levels than previously thought.
Regular consumption of 6 gm of alcohol a day, is
associated with an increasing risk of sickness
from high blood pressure, strokes, liver disease,
infertility and diseases of the nervous system. In
women, half that amount puts them at increasing
risk of developing illnesses.
Royal College of Physicians:
Hospitalization due to alcohol consumption:
In Britain & USA: 20% of all acute male admissions
to medical wards are associated with alcohol.
• 1/3 of patients attending casualty department are
due to alcohol.
• Up to 40 % of patients in general hospital beds
are problem drinkers.
• 60 % of elderly people admitted to hospitals
because of confusion, repeated falls at home,
recurrent chest infections and heart failure have
alcohol problems. Elderly widowers are the most
vulnerable.
June 27, 2009
Vodka kills as many Russians as a war, says
report in The Lancet
• Half of all deaths among Russians in their
prime years is due to alcohol addiction. The
scale of the carnage was comparable to a
war.
• The Lancet, said that three quarters of
deaths among men and half of deaths among
women aged 15-54 were attributable to
alcohol abuse.
• The mortality rate in Russia in this age group
was five times higher for men and three
times higher for women than in Western
Europe.
3 March 2014
• Drinking yourself into anaesthetized state 'is
now socially acceptable': NHS boss says
intensive care swamped by alcohol cases
• Last year 1.2m patients went to A&E after
drinking too much alcohol
• Dr Bob Winter, head of NHS critical care,
warned off licenses too cheap
• Said 'front-loading', drinking before going
out, is dangerous trend
Royal College of Psychiatrists (1987)
• Most casualties (from alcohol) are generated
by the numerically much larger “lower risk”
consumers (mild to moderate drinkers) in the
community.
• Liver cirrhosis and even suicide rates are
directly connected to alcohol consumption.
25% of acute male admissions to medical
wards were due to alcohol misuse, and even
higher figure of acute surgical emergencies.
• There is 25 fold increase for admission to
psychiatrist hospital due to alcohol intake in
England and Wales in the last 25 years.
WHO Report on Crimes of Violence and
Alcohol
Statistics in 30 countries showed:
• 86 % of murder crimes were under the
effect of alcohol
• 50 % of rape
• 50 % of road traffic accidents
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
• The most important cause of congenital
malformation.
• Microcephaly (small brain)
• Micrograthia (small jaws)
• Micropthalmic (small eyes)
• Cardiac defects
• Growth and mental retardation
Alcohol and smoking
• There is synergism between alcohol and
tobacco.
• Alcohol acts as a co-carcinogen , while tobacco
is direct carcinogen substance.
• There is a sharp increase of cancer esophagus
,larynx and stomach in heavy smokers- heavy
drinkers.
• Many studies proved the strong synergism
between alcohol and tobacco in other
malignancies e.g. Mouth, pharynx and head and
neck malignancies.
Cardiovascular system and alcohol
• Hypertension : heart failure , strokes and kidney
failure.
• Arrhythmias and sudden death in binge drinking.
• Cardiomiopathy (due to direct toxic effects of
alcohol and vitamin B1 deficiency)
• Increase triglycerides.
• Increase of HDL cholesterol with red wine
consumption.
• The increase of HDL is higher with grapes juice,
garlic and grapefruit and lemon juice, anti-oxidants,
olive oil.
Deaths Due to Tobacco
Consumption
• 19001 to2000: 100 million deaths.
• 2001 to 2100: 1000 million.
• Half of the smokers living today (2005) i.e
1300 million will die due to diseases
caused by tobacco consumption ie 650
million. 90% of all deaths in developing
countries.
• Annual deaths at 2000: 5 million.
• Annual deaths at 2015 :10 million.
• Nuclear bombs at Hiroshima and
Nagasaki killed 125,000 persons
immediately and 125,000 over the years
because of cancers.
Deaths in Saudi Arabia ( annually)
• Tobacco
• Traffic accident
• Terrorist activities
25,000
10,000
20-60
Nicotine is Addictive
• The production and promotion of tobacco is
more dangerous than all drugs of addiction
combined. Nicotine is more addictive than
cannabis ( Hashish, marijuana) , phentyline,
amphetamines and Qat. It is as addictive as
heroin and cocaine.
• WHO report on smoking 1986, Royal college of
physicians report on addiction, 2000.
• Tobacco companies entice school children
to smoke.
• Children smoking cigarettes and sheesha
in Saudi Arabia.
• Playing with Sheesha starts with toddlers.
Mail Online 3 March 2014
• Passive smoking 'dramatically
increases' the risk of miscarriage,
stillbirth and ectopic pregnancy
• Women who have been exposed to
a lot of cigarette smoke are 19%
more likely to have a miscarriage
and 55% more likely to have a
stillbirth
• They are also 61% more likely to
have an ectopic pregnancy
• The study published online in Tobacco
Control found women who had never
smoked were less likely to miscarry, have
a stillborn child or an ectopic pregnancy
than either current or former smokers, the
data showed.
• Compared with non-smokers, women who
had smoked during their reproductive
years were 16 per cent more likely to
miscarry, 44 per cent more likely to have a
stillborn child, and 43 per cent more likely
to have an ectopic pregnancy.
Sheesha, Moassel and Gorak
• Sheesha: is tobacco in hubble-bubble
water pipe.
• Moassel: is tobacco + molasses
• Gorak: is tobacco + rotten fruits
• Alcohols including ethyl alcohol are
produced in the smoke.
Smokeless Tobacco & Cancer
• The increase of incidence compared to
smokers:
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Oral cancer 70%
Oropharynx 84%
Hypopharynx75%
Larynx 78%
Esophagus 50%
Smoking is HARAM
• More than 400 fatwa
• the 1st Fatwa by Sheikh Ibrahim Allakani
(Sheikh AL Azhar) in 1015 H/ 1605 AD.
• All the Ulema of Saudi Arabia since 300
years
• All contemporary ulema of Egypt
(ALazhar)
Induced (elective abortion)
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40 million annually without medical indication.
200,000 deaths.
Millions of women suffer
Used for social reasons and as fertility control.
Very high incidence in China ,Russia, Japan (the
pill not available)
• Latin America, Iberian Peninsula, Philippines:
catholic countries which prohibit contraception.
• Belarus:200 abortions for 100 live births. i.e. 2/3
of all pregnancies end in induced abortion
Breast feeding
‫الرضاعة‬
‫”والوالدات يرضعن أوالدهن حولين كاملين لمن أراد أن يتم‬
“‫الرضاعة‬
• The prophet Mohammed (PBUH) said:
those women who refrain from breast
feeding their babies will be hanged from
their breast in the day of judgment”
• “The mother should breast feed their
babies for 2 whole years if they wish to
complete their term.”
Breast feeding
• Breast feeding is decreasing in Muslim
countries.
• Bottle fed infants in third world receive diluted
contaminated feeds with massive doses of micro
organisms, resulting in diarrhea and
malnutrition. 10 million deaths due to G.E (many
due to bottle feeding) (lancet 1987 II:319-321)
• At least one million babies are saved annually
by breast feeding. (lancet 1994,34:1239-1241)
Breast feeding
• In a large study in Saudi Arabia: the illiterate
women breast feed for 14 months,
• with primary schooling :10 months
• With 2ry schooling: 8 months
• University: 5 months
• Working women: 3months
(Alsukait M: Saudi med 1988,9,(6): 596-601)
Aloe Vera
• “If a person complains of his eyes (even in
Ihram) he should bandage them with Aloe”
Muslim
• “Aloe purifies the face and makes it
sparkling” AlBokhari and Mulim
• Ghanam N at al: the antidiabitic activity of
Aloess Horm Res 1986 ,24, (4) :288-294
• Natow A: Aloe Vera: fiction or fact. Cutis
1986, 37:106-8
Aloe vera ‫الـــصبر‬
The synergistic relationship between the elements found in
the leaf of Aloe vera could be a useful adjunct for
maintaining the integrity of the antioxidant status.
Pharmazie. 2003 Dec;58(12):929-31
The growth stage plays a vital role in the composition and
antioxidant activity of Aloe vera.
J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Dec 17;51(26):7788-91
Aloe vera contains a compound(s) that neutralizes, binds
with FGF-2 receptor, or otherwise alters signaling
pathways for FGF-2.
By affecting both GJIC and proliferation of diabetic
fibroblasts, Aloe vera may improve wound healing in
diabetes mellitus.
J Altern Complement Med. 2003 Oct;9(5):711-8.
HENNA (LAWSONIA INERMIS)
• Salma the maid of the prophet PBUH said : “no
body complained of pain in his feet except that
the messenger of Allah will say paint them with
henna” Abudaood and Ibn Maja .
• Salma said : “ Whenever the messenger of
allah (pbuh) suffers from a wound or a
laceration, he will order me to apply henna on it
“ JAMI ALOSOOL”.
Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and
analgesic effects of henna
Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic effects of
Lawsonia inermis L. (henna) in rats.
The isolated compound was found to possess significant
anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activity.
The anti-inflammatory effect of lawsone (500 mg/kg) was
not significantly different from that of the reference drug
phenylbutazone (100 mg/kg).
It potentiated significantly the pentobarbitone-induced
sleeping time.
Pharmacology. 1995 Dec;51(6):356-63
Senna (Cassia acutifolia)
• “If anything is going to cure even from death, it is
the Senna” Musnad Ahmed, Ibn Maja ,Tirmithi
• “ Use the senna and the Sanoot (Dill, Anethum
gravelons) for in them there is cure for every
disease except death” Ibn Maja.
• Misra A, Sinha R.K: cassia in Islamic medicine
and its modern uses. Proceed 1st islamic med
confrence, Kuwait 1981, (1): 390-4
Senna & constipation
Chronic constipation in long stay elderly
patients: a comparison of lactulose and a sennafibre combination.
CONCLUSIONS: Both treatments were
effective and well tolerated for chronic
constipation in long stay elderly patients.
The senna-fibre combination was significantly
more effective than lactulose at a lower cost.
BMJ. 1993 Sep 25;307(6907):769-71
The truffles (mushroom)
• “The Truffles are type of mnna. Its water
(juice) is a cure for eye disease”AlBokhari,
Muslim,Tirmithi
• “The Truffles is a cure for eye” Musnad
Ahmed
• AlMarzooky M.A: Truffles in Eye Diseases.
Proceed of 1st Islamic Med. Conf Kuwait,
1981,(1):353-360
COSTOS ( INULA HELENUM )
• “ Hijama (blood letting by cupping) and marine
costs are of medications” Abu Nu’aim Albazar,
Ibn Alsunni
• “ Use the Indian costs, for it is a cure for seven
diseases, one of which is that of the side
(pleurisy, pneumonia) Musnad Ahmed.
• “Treatment of tonsillitis topically with costos”
Albokhari and Muslim.
Honey
• “And thy Lord taught the bee to build its cells in
hills, on tress and in habitations. Then to eat of
all (flowers), and find with skill the paths of its
lord; there issues from their bodies, a drink of
varying colors wherein is a healing for men”
Sura16. verse 68,69
• “Take the best remedy for you: the honey and
the Quran” Al- Bokhari and Muslim
• “cure is in three: blood letting by cupping, a drink
of honey and cautery, but I admonish my people
not to cauterize”. Al-Bokhari
Black seeds ( Nigella Sative)
• “In the black seed there is cure from every
disease except death” Albokhari and
Muslim.
Effect of Nigella sativa in patients with
allergic diseases
152 patients with allergic diseases (allergic
rhinitis, bronchial asthma, atopic eczema)
were treated with Nigella sativa oil, given in
capsules at a dose of 40 to 80 mg/kg/day.
Black seed oil therefore proved to be an
effective adjuvant for the treatment of
allergic diseases
Phytother Res. 2003 Dec;17(10):1209-14.
Thank you