Transcript Where is Greece?

Where is Greece?
• Sunny Greece is
1,500 miles from
England.
• It’s capital city is
Athens
• It is famous for its
beautiful beaches and
sea!
Where is greece?
Ancient Greece
• In Ancient Greece,
the different cities
were at war with each
other.
• The most fearsome
fighters came from
the town of Sparta.
The Climate
• The climate is
Mediterranean.
• The Mediterranean Sea
affects the Greek climate,
cooling the air in summer
and providing warmth in
winter.
• The warm summers are
cooled by a seasonal
breezes from the
Mediterranean called the
‘Meltemia’.
The Climate - Summer
• The Greek summer is hot
and dry.
• On average the sun
shines for 3,000 hours
per year.
• The average temperature
is 33°.
• In Britain it is 15°.
• The average rainfall is
6mm.
• In Britain it is 76mm.
The Climate - winter
• The Greek winter is
moderate. It can be rainy
on costal regions and
snowy in the mountains.
• The average temperature
is 15°.
• In Britain it is 4°,
sometimes falling to -10°.
• The average rainfall is
65mm.
• In Britain it is over
100mm.
Ancient greece - terrain
• Greece has a very
scenic landscape.
• The terrain of Greece
is very varied.
• There are mountains,
valleys and coasts.
• The high mountains
are separated by
deep valleys through
which rivers flow.
soil and plants
• Vegetation is dependent
on geographical regions.
• Due to the variety of land,
there a some 6,000
indigenous species in
Greece.
• In Ancient Greece,
farmers grew olives, figs,
grain, fruit and grapes in
the fertile valleys.
Soil and plants
• However, other parts of Ancient
Greece had drier soil and less
vegetation, particularly around
the cities.
• Although surrounded by sea
water, they found it difficult to
find fresh water away from the
valleys.
• The high mountains also
prevented large-scale farming,
so the Greeks were forced to
look beyond their own country
for fertile land.
volcanic
• Another important aspect of
the Greek environment is that
it is very unstable.
• Greece is in the middle of a
very volcanic zone, between
the European and African
tectonic plates.
• There are several active
volcanoes and earthquakes
are common.
Ancient greece - terrain
• No part of Greece is
more than about forty
miles from the coast
(a couple of days
walking).
• There are lots of
islands surrounding
Greece.
• However, millions of
years ago the seabed
was completely dry!
Ancient Greece
governments
• The mountainous
terrain of Greece led to
the creation of
independent city-states
during its early
development.
• A city-state included a
central city, called a polis,
and surrounding villages.
• Each ancient Greek citystate had its own laws
and form of government.
Ancient Greece
governments
• Some ancient Greek city-states were
oligarchies. (An oligarchy is a system in
which a few wealthy individuals rule.) Others
were ruled by tyrants.
• Other ancient Greek cities developed early
forms of democracy. Democracy originated in
Greece.
• The city-states were untied by a common
language, shared religious beliefs, and a similar
way of life.
Ancient Greece Learning
and the arts
• Literature-Ancient
Greeks believed in
gods and goddesses,
and to honor them
they created myths
and wrote poems and
plays.
• Zeus-King of Gods
• Athena-Goddess who
presided over the
security and defense
of towns and cities
Ancient Greece Learning
and the arts
• Philosophy-Socrates was an
important philosopher of the
fifth century B.C. He studied
and taught about friendship,
knowledge, and justice. Plato
was a student of Socrates and
studied and taught about
human behavior, government,
mathematics, and astronomy.
Aristotle was a student of
Plato. He taught and wrote
about poetry, government, and
astronomy.
Fun Facts!
• No one in Greece can
choose to not vote. Voting
is required by law for
every citizen who is 18 or
older.
• The world’s third leading
producer of olives, the
Greeks have cultivated
olive trees since ancient
times. Some olive trees
planted in the thirteenth
century are still producing
olives.
Fun facts!
• Greece has zero
navigable rivers because
of the mountainous
terrain. Nearly 80% of
Greece is mountainous.
• Greece has more than
2,000 islands, of which
approximately 170 are
populated. Greece’s
largest island is Crete.
Fun facts!
• Greece is the leading
producer of sea sponges.
• Many Greek structures
such as doors,
windowsills, furniture, and
church domes are
painted a turquoise blue,
especially in the Cyclades
Islands. It is used
because of an ancient
belief that this shade of
blue keeps evil away.
Time Line
776 BC
about 750 BC
The first Olympic games.
Early Greek culture. Homer '.
writes the epics 'The Iliad' and the
'Odyssey
650 - 580 BC
508 BC
Corinth is ruled by the tyrant Kypselos
and then his son Periander.
Democracy begins in Athens- Greece
was the first country to have a form of
democracy.
490 and 480 BC
Greeks defeat Persian invaders at the
battles of Marathon (490 BC)and
Salamis (480 BC).
by 450 BC
Athens becomes a very powerful city,
and controls an empire.
472 - 410 BC
Greeks theatre thrives in Athens. Many
of the most famous Greek plays are
written during this time.
Time line
•
462 - 429 BC
Perikles is the popular leader at Athens as the
general of the Athenian army
432 BC
The Parthenon in Athens is finished being
built.
431 - 404 BC
War between Athens and Sparta (the
Peloponnesian war)
428 BC
The revolt of Mytilene
404 BC
Sparta defeats Athens.
338 BC
Philip, king of Macedonia, takes control of Greece
336 - 323 BC
Alexander the Great, son of Philip, conquers most
of the known world as far east as India.
146 BC
Rome conquers Greece - Greece becomes part
of the Roman empire.