Transcript The Urinary System

The Urinary System
As
your body performs the
chemical activities that keeps
you alive, wastes material
such as carbon dioxide and
nitrogen are produced.
Your body has to get rid of
these toxin in order to stay
healthy.
How
does your body
get rid of these wastes?
Which body systems
are involved in
excreting these wastes?
Excretion-
is the process
of removing wastes and
excess products from the
body.
Three
of your body systems are
involved in excretion: your skin,
your lungs and urinary system.
Urinary
system- A group
of organs that remove
waste from the blood
 This system includes the
kidneys, ureters, urethra
and the urinary bladder.
 Uniary
bladder - a hollow organ that
stores urine until it is excreted.

ureter - two tubes, each of which
carries urine from a kidney to the
bladder.
 urethra
- the tube that carries urine
from the bladder out of the body.
Kidney

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

two bean-shaped organs that take waste
from the blood and produce urine.
Filters about 2,000L of blood a day.
contain microscopic filters that clean the
blood. (CLEAN BLOOD)
A concentrated mixture of waste materials are
collected in the kidneys for excretion.


After blood is cleaned by the kidneys it is sent
through a vein back to the rest of the body.
After blood extis the kidneys it
Has less water
 Cleansed of wastes

Urine-
a concentrated
mixture of waste
materials that forms
in the nephrons of the
kidneys.
Urinating

Expelling wastes from the urinary bladder
Urea

This is a harmful substance that is formed when
cells use protein for energy.
 Nephronsa
microscopic filter in the kidney that
removes a variety of harmful
substances from the blood.
 Blood vessel pass through each one of
these in the kidneys
Hormones

Your body fluids are regulated by hormones.
Antidiuretic
(ADH)- Signals
to your body that there is a
water shortage. The kidneys are
instructed to take back water
from the nephrons and return it
to the bloodstream creating less
urine.
When
Continued …..
you are hydrated,
smaller amounts of ADH
are released. The kidneys
react by allowing more water
to stay in the nephrons and
leave the body as urine.
Disorders of the urinary system
 Bacterial
infection- when bacteria
gets into the bladder it causes an
bladder infection. This causes a
condition that is very painful and
causes you to urinate a lot and it is
painful to excrete urine. You can also
have a urinary tract infection. If left
untreated this infection could cause
damage to the kidneys.
Kidney stones
 Kidney
stones- which are small, crystallized
substances, such as calcium, that form in
the kidney or other parts of the urinary
tract.
 Smaller kidney stones can pass out of the
body on their own, although this can be
painful.
 Larger stones may require surgery, or they
may be broken into smaller pieces with
sound waves in a procedure called
ultrasonic lithotripsy.
Diabetes-a disease caused by a malfunctioning
pancreas that produces little or no insulin) can
result in impaired blood flow through the
kidneys.
 Bacteria that cause tuberculosis can travel from
the lungs and infect the kidneys.
 Drug use, including long-term use of some
prescription medications as well as illegal drugs,
can also cause kidney damage.
 Certain birth defects may cause the kidneys to
have abnormal shapes or to function
improperly.

 Treatment
of severe kidney disease
may include kidney dialysis, a
procedure in which blood is
circulated through a machine that
removes wastes and excess fluid
from the bloodstream. Some may
have to go their entire life to get
dialysis treatment or wait for a
kidney transplant.
More
than 38,000 people in
the United States alone wait
for a kidney transplant each
year, and fewer than 12,000
of them receive this lifesustaining organ.

In a kidney transplant, the donated kidney may come from a close living relative of
the patient or from a person who has recently died. The donor kidney is removed
by clamping and cutting the renal vein and artery (1). The diseased kidneys in the
patient may be left in place, or one or both may be removed if they cause persistent
infection or high blood pressure (2). The donor kidney is placed in the pelvis region
of the recipient and the organ's renal vein and artery are attached (3). Both the
donor and the recipient can survive in good health with only one functioning kidney
to filter and regulate the composition of blood.
Let’s label your chart
And
learn how the kidneys
filter blood.