Transcript Immunology Quizzes.

40 Qs on the lectures
5 Qs from the Quizzes
5 Qs from the practical
Done by ‫ & مجهــــــــــــــــــــول‬Prof. A
Thanks to Nour AlMozain
Immunology Quiz no.1.
1.A25-years old man presented with nasal symptoms in the
form of
nasal itching , sneezing , runny nose
and sometimes itching in the eyes. He was using
anti-histamine medications regularly for
the
last
2-months to control his symptoms.
.
1.What is the possible
underlying immunologic
Problem ?
1\ type 1 hypersensitivity
2.What is the most relevant test that
diagnose this case ?
can help to
2\ skin prick test, measurement of IgE .
3.How can you explain the symptoms with underlying
immunopathology ?
3/ Allergin deposits on the nasopharynx and
bronchial mucosa which leads to B cell
sensitization and subsequent transformation into
plasma cells releasing 1ry and 2ndary mediators
which causes recruitment of inflammatory cells
releasing other mediators such as Histamine (
which causes vasodilatation so runny nose and
congestion ) ANF kinine ( which causes itching )
IN OTHER WORDS,
upon exposure of th atopic person to specific antigen leads to
sensitization of B cells to become plasma cells producing IgE which
binds to high affinity receptors on mast cells & basophils causing
sensitization. Then subsequent exposure leads to degranulation &
release of allergic sub. Such as histamine.
Immunology Quiz no.2.(immunodeficiency ).
A 9-month old boy presented with history of recurrent
episodes of serious bacterial infections.
These included bacterial pneumonia, otitis media ,
Sinusitis & septicemia. Repeated bacteriological
cultures revealed Streptococcus pneumonae, H.
influenzae & Staphylococci.
1.List the relevant immunologic investigation in this
case .
1/ X-linked Agammaglubinemia and Transient
hypogammaglubinemia.
2.What immunologic processes are likely to be
involved .
2/ Ab production and B-cell deficiency.
3. What
is
the
probable
diagnosis
?
3/ X-linked Agammaglubinemia
4.What are the appropriate lines of
management ?
4/ IgG Intravenously injected.
.5.Why was the child normal up to 9-month
of age and then started to develop infections?
5/ because maternal antibodies survive in the baby’s circulation until
approximately 6 to 8 months of birth & then they fade.
6.Can this disease affect female children ?
6/ NO, they can be only carriers because the disease X-linked.
Immunology Quiz no.3.(infectious diseases ).
A 5-years old child , who did not receive
the recommended immunizations had a
cut wound in the foot
which became
contaminated with
soil.
1. What will you advice for treatment ?
• 1/ Anti-Tettinus shot then passive vaccination of already-made Ab that are
chosen on the basis of the infection.
• Later, we give the patient the active vaccines.
2. What are the different types of vaccines
available ?
2/ Live (attenuated) organisms
Inactivated organisms( killed)
Purified microbial macromolecules
Clonal microbial antigens
Toxoid ( inactivated toxins )
3. What is the recommended vaccination
3/ schedule for children in Saudi Arabia ?
See next page.
•VACCINE
TABle
– it is already found in
the females booklet.
• Vaccine TABLE – it is already found in the
females booklet.
Immunology Quiz no.4.( autoimmunity).
1.What is the association between infection, autoimmunity
and hypersensitivity ?
1/ Microbes ( in hypersensitivity ) predispose to Auto-immunity because these
microbes may mimic the Host antigen leading to Ab production against
them.
( molecular mimicry )
Also, the pathology of autoimmunity is mediated by type 2,3,4 hypersensitivity
reactions.
2.Mention 2 infections which may lead to development
of autoimmunity and the underlying hypersensitivity
causing the pathological tissue damage ?
2/ Streptococcus infection causing Raumatoid Fever.
Post Rabies encephalitis.
CoxsackieVirus leading to Type 1 Diabetes Millitus.
3.Mention 2 autoimmune diseases in which tissue damage
is caused by more than one hypersensitivity reaction ?
3/ Raumatic Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
4. What is the explanation for the fact that certain
autoimmune diseases get better during pregnancy,
while others get worse ?
4/ During pregnancy, the female immune response
undergoes modification by increasing H2 & decreasing
H1 which creates anti-inflammatory environment so
diseases with antibody mediated component such SLE
which enhanced by H2 like response are exacerbated
during preg. While diseases involving inflammatory
responses such as RA or MS sometimes ameliorated in
preg.
Immunology Quiz no.5.( transplantation ).
1.What does HLA stand for ?
1/ HLA = human leuckocyte antigen .
2.M.A. is a 40 years old man who require a kidney graft
due to end-stage renal disease. His HLA genotype was
as follows: HLA-A3/A6.B27/B44,CI/C8,DR1/DR4.
He brought 5 donors .and tissue typing was
performed. Which one of them is the best choice ?
Donor no.1 HLA type: HLA-A3/A8, B7/B28, C4/C8, DRI/DR4.
Donor no.2 HLA “
: HLA-A6/A6, B27/B24, C12/C1, DR1/7.
Donor no.3.HLA “ “ : HLA-A27/A44, B1/B8, C3/C6, DR3/DR14.
Donor no.4 HLA “ ‘ : HLA-A3/A6, B24/B7,C2/C9, DR4/DR7.
Donor no.5 HLA “ “ : HLA-A3/A3, B27/B44, C1/C8, DR4/DR4.
2\ choice # 5 , only 2 alleles r different.
Also, there is no big difference between 5 and the host in MHC11
( they both have DR4 )
3. What type of cells are used to detect HLA antigens ?
3/ T-cell , B-cell (notice that PCR used for ant type of cells )
4.A 5-months old boy who was diagnosed with severe
combined immunodeficiency (SCID ) received a bone
marrow transplantation from an HLA-matched donor.
He was doing well until 2 weeks after transplantation
when he
developed a skin rash. Subsequently he developed diarrhea,
an enlarged liver & spleen and
jaundice.
What immunological process might be involved
in his problem ?
4/ GVHR (Graft Versus Host Reaction )
5.Which one is more important for graft survival MHC-class1 or MHCclass11 matching ?
5/ MHC11 is more important.
In fact, The more compatibility between MHC11 of host and donor, the
more is the rate of graft survival rate.
Practicals:
Immunodiffusion
CH50
ELISA
FLOW CYTOMETRY
SKIN PRICK TEST
PATCH TEST