Transcript SLEEP APNEA
SLEEP APNEA By Connor Gibbons What is Sleep Apnea? • • • • • The stopping or halt of breathing during sleep Sleep depravation and oxygen depravation Testing is called a polysomnography http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2H-deTALsY There are three types: ▫ Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) ▫ Central Sleep Apnea (CSA) ▫ Mixed Sleep Apnea (MSA) Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Muscles that hold the airways open during the day relax and collapse on each other • Due to the airway becoming smaller, the relaxed muscles create snoring • Most common type of sleep apnea • Healed by CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) Central Sleep Apnea • Brain forgets to tell the lungs to breathe • Breathing stops, airway open • Gasp for air to restart the breathing process • More likely in males • Congestive heart disorder or arterial fibrillation • Smoking • Also healed with CPAP • Five types ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ High altitude periodic breathing Idiopathic central sleep apnea Shea and Stokes respiration Medical condition induced apnea Drug or substance induced apnea Mixed Sleep Apnea • Combination of the other two types • Again, healed with CPAP • The brain alerts the body to wake up when noticing low oxygen, either from the airway being open or closed and ceasing to breathe Causes of sleep apnea • Overweight, fat tissue makes the wall of the windpipe thicker • Tongue or tonsils are large compared to your windpipe • Body structure, size of your head/neck may shrink your windpipe • As we age our brain’s ability to stiffen the muscles in our neck decreases Treatments of sleep apnea • • • • CPAP EPAP Assorted pills/medications TransOral Robotic Surgery ▫ Creating a large opening in the throat, meant more for OSA CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) • Splits the airways to prevent them from narrowing or closing • Comes with a humidifier to prevent dryness • Given to patients after testing positive during a polysomnography EPAP (Expiratory Positive Airway Pressure) • New treatment released by the FDA • Single –use, put one over each nostril before you go to sleep • Allows air freely into the nose but when it leaves it needs to pass through small holes • Creates pressure, keep airway open Bibliography • • • • • • • • • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4H3l0PeJJKM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=inmop4Kv8PI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WA1cQ4iNwkQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XTs5v5ZABRw http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sleepapnea/causes.html http://www.sleep-apnea-guide.com/images/sleep-apnea-11.jpg http://middlesexhospital.org/our-services/hospital-services/da-vinci-robot-assisted-surgery/da-vinci-robot-assisted-sleepapnea-surgery/da-vinci-robot-assisted-sleep-apnea-surgery?_vsrefdom=daVinciSleepApneaGoogle&gclid=CJmX7b79rMCFQ-e4AodDX0A2Q http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/sleep-apnea/DS00148/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugs PICTURES ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ http://www.google.com/imgres?q=old+people&num=10&um=1&hl=en&safe=off&tbo=d&biw=1280&bih=929&tbm=isch&tbnid= T_R4BcWY4TsSUM:&imgrefurl=http://www.madatoms.com/site/blog/old-people-arestoned&docid=whUJpdBZK6cxTM&imgurl=http://www.madatoms.com/uploads/content/images/backgrounds/large/article_Old PeopleStoned.jpg&w=1053&h=588&ei=asi4UMDcFoup0AGi_4DIBw&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=308&sig=113058211103419897758&s qi=2&page=1&tbnh=132&tbnw=224&start=0&ndsp=36&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:0,i:158&tx=155&ty=40 http://fitbie.msn.com/sites/default/files/fat-laws-art_0.jpg http://www.via-christi.org/images/VCHCwhatisOSA.jpg http://www.diattorney.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/sleep-apnea-disability-benefits-claim.jpg http://www.nationwidemedical.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/patient_cpap_frustrated.png http://montgomery-al-dentist.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/snoring.jpg http://www.cartoonstock.com/lowres/aba0672l.jpg http://www.drrespiratory.net/images/sleep-apnea-cartoon.jpg http://www.mysleepapneatest.com/files/the_nose_diagram.jpg http://www.proventtherapy.com/images/hcp/provent-therapy-mechanism-of-action.jpg http://www.sleepdt.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/ScreenShot304.png