Transcript Topicals
Chapter 12 Skin Medications Skin Medications • Skin is largest organ of the body • Many conditions affect skin • Skin conditions can range from mild to severe Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 2 Topical Skin Preparations • Antipruritics – Relieve itching • Emollients and demulcents – Soothe irritation Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 3 Topical Skin Preparations • Keratolytic agents – Loosen epithelial scales • Scabicides and pediculicides – Treat scabies or lice Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 4 Topical • Antifungals – Control fungal conditions • Local anti-infectives – Prevent and treat infections • Agents to treat acne Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 5 Absorption Rate Factors • • • • Conditions of skin Location of skin Heat Moisture Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 6 Antipruritics • Short term – Treats dermatitis (rashes) related to allergic reactions, poison ivy, hives, and insect bites • • • • Type of antipruritics Side effects Patient education Contraindications Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 7 Corticosteroids • • • • Used topically and systemically Uses Side effects Contraindications Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 8 Emollients and Demulcents • Used topically • Treats dermatological conditions – Diaper rash – Abrasions – Minor burns Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 9 Keratolytics • • • • • Controls abnormal scaling of the skin Examples of conditions Side effects Contraindications Patient education Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 10 Scabicides and Pediculicides • Conditions and uses – Scabies – Pediculosis • Side effects • Contraindications • Patient education Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 11 Antifungals • • • • • Conditions and uses Need for good hygiene practices Side effects Contraindications Patient education Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 12 Antivirals • Conditions and uses • Apply immediately upon onset of signs and symptoms • They are no effective ways to prevent infections Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 13 Local Anti-Infectives • • • • Antiseptics Burn medications Antibacterial agents Acne meds Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 14 Antiseptics • Inhibit growth of bacteria – Bacteriostatic • Disinfectants are included in this category, but not bactericidal substances • Chlorhexidine • Povidone-iodine Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 15 Antiseptics • Side effects and contraindications of chlorhexidine • Side effects and contraindications of povidone-iodine • Patient education Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 16 Burn Medications • Topical to prevent or treat infections • Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) • Nitrofurazone (Furacin) – If allergy to sulfa • Side effects • Contraindications • Patient education Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 17 Antibacterial Agents • Numerous agents prescribed and OTC • Ointments, creams, and solutions • Side effects • Patient education Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 18 Agents to Treat Acne • Common condition in teenagers and even into adulthood • Type 1 to Type 4 based on severity • Treatment options Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 19 Acne • Side effects and contraindications of benzoyl peroxide • Side effects & contraindications to Accutane • Patient education Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 20 Cautions for Topical Meds • • • • Never take by mouth Keep out of reach of children Read all labels carefully Discontinue if there are side effects and seek medical advice Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 21 Cautions for Topical Meds • Don’t take beyond recommended dose • Use caution when allergies are present Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 22