Transcript Midterm Review Soc 004 - fcstmsu342-2

Midterm Review
Family Sociology
Midterm Exam
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Jot down your answers every 5-10
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Midterm Exam
 40ish
multiple choice questions
(2/3 points each)
 7 questions on 3-4 charts (also
multiple choice) (2 points each)
 Print out Midterm charts to use
during midterm
Midterm Review
 1.
A ________ is a major sphere
of social life with a set of beliefs
and rules that is organized to
meet human needs.
 A. social institution
 B. social norm
 C. social rule
 D. social organization
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 2.
Give an example of a macro
level analysis:
 1. Examining large scale changes
such as the increase in married
women’s employment rate in
U.S.
 2.Comparing divorce rates in two
countries
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3. Briefly define and distinguish
between the terms sex and gender
 Sex refers to the biological
characteristics such as reproductive
organs, sex chromosomes, hormones,
that distinguish males and females
 Gender refers to the cultural or social
characteristics that distinguish men
and women
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How has sexuality changed
over time?
 A. sex has become decoupled
from marriage.
 B. the sex specialization
marriage model has become
more common.
 C. The government has enacted
more laws regulating sexuality
 D. None of the above
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5. According to the article by Hymowitz, “The
New Girl Order,” the “Sex and the City” lifestyle,
is going global.
What three demographic changes are at the core of this
lifestyle shift?
First, women—especially, but not only, in the
developed world—are getting married and having
kids considerably later than ever before.
Second, young people, particularly women, are
enrolling in colleges and universities at
unprecedented rates. Between 1960 and 2000,
the percentages of 20-, 25-, enrolled in school
urbanization. more than doubled in the U.S.
Third, urbanization -- women more likely to live
on their own in cities after finishing school and
before getting married.
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6. Briefly describe the main ideas of the gender
perspectives
Operates at both macro and micro level
Central concept is gender—the social and cultural
characteristics that distinguish women and men in
society.
Oriented toward power in relationships.
Feminist theory argues that differences between men
and women are socially constructed to maintain
power of men over women.
Emphasizes culture, rather than biology.
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7. According to sociologists, race is
defined as ___________
while ethnicity refers
to_________________
 Race: groups with a common set of
physical features that distinguishes
them from other groups
 Ethnicity: A population that shares a
cultural heritage or common ancestry
 Ethnic groups have a sense of
brotherhood or sisterhood maintained
within the larger culture
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8. Why do demographers argue that
the 1950s were an anomalous
(atypical) period in terms of family
demographics?
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Percentage never married was lower
than rates before and after 1950s
Higher fertility rates during 1950s
Higher marriage rates
Lower divorce rates
Probably due to post WW II economic
boom
Annual Divorce Rate, 1860 - 2002
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9. Briefly distinguish between the
macro and micro levels of analysis in
sociological inquiry
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Analysis at the macro level focuses on
large-scale institutions, structures,
and processes; comparisons between
entire societies
Analysis at the micro level examines
interaction between individuals and
small groups like families
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10. In contrast to structural functionalist
theory, which views society as a system of
interacting parts that act in harmony,
conflict theory
A. views society as a set of social institutions with
specific functions
B. focuses on power differences between the haves
and have nots
C. focuses on gender differences
D. None of the above
Answer: B
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11. The new discourse on gay families
emerges from the same cultural trends
that have led to the weakening of
marriage as a social institution including
A. The increased focus on adolescence as a
separate stage of life.
B. The rise of individualism (focus on me).
C. The separation of sex from marriage
D. B & C
Answer D: Both B & C
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 12.
Why do gay couples seek to get
married?
A. Married couples are more likely to have children than
gay couples
B. Benefits are automatically given to married couples
such as inheritance and health insurance for spouses
C. Married couples more likely to own a house together
D. All of the above.
Answer is B
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13. Which of the following statements about how
families have changed over time is FALSE?
A. While the power of marriage over people's lives
has weakened, 90 percent of whites and 75 percent
of African Americans will eventually marry.
B. Images of the happy, nuclear family of the 1950s
are largely myths.
C. Families today are similar to those in the past in
which three generations lived together for long
periods of time.
D. Families are adapting to demographic and social
changes, but remain a strong influence over the lives
of adults and children.
Answer C
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14. According to the lecture on Demographic
Trends, which of the following statements
about is TRUE?
A. Cohabitation is on the rise in the United
States.
B. Men live longer than women
C. Divorce rates have been increasing over the
past ten years
D. More than 45% of adults over age 25 have
a college degree in the U.S.
Answer A
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15. What are the approximate percentages of
Non Hispanic Whites, Non Hispanic
Blacks, Asians, Native Americans, and
Hispanics living in the US?
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African-American: 12.1 %
White:
75.0 %
Asian-American:
4.3 %
Native American:
.9 %
Hispanic/Latino:
14.5 %
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16. What are two reasons that sociologists
argue that race is socially constructed?
 While racial characteristics are biological in
origin, the interpretation of those
characteristics may vary
 Choice of racial characteristics that are
emphasized is subjective
 Racial definitions varies over time –from on
historic period to another
 Racial definitions vary across space - from
one society to the next
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17. What racial-ethnic group has the highest
percentage of children living in two-parent,
intact families and why?
 Asian Americans
 Because they are more likely to be newer
immigrants who are coming from a more
traditional culture, country
 Divorce is less acceptable and more
recently legalized compared to the U.S.
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18. You are a researcher interested in
studying the national fertility rate (the
number of births per 1,000 women per
year) and will use data from the National
Center of Health Statistics (NCHS)
Which research method would you be
using?
A. positive correlation
B. demographic methods
C. qualitative interviews
D. focus groups
Answer B
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 19.
What is the average age at
marriage for women and for men
today?
 Women: 25
 Men: 27
 Make sure to note the chart
Median Age at First Marriage by Sex:
1890 to Present
27.1
28
26
25.3
24
Age
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
1890 1910 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 1995 2000 2003
Year
Men
Women
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20. What is the trend in the following rates,
since 1980?
 Teen pregnancy rate:
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Divorce rate:
leveled off
Women’s labor force participation rate:
Fertility rate:
 No change (2 children per woman)
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21. According to the article by Hymowitz about
“The New Girl Order? Which of the following
changes have been spreading from the U.S. to
Europe? Hint: Thing Sex and the City
 A. More women are becoming educated and
focusing on careers before marrying
 B. More women are remaining single longer and
living in urban areas.
 C. The increasing privacy surrounding marriage
and sex.
 D. A & B
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Answer Both A & B
Using the Previous chart
22.From 1995 to 2010, which family type
is expected to see the largest decrease?
 A. Single mothers with children.
 B. Single fathers without children.
 C. Two-parent households with
children.
 D. married couple households with no
children.
 Answer C
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23. According to the reading in the Risman text: The
Picture Perfect American Family: These Days it
Doesn't Exist, by Andrew Cherlin, which of the
following is TRUE?
A. contemporary marriage has become more
focused on the emotional rewards of family life,
compared to bringing home a paycheck or raising
children.
B. the two-parent, breadwinner-homemaker
marriage reaches its peak in the 1950s.
C. families are more diverse than in the past
evidenced by the diversity in the political
candidates in the 2010 presidential election.
D. All of the above.
 Answer D
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24. The U.S. Bureau of the Census has collectied
data for the 2010 Census. What is the difference
between a Census of the U.S. and national
survey of the U.S. like the National Survey of
Families and Households (NSFH)?
A. A Census is not representative of the entire U.S.
population, while a national survey is.
B. A national survey is not representative of the
entire U.S. population, while a Census is.
C. A survey is based on a sample drawn from the
U.S. national population, while a Census attempts
to collect data from every American.
D. None of the above.
Answer C
Figure 2
Mothers in the Labor Force, 1955–2004
Percentage of mothers with children
Year
Under 18
6 to 17
Under 6
years
years
years1
1955
27.00%
38.40%
18.20%
1965
35
45.7
25.3
1975
47.4
54.9
39
1985
62.1
69.9
53.5
1990
66.7
74.7
58.2
1995
69.7
76.4
62.3
2000
72.9
79
65.3
2004
70.7
77.5
62.2
1. May also have older children.
Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Web: data.bls.gov .
Chart on Mothers Labor Force
Participation
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Using Figure 2, the table "Mothers in the Labor Force,
1955-2004," from 1955 to 2004, which group of mothers
saw the greatest increase in their rate of labor force
participation?
A. Single, never married mothers.
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B. Mothers with children under age 18.
C. Divorced, separated, or widowed mothers.
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D. Mothers with children under age 6.
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Midterm Review
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26. According to Figure 3, the chart "Unmarried Partner
Households by Sex of Partner and Race and Hispanic Origin
of Partners, 2000," and assignment #2, which of the
following statements best summarizes the chart?
Answer A. The percentage of same-sex, unmarried
partners is rising steadily.
B. African Americans and Native Americans, have the
highest rates of opposite-sex unmarried partnerships.
C. Asian Americans are increasingly likely to live in
cohabiting partnerships, both same sex and opposite sex.
D. None of the above
Figure 3
Source: Bumpass & Sweet, 1989.
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