Transcript powerpoint - Taft College

Inequalities of Race and
Ethnicity
Chapter 9
Chapter Overview
I. Introduction
II. Theories of Prejudice
III. Global Patterns of Intergroup
Relationships
IV. Race and Ethnic Relations in the
United States
V. Looking Toward the Future
VI. Review
I. Introduction
A. Introductory “Quiz”
1. Race and ethnicity are
one and the same.
False
2. There is no such thing as
a “pure race.”
True
3. Tiger Woods is a great
Native American golfer.
True
4. Studies show that highly
prejudiced people are
insecure, conformist,
submissive to superiors, and
have deep respect for
authority.
True
5. Prejudice is always
dysfunctional.
False
6. Labels commonly lead
to prejudice.
True
7. The Hottentots of South
Africa are now extinct due
to genocide.
True
8. Apartment managers
can tell if a person is Black
or White over the phone
and are less likely to rent an
apartment to a person who
sounds like an African
American.
True
9. Asian Americans are
naturally better at math
than people of European
descent.
False
10. Custer’ last stand was
all a terrible
misunderstanding.
True
B. Background and Vocabulary
1. Race Myths
a. “Superior Race”
b. “Pure Race”
2. Ethnic Groups
3. Minority & Dominant Groups
4. How People Construct Their
Racial-Ethnic Identity
A Sense of Ethnicity
Ethnic Work
5. Prejudice
6. Theories of Prejudice
a. Psychological
•
•
Frustration & Scapegoats
Authoritarian Personality
b. Sociological
•
•
•
Functionalism
Conflict
Symbolic Interactionism
7. Discrimination
a.
b.
Personal Discrimination
Institutional Discrimination
8. Racism
9. AND NOW ANOTHER QUIZ!!!!
1. Because sports are
competitive and fans,
coaches, and players want
to win, the color of the
players has not been a
factor, only their
performance.
False
Discrimination has been
pervasive throughout the history
of sports in the United States.
For example, African American
athletes, regardless of their
abilities, were excluded from
white teams for many years.
2. In the late 1800s and
early 1900s, boxing
provided social mobility for
some Irish, Jewish, and
Italian immigrants.
True.
Irish Americans were the first to
excel in boxing, followed by
Jewish Americans and then
Italian Americans. Boxing,
like other sports, was a source of
social mobility for some
immigrants.
3. African Americans who
competed in boxing
matches in the late 1800s
often had to agree to lose
before they could obtain
a match.
True.
Promoters, who often set up
boxing matches that pitted
fighters by race, assumed that
White fans were more likely to
buy tickets if the White fighters
frequently won.
4. Racially linked genetic
traits explain many of the
differences among
athletes.
False
Although some scholars and
journalists have used biological or
genetic factors to explain the
achievements of athletes,
sociologists view these explanations
as being based on the inherently
racist assumption that people have
“natural” abilities (or disabilities)
because of their race or ethnicity.
5. All races have used
sports to climb the social
ladder.
False. Some racial and ethnic
groups—including Chinese
Americans and Japanese
Americans—have not viewed sports
as a means of social mobility.
6. In professional football
(the NFL), the positions of
quarterback and kicker
have been held almost
exclusively by White players.
True.
In the 1990s, Whites accounted for about
90% of the quarterbacks and kickers on
NFL teams. Different reasons have been
given for this overrepresentation;
however, some sociologists believe that a
discriminatory practice known as
stacking (discussed in this chapter) has
been responsible for the racial
distribution of players in football and
baseball.
7. In recent years, players of
color have moved into
coaching, management,
and ownership positions in
professional sports.
False.
Although more African American
players are employed by these
teams (especially in basketball),
their numbers have not increased
significantly in coaching and
management positions. No
professional team is currently
owned by an African American
(except Michael Jordan).
8. Professional sports is a
$90 billion business, and
athletes’ salaries are a
relatively minor expense
by comparison.
True. In 1994, professional sports was
estimated to be a $90 billion business.
Only $2 billion was paid in salaries.
9. The odds are good that
many outstanding high
school and college
athletes will make the pros
if they do not get injured.
False.
The odds of becoming a
professional athlete are very low.
The rate of high school football,
basketball, and baseball athletes
playing pro ball is less than
2.0%. The rate of college
athletes who make it to the pros
is less than 3.6%
10. Racism and sexism
appear to be on the
decline in sports in the
United States.
False
Even as people of color and White
women have made gains on
collegiate and professional
teams, scholars have
documented the continuing
significance of racial and
gender discrimination in
sports.
II. Theories of Prejudice:
You tell me.
A. Psychological
1. Scapegoating
2. Authoritarian Personality
B. Sociological
1. Costs and Benefits
2. Exploitation
3. Self-fulfilling Prophecies
Self-Fulfilling Stereotypes
III. Global Patterns of
Intergroup Relationships
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
Genocide
Population Transfer
Internal Colonialism
Segregation
Assimilation
Amalgamation (Fusion)
Multiculturalism (Pluralism)
Patterns of Intergroup Relations:
A Continuum
IV. Race and Ethnic
Relations if the United States
A.White Europeans
1790: The First Continental
Congress
B. African Americans
1. The Struggle for Civil Rights
2. Middle v. Lower Classes
C. Latinos:
Country of Origin
Subgroups Within the Hispanic
Population of the United States, 1993
D. Asian Americans:
1. Country of Origin
2. Stereotypes
E. Native Americans:
1. Poverty
2. Sovereignty
3. Settling Treaty Obligations
V. Looking Toward the
Future
A. Projected Population Distribution of the
United States by Race and Ethnicity, 2050
B. Race-Ethnic Relation Issues
1. Immigration
2. Affirmative action
3. The development of a
multicultural society.
VIII. Review
1. What is the difference between between
race and ethnicity?
2. What is a minority group?
3. What is ethnic work?
4. What is the difference between prejudice
and discrimination?
5. What is institutional discrimination?
• Name two psychological theories of
prejudice.
• Name three sociological theories of
prejudice.
• What is the relationship between
frustration and scapegoating?
• What is the authoritarian personality
and how is it related to prejudice?
• What is the costs and benefits theory of
prejudice?
11. What is the exploitation theory of
prejudice?
12. How does the self-fulfilling prophesy
apply to prejudice?
13. Define and give the pros and cons to
the following: genocide, population
transfer, internal colonialism,
segregation, assimilation,
multiculturalism or pluralism.
14. What are the five major ethnic groups
in America today?
15. What are the African American issues
discussed in the book?
16. What are the major issues for American
Latinos?
17. What are the major issues of Asian
Americans?
18. What are the major issues of Native
Americans?
19. What are three major immigration
problems mentioned in the book?
20. What is affirmative action?